發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-14 20:28

  本文選題：刑事被害人 + 權(quán)利保障　； 參考：《華中師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：刑事被害人國(guó)家救助制度是指國(guó)家對(duì)遭受犯罪侵害的被害人及其親屬進(jìn)行救助的一種制度。在世界范圍內(nèi),新西蘭、英國(guó)、美國(guó)等部分國(guó)家已經(jīng)規(guī)定了刑事被害人國(guó)家救助制度,但目前,在我國(guó)現(xiàn)存的法律制度中對(duì)刑事被害人國(guó)家救助制度沒(méi)有作出相關(guān)規(guī)定,僅規(guī)定刑事被害人可以通過(guò)提起刑事附帶民事訴訟的方式來(lái)獲得賠償,而這種方式的賠償范圍小,缺少針對(duì)性,并且涉及到經(jīng)濟(jì)損失賠償?shù)脑V訟還需要被害人自己提起,具有被動(dòng)性,這使得刑事被害人不能及時(shí)獲得賠償,會(huì)對(duì)其造成“二次傷害”。因而,本文從我國(guó)的實(shí)際出發(fā),在借鑒域外刑事被害人救助制度的基礎(chǔ)上,提出構(gòu)建我國(guó)刑事被害人國(guó)家救助制度,對(duì)符合條件的刑事被害人進(jìn)行救助,保障其權(quán)益。 本文共分為四個(gè)部分： 第一部分論述了刑事被害人國(guó)家救助制度基本理論。對(duì)刑事被害人國(guó)家救助制度的含義進(jìn)行了界定,提出了該制度存在的理論基礎(chǔ),并論述了刑事被害人國(guó)家救助制度的價(jià)值。 第二部分介紹了刑事被害人國(guó)家救助制度的發(fā)展歷程,以及域外刑事被害人救助制度立法概況,通過(guò)了解相關(guān)國(guó)家、地區(qū)的具體制度,為構(gòu)建我國(guó)刑事被害人國(guó)家救助制度提供經(jīng)驗(yàn)。 第三部分對(duì)我國(guó)刑事被害人國(guó)家救助制度的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了分析,明確了我國(guó)在國(guó)家立法層面存在空白,在各試點(diǎn)地區(qū)存在的救助對(duì)象、救助方式、救助金額以及救助程序等方面的不統(tǒng)一的情況,通過(guò)分析立法現(xiàn)狀和實(shí)踐現(xiàn)狀明確我國(guó)構(gòu)建該制度的必要性。 第四部分主要對(duì)構(gòu)建我國(guó)刑事被害人國(guó)家救助制度提出了相關(guān)建議。論述了我國(guó)構(gòu)建該制度應(yīng)堅(jiān)持的原則,并對(duì)刑事被害人國(guó)家救助制度的內(nèi)容做了具體的論述,包括救助的對(duì)象、條件、范圍、方式、程序等幾個(gè)方面。
[Abstract]:The system of state assistance for criminal victims refers to a system in which the state provides assistance to victims and their relatives who are victims of crime. In the world, some countries, such as New Zealand, Britain and the United States, have already stipulated the national assistance system for criminal victims. However, at present, there are no relevant provisions on the national assistance system for criminal victims in the existing legal system of our country. Providing only that criminal victims may obtain compensation through the initiation of civil proceedings incidental to criminal proceedings, which have a small scope of compensation, lack of pertinence and require the victims themselves to initiate proceedings involving compensation for economic losses, Passive, which makes the criminal victim can not get compensation in time, will cause "secondary injury". Therefore, this article starts from the reality of our country, on the basis of drawing lessons from the foreign criminal victim rescue system, puts forward the construction of our country criminal victim national rescue system, which can help the qualified criminal victim to protect their rights and interests. This paper is divided into four parts: The first part discusses the basic theory of the state assistance system for criminal victims. This paper defines the meaning of the state assistance system for criminal victims, puts forward the theoretical basis for the existence of the system, and discusses the value of the national assistance system for criminal victims. The second part introduces the development of the national assistance system for criminal victims, as well as the legislative overview of the extraterritorial criminal victim relief system, through the understanding of the specific systems of the countries and regions concerned. To provide experience for the construction of national assistance system for criminal victims in our country. The third part has carried on the analysis to our country criminal victim national aid system present situation, has defined our country in the national legislation level existence blank, exists in each pilot area to rescue the object, the rescue way, By analyzing the current situation of legislation and practice, the necessity of constructing this system in China is clarified. In the fourth part, the author puts forward some suggestions on the construction of national assistance system for criminal victims in our country. This paper discusses the principles that should be adhered to in the construction of this system in our country, and makes a concrete exposition on the content of the national relief system for criminal victims, including the object, condition, scope, method, procedure and so on.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華中師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：D925.2

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本文編號(hào)：1889352