發(fā)布時間：2018-08-16 19:29

【摘要】：軌道交通方式因其具有舒適、安全、準時的特點而受到乘客的推崇,但受限于其在建設過程中因建設成本高等問題而不能提供門到門的服務。接駁公交作為軌道交通的延伸,可以為乘客提供靈活性更強、覆蓋面更廣的服務,同時接駁公交系統(tǒng)中最重要的組成部分—接駁公交線網(wǎng)設計問題越來越受到人民的關注。目前對于接駁公交線網(wǎng)設計問題的研究視角主要是從接駁公交系統(tǒng)的內部要素入手,研究系統(tǒng)內部要素以及各內部要素間的相互關系;有關接駁公交和軌道交通之間的協(xié)調關系的研究則相對缺乏。接駁公交和軌道交通之間的協(xié)調不僅可以提高軌道交通—接駁公交系統(tǒng)的效率,從而提高系統(tǒng)的服務水平;還可以完善軌道交通—接駁公交系統(tǒng)的一體化整合,降低乘客的出行時間成本。針對接駁公交線網(wǎng)設計問題,首先,論文基于軌道交通和接駁公交的協(xié)調理論,構建以乘客出行成本和運營商成本之和最小為優(yōu)化目標,以線路長度、線路能力以及軌道交通與接駁公交之間的頻率存在整數(shù)協(xié)調的關系為約束條件的接駁公交線網(wǎng)設計模型。其次,通過設計算例,采用Lingo數(shù)學優(yōu)化軟件對所構建的模型進行驗證,證明了模型的準確性、有效性。再次,對模型中的參數(shù)進行靈敏度分析,分析結果顯示:一、有協(xié)調時的系統(tǒng)總成本會增加,但乘客的出行時間成本會降低;二、協(xié)調情況下,系統(tǒng)總成本會隨單位公交運營成本、乘客乘車時間成本、乘客候車時間成本、客流量、軌道乘客乘車成本的增加而線性增加,隨接駁公交速度、軌道運營頻率、軌道站點增加而減小。最后,采用遺傳算法對所設計的算例進行了求解,通過比較這兩種算法的精確度、運算效率以及適應算例的大小發(fā)現(xiàn),遺傳算法對于求解模型具有更大的優(yōu)勢。接駁公交與軌道交通的協(xié)調運行,一方面可以使接駁公交吸引更多的乘客來乘坐公共交通,減少小汽車的出行量,對環(huán)境起到很大的保護作用;另一方面對公共交通的發(fā)展有推動作用,形成一種良性的公共交通發(fā)展循環(huán),促進公交一體化發(fā)展,提高了公交的競爭力和吸引力。
[Abstract]:Rail transit is highly praised by passengers because of its comfort, safety and punctuality, but it can not provide door-to-door service due to the high cost in the construction process. As an extension of rail transit, bus connection can provide passengers with more flexible and more extensive services. At the same time, the design of bus connection network, the most important component of bus system, has been paid more and more attention by people. At present, the research perspective of bus network design is mainly from the internal elements of bus connection system, the internal elements of the system and the relationship between the internal elements; The research on the coordination relationship between bus and rail transit is relatively lacking. The coordination between rail transit and rail transit can not only improve the efficiency of rail transit and transit system, thus improve the service level of the system, but also improve the integration of rail transit and transit system. Reduce travel time costs for passengers. To solve the problem of bus network design, firstly, based on the coordination theory of rail transit and bus connection, the paper constructs the minimum of passenger travel cost and operator cost as the optimization goal and the length of the line. The design model of the bus network is based on the integer coordination between the line capacity and the frequency between the rail transit and the bus. Secondly, the Lingo mathematical optimization software is used to verify the model, which proves the accuracy and validity of the model. Thirdly, the sensitivity analysis of the parameters in the model shows that: first, the total cost of the system will increase when there is coordination, but the travel time cost of passengers will decrease; second, in the case of coordination, The total cost of the system will increase linearly with the increase of unit bus operation cost, passenger travel time cost, passenger waiting time cost, passenger flow, rail passenger ride cost. Track stations increase and decrease. Finally, genetic algorithm is used to solve the designed examples. By comparing the accuracy, efficiency and size of the two algorithms, it is found that the genetic algorithm has a greater advantage in solving the model. The coordinated operation of bus and rail transit, on the one hand, can attract more passengers to take the public transport, reduce the number of cars, and play a great role in protecting the environment; On the other hand, it can promote the development of public transport, form a benign cycle of public transport development, promote the integration of public transport, and improve the competitiveness and attraction of public transport.
【學位授予單位】：昆明理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：U239.5

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