發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-11 08:04

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：Morpho蝶翅隱形性特性與仿生結(jié)構(gòu)力學(xué)分析及仿生制備的探究　出處：《湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 蝶翅 隱形性特性 力學(xué)分析 仿生制備

【摘要】：Morpho蝶翅鱗片表面分布著納米級(jí)的樹脊層狀三維精細(xì)結(jié)構(gòu),在垂直方向呈近似相互平行且等間距排列,介質(zhì)層寬整體呈現(xiàn)一種近似等差數(shù)列分布,其內(nèi)部由空氣介質(zhì)填充;在水平面方向上,介質(zhì)層在脊柱兩側(cè)錯(cuò)位排列;沿脊脈方向上,相鄰樹脊結(jié)構(gòu)間距約為50nm,連續(xù)若干個(gè)這樣的結(jié)構(gòu)構(gòu)成了一種天然的衍射光柵,這是Morpho蝶翅光學(xué)性能的生理基礎(chǔ)。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),這種結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)照射至蝶翅表面的光具很強(qiáng)的波長選擇特性;蝶翅內(nèi)部隱藏的納米級(jí)三維結(jié)構(gòu)對(duì)特定波段的光也能產(chǎn)生輻射增強(qiáng)和抑制作用(實(shí)際上是蝶翅隱形性能的原理之一)。本文從實(shí)驗(yàn)、仿真、光學(xué)、力學(xué)原理和微納制備技術(shù)等幾方面,對(duì)Morpho蝶翅在紅外波段的隱形特性、仿生結(jié)構(gòu)的靜力學(xué)分析和仿生結(jié)構(gòu)制備探究做了一定的研究。主要工作包括:1.借助各種精密的光學(xué)觀測(cè)儀器(如掃描電子顯微鏡(SEM)、透射電子顯微鏡(TEM)等)對(duì)天然蝶翅的物理結(jié)構(gòu)做了細(xì)致的觀測(cè),蝶翅鱗片的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)使得照射至蝶翅表面的光發(fā)生復(fù)雜的反射、折射和衍射等綜合效應(yīng),這是蝶翅鱗片產(chǎn)生結(jié)構(gòu)色的根源;在明確物理結(jié)構(gòu)的基礎(chǔ)上,搭建光學(xué)測(cè)試平臺(tái),驗(yàn)證了蝶翅表面的微納結(jié)構(gòu)在紅外波段具有良好的隱形性能。進(jìn)一步研究發(fā)現(xiàn)Morpho蝶翅的這種多層薄膜間隙結(jié)構(gòu)會(huì)因翅層和空氣介質(zhì)層的折射率不同導(dǎo)致上下兩層發(fā)生連續(xù)折射-反射-折射等光學(xué)反應(yīng),這種累加的光學(xué)效應(yīng)是蝶翅隱形性能的生理基礎(chǔ)之一;2.以天然結(jié)構(gòu)為基礎(chǔ),利用SolidWorks、RsoftCAD等軟件對(duì)蝶翅鱗片結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行優(yōu)化,建立蝶翅鱗片結(jié)構(gòu)的仿生三維模型(第三方向上的深度不作要求),保留了蝶翅結(jié)構(gòu)基本特征;利用ANSYS對(duì)這種結(jié)構(gòu)在承受自重的情況下進(jìn)行力學(xué)分析,探究仿生結(jié)構(gòu)在制備時(shí)力學(xué)方面的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),并以此提出優(yōu)化模型,為進(jìn)一步仿制蝶翅三維結(jié)構(gòu)提供力學(xué)方面的參考;3.在明確蝶翅隱形特性成型機(jī)理的基礎(chǔ)之上,提出產(chǎn)生隱形特性生理結(jié)構(gòu)的融合性仿生模型,并對(duì)其制備做了初步的探索。這些工作的完成對(duì)進(jìn)一步完善蝶翅鱗片結(jié)構(gòu)光學(xué)性能研究,突破現(xiàn)有軍用隱形性能發(fā)展瓶頸以及實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)蝶翅仿生結(jié)構(gòu)的制備都具有重要的借鑒意義。
[Abstract]:On the surface of Morpho butterfly wing scale, there is a three-dimensional fine structure of tree ridge layer, which is approximately parallel to each other in the vertical direction and equidistant, and the whole dielectric layer width presents an approximate difference sequence distribution. The inner part is filled with air medium; In the horizontal direction, the media layer is dislocated on both sides of the spine. Along the ridge direction, the spacing of adjacent tree ridges is about 50 nm, and a number of such structures form a natural diffraction grating, which is the physiological basis of the optical properties of Morpho butterfly wings. This structure has strong wavelength selective characteristics for the light irradiated to the surface of the butterfly wing. Nano-scale three-dimensional structure hidden inside the butterfly wing can also produce radiation enhancement and suppression effect on the light in a specific band (actually, it is one of the principles of the stealth performance of the butterfly wing.) in this paper, experiments, simulations, optics. The principle of mechanics and micro-nano preparation technology, etc., the stealth characteristics of Morpho butterfly wings in infrared band. The statics analysis of bionic structures and the research on the preparation of bionic structures have been done. The main work includes: 1. With the help of various precise optical observation instruments (such as scanning electron microscope (SEM) SEM). The physical structure of natural butterfly wings has been carefully observed. The special structure of the scales of butterfly wings makes the light reflected from the surface of the wings to be complex. The comprehensive effects such as refraction and diffraction are the root of the structure color of the butterfly wing scales. On the basis of clear physical structure, the optical testing platform is built. It is proved that the micro / nano structure of butterfly fin surface has good stealth performance in infrared band. It is further found that this multilayer film gap structure of Morpho butterfly fin can be guided by the refractive index of wing layer and air medium layer. The optical reactions such as continuous refraction, reflectance and refraction occur in the upper and lower layers. This cumulative optical effect is one of the physiological bases for the stealth performance of butterfly wings. 2. On the basis of natural structure, the flake structure of butterfly wing was optimized by SolidWorks and Rsoft CAD software. The bionic three-dimensional model of the butterfly wing scale structure is established (the depth in the third direction is not required and the basic characteristics of the butterfly wing structure are preserved; The mechanical analysis of this structure under the condition of self-weight is carried out by using ANSYS, and the advantages and disadvantages of the biomimetic structure in the preparation of the biomimetic structure are explored, and the optimization model is put forward. It provides a mechanical reference for the further imitation of the three-dimensional structure of butterfly wings. 3. Based on the understanding of the formation mechanism of the invisible characteristics of butterfly wings, a fusion bionic model is proposed to produce the physiological structure of the stealth characteristics. And the preparation of it has been preliminarily explored. The completion of these works will further improve the optical properties of the structure of butterfly wing scales. Breaking through the bottleneck of the development of military stealth performance and achieving the preparation of butterfly wing bionic structure are of great significance.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湖北工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：TB17

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