發(fā)布時間：2018-05-01 06:23

  本文選題：憤怒 + 框架效應�。� 參考：《西南大學》2012年碩士論文

【摘要】：人們在生活中每時每刻都需要做出決策,而決策對情緒有重要影響,近年來情緒對于決策的影響逐漸成為決策領(lǐng)域的研究熱點。本研究對于情緒影響決策的研究領(lǐng)域的理論和實證研究進行了梳理,發(fā)現(xiàn)近二十年來的研究大多是基于情緒效價理論,但是也有研究發(fā)現(xiàn)不同的具體情緒對于判斷決策有不同影響。本研究選取憤怒這一在生活中經(jīng)常體驗到的情緒來研究具體情緒對風險決策的影響。以往研究中對憤怒情緒是否會導致風險偏好仍然有爭議；特別是在具體情緒對風險決策的影響的理論機制解釋遠未達到統(tǒng)一。大多數(shù)研究沒有考慮其他影響因素在情緒影響風險決策中的作用,例如性別,決策情景,個體特質(zhì)等。 本研究采用實驗研究,試圖解決以下問題,一是對憤怒情緒下決策是否出現(xiàn)風險偏好進行實驗證明。二是對憤怒情緒下決策時風險偏好的原因例如確定性、可控感進行探討。三是探討其他影響因素的例如敢為性對實驗結(jié)論的影響。 本研究包含了三個實驗。實驗采用影片片段誘發(fā)目標情緒后要求被試完成決策任務(wù)和風險評估,對被試的冒險得分和風險評估進行統(tǒng)計,分析被試在決策中的冒險傾向。 實驗一研究憤怒情緒是否會使人產(chǎn)生風險偏好,是否是跨框架效應的風險偏好。研究表明：(1)憤怒情緒狀態(tài)下的被試在正性框架和負性框架下都表現(xiàn)出了風險偏好選擇。(2)憤怒情緒和平靜情緒狀態(tài)下的被試的冒險得分在正性框架下有顯著差異,表現(xiàn)為憤怒情緒下的被試冒險得分顯著高于平靜情緒下的被試,但在負性框架下兩者差異不顯著。 實驗二研究確定性、可控性和對風險的樂觀估計是否是影響憤怒使人產(chǎn)生風險偏好的因素。研究表明確定性、可控性在情緒影響風險決策的過程中具有影響作用,并且在對確定性、可控性模糊的生活事件發(fā)生概率評估中,憤怒情緒下的被試比平靜情緒下的被試做出更為樂觀的估計,而在對確定性、可控性明確的生活事件發(fā)生概率評估中,兩者的差異沒有達到顯著水平。 實驗三研究個體特質(zhì)冒險性在情緒影響風險決策中的作用。在個體特質(zhì)冒險性H項對冒險得分影響的分析中發(fā)現(xiàn),誘發(fā)了憤怒和平靜這兩種具體的情緒后,被試的冒險性個人特質(zhì)對風險決策的判斷選擇沒有顯著影響。 研究發(fā)現(xiàn)： (1)憤怒情緒下被試做出風險偏好的選擇是跨框架一致的,而平靜情緒下的被試在風險決策任務(wù)中則出現(xiàn)了框架效應。 (2)確定性、可控性在情緒影響風險決策的過程中具有影響作用,并且在確定性、可控性模糊的生活事件發(fā)生概率評估中,憤怒情緒下的被試比平靜情緒下的被試做出更為樂觀的估計,而在確定性、可控性明確的生活事件發(fā)生概率評估中,兩者的差異沒有達到顯著水平。 (3)在個體特質(zhì)冒險性H項對冒險得分影響的分析中發(fā)現(xiàn),誘發(fā)了憤怒和平靜這兩種具體的情緒后,被試的冒險性個人特質(zhì)對風險決策的判斷選擇沒有顯著影響。
[Abstract]:The research on emotion influence decision - making is mostly based on emotion valence theory , but it is also found that different specific emotions have different influence on decision - making .
In particular , the theoretical mechanism of the influence of specific emotion on risk decision - making has not been unified . Most studies do not consider the role of other influencing factors in the risk - making of emotion , such as gender , decision - making situation , individual characteristics , etc .

In this study , we try to solve the following problems , one is to prove the risk preference of decision - making in anger emotion . Second , this paper discusses the causes of risk preference in anger - based decision - making , such as certainty and controllable feeling .

In this study , three experiments were carried out . After the experiment , the target emotion was induced by the film fragment , the decision task and risk assessment were completed , and the risk assessment and risk assessment were analyzed , and the risk - taking tendency in decision - making was analyzed .

The results show that : ( 1 ) Under the positive framework and the negative framework , the test under the condition of anger emotion shows the risk preference selection . ( 2 ) The tested risk score under the condition of anger and calm is significantly higher than that under the positive framework , but the difference between the tested risk scores under the negative framework is not significant .

The study shows that certainty , controllability and optimistic estimation of risk are the factors that affect the risk appetite of people . The study shows that certainty and controllability have an influence on the process of emotional impact risk decision - making , and in the probability assessment of the deterministic and controlled fuzzy life events , the subjects under the angry emotion are more optimistic than those under the calm emotion , while in the probability assessment of the certainty and controllability , the difference of the two is not reached a significant level .

Experiment 3 studies the role of individual trait adventurality in the risk decision - making of emotion influence . In the analysis of the influence of individual characteristic adventive H item on risk score , it is found that after inducing anger and calm these two specific emotions , the personality traits tested have no significant influence on the choice of risk decision - making .

The study found that :

( 1 ) The choice of the risk preference under the angry emotion is consistent across the framework , while the test under calm has the framework effect in the task of risk decision - making .

( 2 ) The certainty and controllability have an influence in the process of emotional impact risk decision - making , and in the probabilistic assessment of the deterministic and controlled fuzzy life events , the subjects under the angry emotion are more optimistic than those under the calm emotion , while in the probabilistic assessment of the certainty and controllability , the difference of the two does not reach a significant level .

( 3 ) In the analysis of the influence of the risk score on the risk score of the individual characteristic , it is found that after the two specific emotions of anger and calm are induced , the personality traits of the tested personality have no significant influence on the choice of risk decision .

【學位授予單位】：西南大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：F830.59;F224

【參考文獻】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前3條

1 嚴霞;蘭雅文;;憤怒和恐懼情緒對青少年風險決策行為影響研究[J];保健醫(yī)學研究與實踐;2009年04期

2 莊錦英,陳明燕;論消極情緒對決策的影響[J];沈陽師范大學學報(社會科學版);2005年05期

3 謝曉非，徐聯(lián)倉;“風險”性質(zhì)的探討──一項聯(lián)想測驗[J];心理科學;1995年06期

，

本文編號：1828121