發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-23 17:06

  本文選題：綠色采購(gòu)　切入點(diǎn)：制約因素　出處：《天津大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：持續(xù)的霧霾天氣和短暫的“APEC藍(lán)”讓人們愈發(fā)意識(shí)到了環(huán)境保護(hù)和資源節(jié)約的重要性。綠色消費(fèi)可有效減少在生產(chǎn)和使用過(guò)程中造成的資源浪費(fèi)和環(huán)境破壞。政府可通過(guò)其龐大的采購(gòu)力量,增加綠色環(huán)保產(chǎn)品的需求量,刺激企業(yè)進(jìn)行綠色生產(chǎn)改革,有效促進(jìn)綠色產(chǎn)品市場(chǎng)的形成,同時(shí)引導(dǎo)全民范圍內(nèi)的綠色采購(gòu)。因此,政府綠色采購(gòu)具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,是貫徹落實(shí)十八大報(bào)告中有關(guān)構(gòu)建生態(tài)文明的具體舉措,有利于我國(guó)社會(huì)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。自2004年我國(guó)開(kāi)始探索政府綠色采購(gòu)以來(lái),十年間已經(jīng)取得了明顯的成績(jī)。然而由于我國(guó)政府綠色采購(gòu)實(shí)踐的起步相對(duì)較晚,現(xiàn)在逐漸暴露出一些制約其發(fā)展的因素。本文通過(guò)分析我國(guó)綠色采購(gòu)現(xiàn)狀,找出發(fā)展中存在的問(wèn)題,然后通過(guò)建立其制約因素的ISM模型,分析各制約因素間的關(guān)系,最后在總結(jié)學(xué)習(xí)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家相關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)構(gòu)建和完善我國(guó)政府綠色采購(gòu)制度提出了對(duì)策建議。本文經(jīng)過(guò)大量的資料搜集和文獻(xiàn)分析,對(duì)我國(guó)政府綠色采購(gòu)的現(xiàn)狀進(jìn)行了概括,歸納出當(dāng)前存在的五個(gè)主要問(wèn)題和兩大挑戰(zhàn),并基于此剖析出了制約我國(guó)政府綠色采購(gòu)發(fā)展的10個(gè)主要因素。采用解釋結(jié)構(gòu)模型法對(duì)10個(gè)制約因素進(jìn)行層次分類,構(gòu)建了我國(guó)政府綠色采購(gòu)制約的四階因素模型,并分辨出不同制約因素對(duì)系統(tǒng)的作用機(jī)制。橫向比較北美、歐洲、亞洲國(guó)家和地區(qū)的政府綠色采購(gòu)實(shí)踐,總結(jié)出其在思想意識(shí)、采購(gòu)指導(dǎo)、制度建設(shè)和配套保障四方面的成功經(jīng)驗(yàn)。最后提出了我國(guó)政府綠色采購(gòu)制度完善的針對(duì)性建議,具體包括:根本制約因素方面,盡快統(tǒng)一綠色產(chǎn)品的認(rèn)證標(biāo)準(zhǔn)和加大政府采購(gòu)及綠色產(chǎn)業(yè)的資金投入;中層制約因素方面,完善法律體系、監(jiān)督管理、績(jī)效考評(píng)以及政策激勵(lì)等;直接制約因素方面,增強(qiáng)全民綠色采購(gòu)意識(shí),改良綠色采購(gòu)方法,對(duì)采購(gòu)人員進(jìn)行培訓(xùn)并且加強(qiáng)采購(gòu)信息建設(shè)。
[Abstract]:The continuous haze weather and the brief "APEC blue" have made people more aware of the importance of environmental protection and resource conservation. Green consumption can effectively reduce the waste of resources and environmental damage caused by production and use. Through its enormous purchasing power, Increasing the demand for green environmental protection products, stimulating enterprises to carry out green production reform, effectively promoting the formation of green product market, and guiding the green procurement in the whole people. Therefore, the government green procurement has important practical significance. It is to carry out the concrete measures of constructing ecological civilization in the report of the 18th National Congress of China, which is beneficial to the sustainable development of our society. Since 2004, our country has begun to explore the green procurement of government. During the past ten years, there have been obvious achievements. However, due to the relatively late start of the green procurement practice in China, some factors restricting the development of green procurement are gradually exposed. This paper analyzes the current situation of green procurement in China. Find out the problems existing in the development, then establish the ISM model of the constraints, analyze the relationship between the constraints, Finally, on the basis of summing up the relevant experiences of developed countries, this paper puts forward some countermeasures and suggestions to construct and perfect the green procurement system of our government. This paper summarizes the current situation of green procurement in China, and concludes five main problems and two major challenges. Based on the above analysis, 10 main factors restricting the development of green procurement in our country are analyzed. The four order factor model of green procurement constraints of our government is constructed by using the method of explanatory structure model to classify the 10 factors. By comparing the green procurement practices in North America, Europe and Asia countries and regions, we can find out their ideological consciousness and procurement guidance. Finally, the paper puts forward some suggestions on how to perfect the green procurement system of our government, including the following aspects: the basic restrictive factors, Unify the certification standards of green products as soon as possible and increase the capital input for government procurement and green industries; improve the legal system, supervision and management, performance appraisal and policy incentives; directly restrict the factors, such as the middle-level constraints, the improvement of the legal system, the supervision and management, the evaluation of performance, and the policy incentives, etc. Strengthen the people's green purchasing consciousness, improve the green purchasing method, train the purchasing personnel and strengthen the purchasing information construction.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：F812.45

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