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政府研發(fā)資助對(duì)企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的影響研究

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-07-29 16:34
【摘要】:改革開放以來(lái),我國(guó)創(chuàng)新能力不斷增強(qiáng),RD資金投入、從業(yè)人員數(shù)量和發(fā)明專利的申請(qǐng)數(shù)量都大幅增加。近幾年為促進(jìn)企業(yè)自主創(chuàng)新,我國(guó)政府不斷加大支持力度,RD扶持體系逐步健全。對(duì)我國(guó)企業(yè)創(chuàng)新而言,科技成果轉(zhuǎn)化率不高,研發(fā)與經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化,缺乏關(guān)鍵核心技術(shù)等問(wèn)題還沒(méi)有根本解決。面對(duì)持續(xù)攀升的財(cái)政科技撥款,我國(guó)政府不斷加大的RD資助的創(chuàng)新效果如何?這些資金的利用效率如何?現(xiàn)有文獻(xiàn)主要集中在政府補(bǔ)貼對(duì)企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新投入產(chǎn)出量的影響上,而對(duì)在政府補(bǔ)助下企業(yè)的創(chuàng)新過(guò)程是否具有效率關(guān)注不夠,政府研發(fā)資金的不合理配置,會(huì)降低整個(gè)地區(qū)企業(yè)的技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率。本文試圖從效率的角度,加入政府補(bǔ)貼程度等因素,在已有文獻(xiàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,研究政府研發(fā)資助對(duì)企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的影響,對(duì)政府研發(fā)資助如何提高不同地區(qū)企業(yè)創(chuàng)新效率有一定理論意義和現(xiàn)實(shí)應(yīng)用價(jià)值。本文分為五章。第一章對(duì)政府研發(fā)資助和企業(yè)技術(shù)效率的有關(guān)文獻(xiàn)作了梳理,提出了文本的研究方向與研究思路。第二章從理論方面分析了政府研發(fā)資助對(duì)企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的作用機(jī)制�;谄髽I(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的特征,闡述政府對(duì)創(chuàng)新給予激勵(lì)的必要性以及政府激勵(lì)企業(yè)創(chuàng)新的方式,分析技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率以及影響技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率的因素,以及在信息不對(duì)稱的情況下,政府與企業(yè)創(chuàng)新之間的博弈關(guān)系。第三章分析企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新的現(xiàn)狀和政府研發(fā)資助的現(xiàn)狀。目前,企業(yè)已成為RD活動(dòng)的主體,RD產(chǎn)投入和產(chǎn)出增加,產(chǎn)學(xué)研緊密合作。同時(shí)也存在著投入產(chǎn)出績(jī)效不高,自主創(chuàng)新不足等問(wèn)題。我國(guó)政府科技撥款持續(xù)增長(zhǎng),地方政府科技撥款在政府科技撥款中的比重加大,同時(shí)地區(qū)發(fā)展不平衡,資源配置不合理。第四章,利用DEA-tobi倆步法以2006~2011年的數(shù)據(jù)為樣本,對(duì)30個(gè)省級(jí)地區(qū)的大中型企業(yè)的政府補(bǔ)貼與企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率進(jìn)行了實(shí)證檢驗(yàn),結(jié)論是:①我國(guó)企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率不高,各地區(qū)之間差異明顯,中西部地區(qū)要著力提高純技術(shù)效率。②政府資金投入和RD人員投入出現(xiàn)冗余的情況在全國(guó)各地區(qū)中普遍存.在。③西部地區(qū)科技成果商業(yè)轉(zhuǎn)化能力不強(qiáng)。④東部地區(qū)企業(yè)技術(shù)創(chuàng)新效率隨著政府資金占企業(yè)RD資金總量的比例的增大而降低。最后提出政策建議,認(rèn)為政府部門需要適當(dāng)增加研發(fā)投入,改革政府研發(fā)投入方式,提高政府RD資金的使用效率,以市場(chǎng)為導(dǎo)向幫助科技成果向商業(yè)成果的轉(zhuǎn)化,建設(shè)各具特色的區(qū)域創(chuàng)新體系,從而進(jìn)一步提高企業(yè)的自主創(chuàng)新能力。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, the innovation ability of our country has continuously strengthened the R D investment, the number of employees and the number of applications for invention patent have increased greatly. In recent years, in order to promote the independent innovation of enterprises, our government has been increasing the support efforts and gradually sound Rd support system. For the innovation of Chinese enterprises, the transformation rate of scientific and technological achievements is not high, the integration of R & D and economy, the lack of key core technology and so on have not been solved. In the face of the increasing financial and technological funding, what are the innovative effects of the increasing R D funding from the Chinese government? What is the efficiency with which these funds are used? The existing literature mainly focuses on the effect of government subsidies on the output of enterprises' technological innovation input, but it does not pay enough attention to the efficiency of enterprises' innovation process under government subsidy, and the unreasonable allocation of government R & D funds. It will reduce the efficiency of technological innovation of enterprises in the whole region. This paper attempts to study the effect of government R & D funding on the efficiency of enterprise technological innovation from the perspective of efficiency, including the degree of government subsidies and other factors, based on the existing literature. It has certain theoretical significance and practical application value on how to improve the innovation efficiency of enterprises in different regions. This paper is divided into five chapters. The first chapter combs the literature about government R & D aid and enterprise technology efficiency, and puts forward the research direction and thought of the text. The second chapter analyzes the mechanism of government R & D support on the efficiency of enterprise technology innovation from the theoretical point of view. Based on the characteristics of technological innovation efficiency of enterprises, this paper expounds the necessity of government incentives for innovation and the ways in which the government encourages enterprises to innovate, and analyzes the efficiency of technological innovation and the factors that affect the efficiency of technological innovation. And in the case of asymmetric information, the game relationship between government and enterprise innovation. The third chapter analyzes the status of technological innovation and government R & D funding. At present, enterprises have become the main body of R D activities, R D input and output increase, close cooperation between industry, university and research. At the same time, there are also problems such as low input-output performance and insufficient independent innovation. Our country government science and technology appropriation continues to increase, the local government science and technology appropriation in the government science and technology appropriation proportion increases, at the same time the area development is not balanced, the resources allocation is unreasonable. In the fourth chapter, using the DEA-tobi two-step method, taking the data from 2006 to 2011 as the sample, the paper makes an empirical test on the government subsidy and technological innovation efficiency of large and medium-sized enterprises in 30 provincial areas. The conclusion is that the technological innovation efficiency of enterprises in China is not high. There are obvious differences among different regions. The central and western regions should make great efforts to improve the pure technical efficiency .2 the situation of redundancy of government funds and R D personnel input is widespread in all regions of the country. The technological innovation efficiency of enterprises in the eastern region decreases with the increase of the proportion of government funds to the total R D funds of enterprises. Finally, the paper puts forward some policy suggestions, that government departments need to appropriately increase R & D investment, reform government R & D investment methods, improve the efficiency of using government R D funds, and take the market as a guide to help the transformation of scientific and technological achievements to commercial achievements. Build regional innovation system with its own characteristics to further improve the independent innovation ability of enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】:南京財(cái)經(jīng)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】:碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】:2014
【分類號(hào)】:F273.1;F812.45

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