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  本文關鍵詞： 軟件定義網絡 OpenFlow 廣域網 標簽路由 標簽分配 負載均衡　出處：《中國科學技術大學》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：軟件定義網絡(SDN/OpenFlow)是一種新型的網絡架構,將傳統網絡的封閉體系分離為數據平面和控制平面,具有良好的可控性和靈活性。SDN開始被引入到許多場景下的網絡,其中包括廣域網。將SDN/OpenFlow應用于廣域網中存在以下技術挑戰(zhàn):受限于鏈路物理距離,控制器與交換機之間通信時延長,導致新流到達時,新建數據流路徑時間長的問題。目前的研究主要使用源路由(如SlickFlow)的方案解決這個問題。這些方案存在問題:數據包需要攜帶較大且變長的包頭信息,不利于硬件實現;修改了 OpenFlow協議,不利于推廣應用。本文對上述問題進行了深入研究,提出了對應的解決方案,論文的主要貢獻如下:(1)提出了基于OpenFlow的標簽路由機制,并且在不修改OpenFlow協議前提下,給出了一個實現該標簽路由的方案。本文將標簽信息存放在QinQ的VLAN包頭域中,與SlickFlow相比,壓入的包頭信息短小且定長。論證了本文的標簽僅會增加0.26-6.25%的傳輸時延和少于0.52us的操作時延。從分析和實驗結果表明,新流到達時,可以減少交換機與控制器之間的通信量,從而降低網絡平均時延。(2)設計了一個基于OpenFlow的標簽分配機制,討論了如何分配和管理標簽路由的標簽�；�于Ryu控制器、MongoDB等技術,設計了一個可以分配、管理、存儲和下發(fā)標簽的系統,同時該系統具有良好的擴展性。最后,在盛科V150交換機和EX2000拓撲連接器上,搭建了標簽分配機制的原型系統。實驗結果表明,原型系統可以有效地分配下發(fā)標簽以及刪除網絡中的標簽信息。(3)基于流量矩陣,討論了如何利用標簽分配實現網絡鏈路負載均衡。首先討論了目前SDN中測量流量矩陣的研究,并給出了測量流量矩陣的一般方法。然后基于流量矩陣負載均衡算法(TM-LB)進行改進,提出了 ITM-LB算法。本文使用真實的和隨機的流量矩陣進行兩次仿真實驗,實驗結果表明,使用ITM-LB和TM-LB算法下發(fā)標簽都能實現鏈路負載均衡。但是,無論是負載均衡能力還是算法運行效率,本文提出的ITM-LB算法都要優(yōu)于TM-LB算法。
[Abstract]:SDN / Open flow (SDN / Open flow) is a new network architecture, which separates the traditional closed network architecture into data plane and control plane. With good controllability and flexibility. SDN is beginning to be introduced into networks under many scenarios. These include WAN. The following technical challenges exist in applying SDN/OpenFlow to WAN: limited by link physical distance, extended communication time between controller and switch, resulting in the arrival of new streams. The problem of long path time for new data flow. Current research mainly uses source routing (such as Slick flow). These solutions have problems: packets need to carry larger and longer header information. It is not good for hardware realization; The modification of OpenFlow protocol is not conducive to popularization and application. This paper makes a thorough study of the above problems and puts forward corresponding solutions. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: (1) A label routing mechanism based on OpenFlow is proposed, and the OpenFlow protocol is not modified. In this paper, the label information is stored in the VLAN header domain of QinQ, which is compared with SlickFlow. It is demonstrated that the label in this paper can only increase the transmission delay by 0.26-6.25% and the operation delay by less than 0.52us. The results of analysis and experiment show that the proposed label can increase the transmission delay by 0.26-6.25% and the operation delay by less than 0.52us. When the new stream arrives, the traffic between the switch and the controller can be reduced, thus reducing the average network delay. (2) A label allocation mechanism based on OpenFlow is designed. This paper discusses how to allocate and manage label routing. Based on the technology of Ryu controller and MongoDB, we design a system that can distribute, manage, store and distribute tags. At the same time, the system has good expansibility. Finally, a prototype system of label allocation mechanism is built on Shengke V150 switch and EX2000 topology connector. The experimental results show that. The prototype system can effectively allocate the sending label and delete the label information in the network. 3) based on the traffic matrix. This paper discusses how to realize network link load balance by label allocation. Firstly, the research of measurement flow matrix in SDN is discussed. A general method of measuring the flow matrix is given, and then improved based on the traffic matrix load balancing algorithm (TM-LB). ITM-LB algorithm is proposed in this paper. The real and random flow matrix is used to carry out two simulation experiments, and the experimental results show that. ITM-LB and TM-LB algorithms can be used to distribute labels to achieve link load balancing. However, both load balancing ability and algorithm efficiency can be achieved. The proposed ITM-LB algorithm is superior to the TM-LB algorithm.
【學位授予單位】：中國科學技術大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TP393.0

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