我國自然災(zāi)害應(yīng)急中的志愿者管理機(jī)制完善研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2019-06-15 08:21
【摘要】：近年來,我國自然災(zāi)害頻發(fā),嚴(yán)重?fù)p害人民群眾的生命和財(cái)產(chǎn)安全,災(zāi)害的應(yīng)急處理能力倘若不當(dāng),甚至可能影響社會(huì)穩(wěn)定。面對(duì)災(zāi)害帶來的破壞沖擊,政府要做好中流砥柱,無論是事前預(yù)警,事中救援還是事后減災(zāi)上都要發(fā)揮應(yīng)急管理應(yīng)對(duì)能力,保護(hù)人民生命、守護(hù)人民的家園。但隨著自然災(zāi)害破壞范圍和復(fù)雜程度的增加,單靠政府應(yīng)急管理機(jī)制不能完全應(yīng)對(duì)危機(jī)處理,由此把志愿者力量融入到政府自然災(zāi)害應(yīng)急管理中勢(shì)在必行,但目前應(yīng)急管理中的社會(huì)動(dòng)員體系相對(duì)薄弱,志愿者參與自然災(zāi)害救援仍呈現(xiàn)個(gè)體分散的情況,志愿者管理也存在混亂、無序。這成為政府完善應(yīng)急管理體系的新難題。能否合理完善志愿者管理,強(qiáng)化志愿行為,不但是管理學(xué)術(shù)界關(guān)注鉆研的焦點(diǎn),也是解決現(xiàn)實(shí)問題的需要。為應(yīng)對(duì)我國自然災(zāi)害日益嚴(yán)峻的形勢(shì)和挑戰(zhàn),完善我國自然災(zāi)害應(yīng)急社會(huì)動(dòng)員機(jī)制,建設(shè)有針對(duì)性的專業(yè)志愿者隊(duì)伍已成為我國自然災(zāi)害應(yīng)急管理的戰(zhàn)略任務(wù)。導(dǎo)致我國自然災(zāi)害應(yīng)急中志愿者管理存在問題的根源就是志愿者管理機(jī)制的不健全:志愿者組織的運(yùn)行機(jī)制存在弊端,同政府間的協(xié)同機(jī)制不健全,內(nèi)部的管理機(jī)制不完善,應(yīng)急管理法律和制度建設(shè)不足等;在此分析的基礎(chǔ)上,本文按照志愿者日常管理、救援中的協(xié)同行動(dòng),以及事后的恢復(fù)重建為脈絡(luò),提出:建立志愿者信息庫、實(shí)現(xiàn)志愿者分類管理,統(tǒng)一完善志愿者行動(dòng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)并加強(qiáng)日常培訓(xùn),在行動(dòng)中達(dá)到精準(zhǔn)調(diào)度,在事后重建中做到持續(xù)維護(hù)等具體的設(shè)計(jì)路徑�？傊�,隨著國家應(yīng)急管理體系的不斷完善,公民參與意識(shí)的良性發(fā)展,志愿者在應(yīng)對(duì)自然災(zāi)害救援中必定更加理性,處理危機(jī)時(shí)更加成熟,志愿者達(dá)到召之即來,來則能戰(zhàn)的狀態(tài),在這個(gè)成長的過程中,政府應(yīng)積極的引導(dǎo)和推動(dòng)。
[Abstract]:In recent years, natural disasters occur frequently in our country, which seriously damage the safety of people's lives and property. If the emergency response capacity of disasters is not appropriate, it may even affect social stability. In the face of the destructive impact caused by disasters, the government should do a good job of the mainstay, whether in advance early warning, rescue or disaster reduction after the event should give full play to the emergency management response ability, protect people's lives and protect the people's homes. However, with the increase of the scope and complexity of natural disasters, the government emergency management mechanism alone can not fully deal with the crisis, so it is imperative to integrate volunteer forces into the government natural disaster emergency management. However, the social mobilization system in emergency management is relatively weak, volunteers' participation in natural disaster rescue is still scattered, and volunteer management is also chaotic and disorderly. This has become a new problem for the government to improve the emergency management system. Whether the volunteer management can be reasonably improved and the voluntary behavior strengthened is not only the focus of the management academic circles, but also the need to solve the practical problems. In order to meet the increasingly severe situation and challenges of natural disasters in China, it has become the strategic task of natural disaster emergency management in China to perfect the social mobilization mechanism of natural disasters emergency and build a targeted team of professional volunteers. The root of the problems in volunteer management in natural disaster emergency response in China is the imperfect volunteer management mechanism: the operating mechanism of volunteer organizations is not perfect, the coordination mechanism with the government is not perfect, the internal management mechanism is not perfect, the emergency management law and system construction is insufficient, and so on. On the basis of this analysis, according to the daily management of volunteers, the cooperative action in rescue, and the restoration and reconstruction after the event, this paper puts forward some specific design paths, such as establishing volunteer information base, realizing volunteer classified management, unifying and perfecting volunteer action network and strengthening daily training, achieving accurate scheduling in action and continuous maintenance in ex post facto reconstruction. In a word, with the continuous improvement of the national emergency management system and the benign development of citizen participation consciousness, volunteers must be more rational in dealing with natural disasters and more mature in dealing with the crisis. Volunteers should be able to fight when they are called in. In the process of growing up, the government should actively guide and promote.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D632.9;D632.5
本文編號(hào)：2500087
[Abstract]:In recent years, natural disasters occur frequently in our country, which seriously damage the safety of people's lives and property. If the emergency response capacity of disasters is not appropriate, it may even affect social stability. In the face of the destructive impact caused by disasters, the government should do a good job of the mainstay, whether in advance early warning, rescue or disaster reduction after the event should give full play to the emergency management response ability, protect people's lives and protect the people's homes. However, with the increase of the scope and complexity of natural disasters, the government emergency management mechanism alone can not fully deal with the crisis, so it is imperative to integrate volunteer forces into the government natural disaster emergency management. However, the social mobilization system in emergency management is relatively weak, volunteers' participation in natural disaster rescue is still scattered, and volunteer management is also chaotic and disorderly. This has become a new problem for the government to improve the emergency management system. Whether the volunteer management can be reasonably improved and the voluntary behavior strengthened is not only the focus of the management academic circles, but also the need to solve the practical problems. In order to meet the increasingly severe situation and challenges of natural disasters in China, it has become the strategic task of natural disaster emergency management in China to perfect the social mobilization mechanism of natural disasters emergency and build a targeted team of professional volunteers. The root of the problems in volunteer management in natural disaster emergency response in China is the imperfect volunteer management mechanism: the operating mechanism of volunteer organizations is not perfect, the coordination mechanism with the government is not perfect, the internal management mechanism is not perfect, the emergency management law and system construction is insufficient, and so on. On the basis of this analysis, according to the daily management of volunteers, the cooperative action in rescue, and the restoration and reconstruction after the event, this paper puts forward some specific design paths, such as establishing volunteer information base, realizing volunteer classified management, unifying and perfecting volunteer action network and strengthening daily training, achieving accurate scheduling in action and continuous maintenance in ex post facto reconstruction. In a word, with the continuous improvement of the national emergency management system and the benign development of citizen participation consciousness, volunteers must be more rational in dealing with natural disasters and more mature in dealing with the crisis. Volunteers should be able to fight when they are called in. In the process of growing up, the government should actively guide and promote.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：電子科技大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：D632.9;D632.5
【參考文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)期刊論文 前2條
1 朱恩濤;關(guān)于建立和健全城市應(yīng)急機(jī)制的幾點(diǎn)思考[J];公安研究;2004年05期
2 龍靜云;李茂平;;民間組織在現(xiàn)代公民社會(huì)中的道德整合功能[J];江漢論壇;2007年11期
，本文編號(hào)：2500087
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