發(fā)布時間：2018-03-07 09:45

  本文選題：技能偏向型技術進步　切入點：人力資本結構　出處：《吉林大學》2013年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：隨著我國經(jīng)濟的持續(xù)高速發(fā)展，經(jīng)濟增長理論成為經(jīng)濟學研究中的熱點問題，近幾十年來，技術進步對經(jīng)濟增長的重要性不言而喻，學者們對于技術進步的研究也愈發(fā)的深入。將技術進步與勞動力技能結構相互作用進行研究表明，目前我國呈現(xiàn)出技能偏向型技術進步的特點，具體表現(xiàn)為技能溢價水平的提高以及技能勞動力需求的增加。在傳統(tǒng)文獻中，技能偏向型技術進步的存在性已經(jīng)得到了定量的證明，并且學者們指出技能偏向型技術進步帶來了技能勞動力需求增長及技能溢價水平提高，但是技能偏向型技術進步對于人力資本結構的影響并沒有得到論證。隨著經(jīng)濟增長理論的逐步完善，人力資本對經(jīng)濟增長的重要作用越來越受到經(jīng)濟學家的關注。在世界經(jīng)濟增長放緩的背景下，為保證我國經(jīng)濟持續(xù)高速發(fā)展，研究技術進步與人力資本之間的關系具有更重要的意義。現(xiàn)有研究中，多以人力資本存量作為衡量人力資本的指標，而隨著人力資本的不斷積累，人力資本結構的合理配置對國家經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的重要意義更為顯著。本文將重點考察人力資本結構。首先通過定義人力資本基尼系數(shù)，并論證其衡量人力資本結構的合理性，并且通過其在全國各省的具體表現(xiàn)解釋其與技能偏向型技術進步的交互效應。本文在現(xiàn)有研究工作的基礎上，對我國技能偏向型技術進步進行更深入的研究和探索。構建并計算各省人力資本基尼系數(shù)，來衡量人力資本結構。通過計算人力資本基尼系數(shù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)樣本期內我國各省的人力資本基尼系數(shù)呈下降趨勢，即各地區(qū)的人力資本結構得到了改善，人們接受進一步教育的機會愈發(fā)平等。 本文通過構建人力資本結構的代理指標人力資本基尼系數(shù)，研究技能偏向型技術進步及人力資本結構的交互效應。本文首先通過建立二階段世代交疊模型，論證了技能偏向型技術進步與人力資本之間的作用關系，考慮到人力資本基尼系數(shù)位于（0,1）區(qū)間的特點，選擇面板數(shù)據(jù)模型分位數(shù)回歸方法估計技能偏向型技術進步及人力資本結構的交互效應，，結果顯示：技能偏向型技術進步對于人力資本結構的影響在人力資本結構的代理指標——人力資本基尼系數(shù)處于較低分位水平時，技能偏向型技術進步能夠促進人力資本結構的合理配置；而當人力資本基尼系數(shù)處于較高分位水平時，技能偏向型技術進步反而不能使人力資本結構得到合理配置，并且技能溢價水平的提高，能夠改善人力資本結構，而技能勞動力需求的增加對于人力資本結構的改善具有負作用。另一方面，人力資本結構的完善有助于提高我國的技能偏向型技術進步，然而這一影響隨著技能偏向型技術進步水平的提高而減弱。
[Abstract]:With the sustained and rapid economic development in China, the theory of economic growth has become a hot issue in economic research. In recent decades, the importance of technological progress to economic growth is self-evident. The research on the interaction between technological progress and the structure of labor skills shows that China has the characteristics of skill-biased technological progress at present. In the traditional literature, the existence of skill-biased technological progress has been quantitatively proved. Moreover, the scholars point out that the technological progress of the skill bias has brought about the increase in the demand for skilled labor and the increase in the level of skill premium. However, the influence of technological progress on the structure of human capital has not been demonstrated. With the gradual improvement of economic growth theory, The important role of human capital in economic growth has been paid more and more attention by economists. Under the background of slowing world economic growth, in order to ensure the sustained and rapid development of China's economy, It is of great significance to study the relationship between technological progress and human capital. In the present research, the stock of human capital is taken as the index to measure human capital, and with the continuous accumulation of human capital, The rational allocation of human capital structure is more significant to the national economic development. This paper will focus on the human capital structure. Firstly, by defining the Gini coefficient of human capital and demonstrating the rationality of its measurement of human capital structure, And through its specific performance in all provinces of the country to explain its interaction with the technical progress of the skill bias. This paper based on the existing research work, In order to measure the structure of human capital by constructing and calculating the Gini coefficient of human capital in every province, the author makes a deeper research and exploration on the technological progress of the skill bias type in China, and calculates the Gini coefficient of human capital. It is found that the Gini coefficient of human capital of all provinces in China has a downward trend in the sample period, that is, the structure of human capital in each region has been improved, and people have more equal opportunities to receive further education. By constructing the Gini coefficient of human capital, a proxy index of human capital structure, this paper studies the technological progress of skill bias and the interaction effect of human capital structure. This paper demonstrates the relationship between the technological progress of skill bias and human capital, considering that the Gini coefficient of human capital is located in the range of 0 / 1). The quantile regression method of panel data model was used to estimate the interaction effect of skill bias and human capital structure. The results show that the influence of skill biased technological progress on human capital structure is found when the Gini coefficient of human capital is at the lower quantile level, which is the proxy index of human capital structure. When the Gini coefficient of human capital is at a higher level, the skill-biased technological progress can not make the human capital structure be allocated reasonably. And the increase of skill premium level can improve the human capital structure, and the increase of skilled labor demand has negative effect on the improvement of human capital structure. On the other hand, The perfection of human capital structure is helpful to improve the technical progress of skill bias in China, but this influence is weakened with the improvement of the level of technical progress of skill bias.
【學位授予單位】：吉林大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F224;F249.21;F124.3

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