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  本文選題：氟化物 + 磷酸鈦�。� 參考：《燕山大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：本文針對吸附材料處理含氟水時出現(xiàn)的吸附效果差、難以重復(fù)利用的問題,成功制備了兩種新型的除氟材料:納米結(jié)構(gòu)的磷酸鈦粉體和大孔陰離子交換樹脂負(fù)載磷酸鈦復(fù)合材料(Ti P-201),并考察了其對氟離子的吸附性能。首先采用了透射電鏡(TEM)、掃描電鏡(SEM)和X射線衍射(XRD)的表征方法對這兩種材料進(jìn)行表征分析,進(jìn)而考察了體系p H值、競爭離子對吸附行為的影響,并完成等溫吸附、動力學(xué)和模擬柱吸附脫附實(shí)驗(yàn)。本研究制備的磷酸鈦粉體是一種納米花狀結(jié)構(gòu)的α晶型Ti(HPO4)2?H2O。Ti P-201復(fù)合材料的透射電鏡和掃描電鏡圖可以看到Ti P-201球體內(nèi)部具有豐富的孔道結(jié)構(gòu),納米磷酸鈦均勻地分布在整個D201的孔道內(nèi)。磷酸鈦粉體在p H=2.0~5.0之間具有較好的除氟效果,最佳吸附p H值為3.0。競爭離子與氟離子的摩爾比為64:1時,磷酸鈦粉體對氟離子的去除率仍保持在45%以上,表明該材料具有很好的選擇吸附性。等溫吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)得出磷酸鈦的最大吸附容量為114.2 mg/g,并且溫度對除氟效果的影響不大。磷酸鈦粉體對氟離子具有較快的吸附速率,吸附平衡時間為60 min。在滿足生活飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(GB 5749-2006)條件下,1 kg磷酸鈦可以處理800 kg的含氟水,吸附飽和時處理含氟水量為1400 kg。Ti P-201最佳吸附p H值為3.0,此時去除率為79.2%,另外p H值更高的堿液可以使Ti P-201脫附再生。競爭離子與氟離子的摩爾比為64:1時,Ti P-201對氟離子的去除率可維持在50%以上,表現(xiàn)出較為明顯的選擇吸附性。等溫吸附實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明實(shí)驗(yàn)溫度對Ti P-201的除氟性能影響不是很大,最大吸附容量為33.8 mg/g。Ti P-201對氟離子的吸附平衡時間為80 min,去除率到達(dá)了61.1%,偽一級動力學(xué)模型能夠更好地?cái)M合Ti P-201的吸附動力學(xué)曲線(R2=0.910)。以WHO飲用水水質(zhì)準(zhǔn)則(氟化物1.5 mg/L)為參照,進(jìn)水氟離子濃度為2 mg/L,流速20 BV/h的情況下,Ti P-201的穿透量為475 BV。采用5%Na OH和5%Na Cl的混合液作為脫附劑,10 BV體積的脫附液就可以使吸附氟離子飽和的Ti P-201脫附率達(dá)到100%。柱吸附-脫附實(shí)驗(yàn)表明Ti P-201吸附劑可以再生循環(huán)利用。Ti P-201復(fù)合材料具有很好的實(shí)際應(yīng)用前景。
[Abstract]:This paper aims at the problem that the adsorption effect of adsorbed materials is poor and it is difficult to reuse when treating fluorine-containing water. Two novel defluorinated materials, titanium phosphate powder with nanostructure and titanium phosphate composite loaded with macroporous anion exchange resin, were successfully prepared and their adsorption properties for fluorine ions were investigated. The methods of transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the two materials. The effects of pH value and competitive ions on the adsorption behavior were investigated, and the isothermal adsorption was completed. Kinetic and simulated column adsorption and desorption experiments. The titanium phosphate powder prepared in this study is a kind of 偽 -crystalline TiPPO _ 4H _ 2H _ 2O 路Ti P-201 composite with a flower-like structure. The TEM and SEM images show that there are abundant pore structures in the Ti P-201 sphere. Nanometer titanium phosphate distributes uniformly in the pore of D201. Titanium phosphate powder has a better defluorination effect between 2.0 and 5.0, and the optimum adsorption pH value is 3.0. When the molar ratio of competing ion to fluorine ion is 64:1, the removal rate of fluoride ion of titanium phosphate powder is still above 45%, which indicates that the material has good selective adsorption. The isothermal adsorption experiment showed that the maximum adsorption capacity of titanium phosphate was 114.2 mg / g, and the temperature had little effect on the defluorination effect. Titanium phosphate powder has a fast adsorption rate for fluorine ions, and the adsorption equilibrium time is 60 min. Under the condition of meeting the sanitary standard of drinking water (GB5749-2006), 1 kg titanium phosphate can be used to treat 800 kg fluorine containing water. The optimum adsorption pH value of 1400 kg 路Ti P-201 is 3.0, and the removal rate is 79.2%. In addition, the desorption of Ti P-201 can be regenerated by lye solution with higher pH value. When the molar ratio of competitive ion to fluorine ion is 64:1, the removal rate of fluorine ion can be maintained at more than 50%. The isothermal adsorption results show that the experimental temperature has little effect on the defluorination performance of Ti P-201. The maximum adsorption capacity is 33.8 mg / g 路Ti P-201 and the adsorption equilibrium time is 80 min, and the removal rate reaches 61.1%. The pseudo-first-order kinetic model can better fit the adsorption kinetics curve of Ti P-201. According to WHO drinking water quality criterion (fluoride 1.5 mg / L), the influent fluoride concentration is 2 mg / L, and the penetration of Ti P-201 is 475 BV at 20 BV / h flow rate. The desorption rate of Ti P-201 adsorbed on fluorine ions can reach 100 by using the mixture of 5 NaOH and 5NaCl as desorption agent 10 BV. The column adsorption-desorption experiment shows that the Ti P-201 adsorbent can regenerate and recycle the composite material.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：燕山大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：TU991.2;TB33

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