發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-23 15:21

  本文選題：表面活性劑 + 離子液體��； 參考：《安徽大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)的快速發(fā)展,各種功能材料因其具有很多用途而受到廣泛的關(guān)注,如羥基磷灰石和金屬有機(jī)框架材料。離子液體因其具有不揮發(fā)、不可燃、導(dǎo)電性強(qiáng)、蒸汽壓小、性質(zhì)穩(wěn)定,對(duì)許多無(wú)機(jī)鹽和有機(jī)物有良好的溶解性等優(yōu)點(diǎn),在電化學(xué)、有機(jī)合成、催化、分離等領(lǐng)域被廣泛的應(yīng)用。本論文在三種新型表面活性劑型離子液體合成、表征及其相關(guān)性能研究的基礎(chǔ)上,以其為模板修飾劑,替代傳統(tǒng)的表面活性劑,制備了羥基磷灰石(HA)納米線、納米棒以及中空的納米球和鈣金屬有機(jī)骨架(MOFs)材料,具體內(nèi)容如下：采用離子交換方法,以四丁基氯化銨和3種經(jīng)典的陰離子表面活性劑(AOT, SDS和AES)為原料,合成三種具有一定表面活性的表面活性劑型離子液體4[C4N]AOT,4[C4N]DS和4[C4N]AES,并通過(guò)核磁共振儀和質(zhì)譜儀對(duì)其進(jìn)行表征。結(jié)果顯示三種表面活性劑型離子液體的臨界膠束濃度,分別為0.0012 mol/L, 0.0024 mol/L和0.0023 mol/L,較相對(duì)應(yīng)的陰離子表面活性劑的臨界膠束濃度明顯減小。通過(guò)透射電鏡(TEM)和動(dòng)態(tài)光散射(DLS)進(jìn)行表征,結(jié)果表明當(dāng)三種表面活性劑型離子液體濃度在超過(guò)其臨界膠束濃度(cmc)時(shí)可以形成1-3 nm的膠束溶液。進(jìn)一步,以所合成的表面活性劑型離子液體4[C4N]DS為模板劑,通過(guò)調(diào)節(jié)溶液pH控制HA的002晶面和021晶面方向的生長(zhǎng),成功制備了具有不同尺寸的HA納米棒和納米線。以合成的離子液體4[C4N]AES為修飾劑,通過(guò)氨水分解產(chǎn)生的氨氣緩慢調(diào)節(jié)體系的pH,成功完成了具有多孔結(jié)構(gòu)的羥基磷灰石納米花球的制備�？疾炝薍A的形成過(guò)程(大塊薄片-納米片狀顆粒-薄片自組裝而成的中空微球)。XRD結(jié)果顯示,開始生成的片狀產(chǎn)物是CaPO3(OH)·2H2O,然后轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)镠A。根據(jù)氮?dú)馕�附脫附�?shí)驗(yàn)說(shuō)明其具有多孔結(jié)構(gòu)。以此微球?yàn)橹亟饘匐x子吸附劑,考察了其對(duì)重金屬Cu2+、Pb2+和Zn2+的去除情況。花球狀HA對(duì)三種重金屬的吸附能力為：Pb2+Cu2+Zn2+。其中對(duì)Pb2+的吸附率達(dá)到99.9%。另外,研究在酸性條件下pH和HA的濃度對(duì)Cu2+去除情況,結(jié)果表明隨著pH和HA的濃度增大,其對(duì)Cu2+去除的越多,當(dāng)HA的濃度達(dá)到1.2g/L時(shí),吸附率達(dá)到94.96%。金屬有機(jī)框架因其具有較大的比表面積、很高的孔隙,孔道結(jié)構(gòu)可以調(diào)節(jié),使其在藥物緩釋、多相催化、磁性材料、光電材料、光化學(xué)催化、氣體吸附和生物傳感等方面的應(yīng)用越來(lái)越多。以表面活性劑型離子液體4[C4N]DS為修飾劑,采用水熱法制備鈣-金屬有機(jī)骨架材料(MOFs)。測(cè)試結(jié)果顯示,通過(guò)改變條件成功獲取了Ca-MOFs納米棒與納米球。以此Ca-MOFs納米球作為載體,對(duì)尼美舒利進(jìn)行載藥并緩釋。Ca-MOFs具有的特殊結(jié)構(gòu)和一定的比表面積有利于載藥,并且可以較好的控制尼美舒利的緩釋達(dá)到較好的藥效。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of social economy, a variety of functional materials, such as hydroxyapatite and organometallic framework materials, have attracted wide attention due to their many applications. Ionic liquids are widely used in the fields of electrochemistry, organic synthesis, catalysis and separation because of their advantages of non-volatile, non-flammable, strong conductivity, low vapor pressure, stable properties and good solubility to many inorganic salts and organic compounds. In this paper, hydroxyapatite (HA) nanowires were prepared by using three new surfactants as template modifiers instead of traditional surfactants on the basis of synthesis, characterization and related properties of three new surfactants. Nanorods as well as hollow nanospheres and calcium metal organic frameworks (MOFs) were prepared by ion exchange method using four Ding Ji ammonium chloride and three classical anionic surfactants (AOT, SDS-AES) as raw materials. Three surfactant ionic liquids 4 [C4N] AOT4 [C4N] DS and 4 [C4N] AESs were synthesized and characterized by NMR and mass spectrometer. The results show that the critical micelle concentrations of the three surfactants are 0.0012 mol / L, 0.0024 mol / L and 0.0023 mol / L, respectively, which are significantly lower than those of the corresponding anionic surfactants. The results of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) show that when the concentration of three surfactant ionic liquids exceeds their critical micelle concentration (cmc), a micellar solution of 1-3 nm can be formed. Furthermore, different sizes of HA nanorods and nanowires were successfully prepared by adjusting the pH of the solution to control the growth of the 002 and 021 directions of HA, using the synthesized surfactant ionic liquid 4 [C4N] DS as the template. The synthesis of hydroxyapatite nanospheres with porous structure was successfully completed by slowly adjusting the pH of the system produced by ammonia decomposition with the synthetic ionic liquid 4 [C 4N] AES as modifier. The formation process of HA (hollow microspheres self-assembled by bulk flakes, nanocrystalline particles and thin sheets) was investigated. XRD results showed that the first flake product was CaPO3 (OH) 2H2O, and then the HA was transformed into HA3 (OH) _ 2H _ 2O. According to nitrogen adsorption and desorption experiments, it has porous structure. The removal of Cu _ (2) Pb _ (2) and Zn _ (2) by microspheres as heavy metal ion adsorbents was investigated. The adsorption ability of flower globular HA for three heavy metals was: 1 / Pb 2Cu 2Zn 2. The adsorption rate of PB2 was 99.9%. In addition, the removal of Cu2 by pH and HA concentration in acidic condition was studied. The results showed that the more Cu2 was removed with the increase of pH and HA concentration, the adsorption rate reached 94.96 when HA concentration reached 1.2 g / L. Because of its large specific surface area, high porosity and pore structure, organometallic frames can be adjusted in drug delivery, heterogeneous catalysis, magnetic materials, optoelectronic materials, photochemical catalysis, Gas adsorption and biosensor are more and more widely used. Using surfactant ionic liquid 4 [C 4N] DS as modifier, calcium metal organic skeleton materials (MOFs) were prepared by hydrothermal method. The results showed that Ca-MOFs nanorods and nanospheres were successfully obtained by changing the conditions. Using Ca-MOFs nanospheres as the carrier, the drug was loaded with nimesulide and sustained release. Ca-MOFs had a special structure and specific surface area, which was beneficial to drug delivery, and could control the sustained release of nimesulide to achieve a better drug effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：安徽大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TQ423;TB383.1

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本文編號(hào)：2057567