發(fā)布時間：2018-09-11 19:37

【摘要】：電力系統(tǒng)備用對于穩(wěn)定系統(tǒng)頻率及電壓、提高用戶供電可靠性、保障電網(wǎng)安全運行具有重要的作用。傳統(tǒng)的系統(tǒng)備用分配方案往往基于確定性準則,例如按系統(tǒng)單機最大容量或系統(tǒng)峰荷的一定比例進行設置。然而,實際工程中采用此類確定性方法可能會使得部分地區(qū)電網(wǎng)備用容量不足、可靠性較差,其它地區(qū)電網(wǎng)則備用容量過剩、經(jīng)濟性較差,加之風電等新能源的不斷并網(wǎng)也給電網(wǎng)的穩(wěn)定運行帶來了不小的沖擊,因此傳統(tǒng)的電網(wǎng)備用分配策略亟待改進。隨著我國經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展,各區(qū)域間的電網(wǎng)互聯(lián)進程也逐漸加快,不同地域的電力系統(tǒng)可以通過區(qū)域間聯(lián)絡線實現(xiàn)電力資源的合理分配及利用,在事故突發(fā)狀態(tài)下各地區(qū)電網(wǎng)可以互為備用相互支援,通過區(qū)域間共享備用的設置,可以在提高系統(tǒng)抗風險能力的同時減少全網(wǎng)所需的備用總量,在一定程度上提高區(qū)域電網(wǎng)運行的安全性與經(jīng)濟性。因此在區(qū)域互聯(lián)電力系統(tǒng)環(huán)境下,兼顧系統(tǒng)的可靠性和經(jīng)濟性,建立計及共享備用容量支持的區(qū)域互聯(lián)系統(tǒng)備用容量分配模型,分析確定適用于互聯(lián)電網(wǎng)環(huán)境下的系統(tǒng)備用容量分配策略,有著重要的理論價值與現(xiàn)實意義。首先,計及系統(tǒng)發(fā)電機組故障停運、負荷預測偏差及風電機組出力偏差等隨機因素對系統(tǒng)運行產(chǎn)生的影響,考慮系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性約束條件,基于系統(tǒng)可靠性機會約束建立了單區(qū)域系統(tǒng)的備用容量分配模型,模型分別在兩種不同情境下考慮了備用分配方案對系統(tǒng)備用成本、系統(tǒng)頻率偏差及系統(tǒng)停電損失產(chǎn)生的影響,并提出了基于改進快速排序技術的變異粒子群算法對其進行求解,以改善模型的求解速度和優(yōu)化結果的性能;其次,計及區(qū)域電網(wǎng)范圍內(nèi)不同子系統(tǒng)的備用需求特點,將區(qū)域電網(wǎng)的類型劃分為三類,基于單區(qū)域系統(tǒng)的研究分析,建立了考慮系統(tǒng)可靠性機會約束的區(qū)域互聯(lián)系統(tǒng)的備用容量分配模型,模型量化了共享備用在區(qū)域聯(lián)絡線間的具體調用過程,采用基于改進快速排序技術的變異粒子群算法進行求解;最后,以IEEE標準測試系統(tǒng)為例,對本文提出的系統(tǒng)備用容量分配模型及求解算法進行了分析驗證,考慮不同優(yōu)化目標的影響,分別得出了單區(qū)域系統(tǒng)及區(qū)域互聯(lián)系統(tǒng)的備用容量分配方案,同時分析了可靠性安全約束、系統(tǒng)負荷量變化及風電并網(wǎng)對系統(tǒng)備用分配結果產(chǎn)生的影響,并針對系統(tǒng)模型中的關鍵參數(shù)進行了敏感度分析。結果表明,與實際電網(wǎng)運行中選用的備用確定性方案比較,采用本文備用容量優(yōu)化策略在保證系統(tǒng)可靠運行的前提下降低了系統(tǒng)所需的備用容量及成本,區(qū)域互聯(lián)系統(tǒng)相較單區(qū)域系統(tǒng)有效地提高了系統(tǒng)的可靠性與經(jīng)濟性,為電力系統(tǒng)備用容量分配策略研究提供了新的思路。
[Abstract]:Power system reserve plays an important role in stabilizing the system frequency and voltage, improving the reliability of power supply, and ensuring the safe operation of power grid. The traditional system standby allocation scheme is usually based on deterministic criteria, such as the maximum capacity of a single machine or a certain proportion of the peak load of the system. However, using this kind of deterministic method in practical engineering may lead to insufficient reserve capacity and poor reliability in some areas, while in other areas, the reserve capacity in other areas is excessive and economical. In addition, the continuous grid connection of new energy sources such as wind power also has a great impact on the stable operation of the power network, so the traditional standby allocation strategy of the power network needs to be improved urgently. With the development of our country's economy, the process of power grid interconnection among different regions is also speeding up gradually. The power system in different regions can realize the rational distribution and utilization of power resources through inter-regional liaison lines. In the emergency state, the regional power network can support each other for each other. By sharing the reserve among the regions, the system can improve the system's ability to resist risks and reduce the total amount of reserve needed by the whole network at the same time. To a certain extent, improve the security and economy of regional power grid operation. Therefore, in the regional interconnected power system environment, taking into account the reliability and economy of the system, a reserve capacity allocation model of the regional interconnected power system considering and sharing backup capacity support is established. It is of great theoretical value and practical significance to analyze and determine the system reserve capacity allocation strategy suitable for the interconnected power network environment. First of all, considering the influence of random factors, such as failure outage, load forecasting deviation and wind turbine output deviation, on the system operation, the stability constraints of the system are considered. Based on the system reliability chance constraint, a reserve capacity allocation model for a single area system is established. The model considers the effects of the standby allocation scheme on the system standby cost, system frequency deviation and system blackout loss in two different scenarios. In order to improve the solution speed of the model and the performance of the optimization results, a modified fast sorting algorithm based on mutation particle swarm optimization algorithm is proposed to solve the problem. Secondly, considering the characteristics of standby requirements of different subsystems in the regional power network, The type of regional power network is divided into three categories. Based on the research and analysis of single area system, the spare capacity allocation model of regional interconnected system considering system reliability opportunity constraint is established. The model quantifies the specific call process of shared standby between the regional tie-lines, and uses the modified fast sorting algorithm to solve the problem. Finally, the IEEE standard test system is taken as an example. This paper analyzes and verifies the system reserve capacity allocation model and its solution algorithm. Considering the influence of different optimization objectives, the reserve capacity allocation schemes of single area system and regional interconnected system are obtained respectively. At the same time, the effects of reliability and safety constraints, system load variation and wind power grid connection on the system reserve allocation results are analyzed, and the sensitivity of the key parameters in the system model is analyzed. The results show that the reserve capacity optimization strategy is adopted to reduce the reserve capacity and the cost of the system on the premise of ensuring the reliable operation of the system, compared with the backup deterministic scheme used in the actual power network operation. Compared with single area system, regional interconnected system improves the reliability and economy of the system effectively, and provides a new idea for the research of reserve capacity allocation strategy in power system.
【學位授予單位】：太原理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TM732

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