發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-24 03:19

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 網(wǎng)格化電磁頻譜寬帶實(shí)時(shí)檢測與分析系統(tǒng) 無線電監(jiān)測 認(rèn)知無線電 頻譜感知 監(jiān)測網(wǎng)絡(luò)節(jié)點(diǎn)布設(shè) 非盲信號制式檢測　出處：《北京郵電大學(xué)》2014年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：電磁頻譜與人民生活密切相關(guān)。日常手機(jī)通信、短信留言、電視廣播、電子商務(wù)、飛機(jī)導(dǎo)航、物聯(lián)網(wǎng)技術(shù)的發(fā)展,無不需要電磁頻譜資源。由于人類自身的感官無法直接感知電磁頻譜,電磁頻譜資源的合理利用與高效管理依賴于電磁頻譜檢測與分析技術(shù)。 電磁頻譜檢測與分析技術(shù)持續(xù)受到國際關(guān)注。上世紀(jì)70年代,該技術(shù)開始應(yīng)用于無線電監(jiān)測與管理領(lǐng)域。然而,隨著通信技術(shù)的迅猛發(fā)展,通信業(yè)務(wù)通常具有頻率寬、功率低、難于探測等特點(diǎn),導(dǎo)致傳統(tǒng)大站制無線電監(jiān)測系統(tǒng)的檢測精度和檢測覆蓋范圍難于得到保障。2011年,網(wǎng)格化電磁頻譜檢測與分析系統(tǒng)的概念被提出。網(wǎng)格化電磁頻譜檢測與分析系統(tǒng)通過布設(shè)抵近檢測目標(biāo)的大量檢測節(jié)點(diǎn),實(shí)現(xiàn)電磁頻譜環(huán)境的精確檢測,并能夠服務(wù)于多種應(yīng)用行業(yè),有效避免重復(fù)建設(shè)檢測系統(tǒng)帶來的額外開銷。 網(wǎng)格化電磁頻譜寬帶實(shí)時(shí)檢測與分析系統(tǒng)的建設(shè)面臨許多問題。首先,檢測頻率范圍很寬,通常達(dá)到3GHz,甚至是6GHz。由于網(wǎng)格化檢測系統(tǒng)需要檢測節(jié)點(diǎn)成本低廉,需要能夠在硬件資源受限條件下對寬頻率范圍進(jìn)行快速檢測的技術(shù)。其次,目前針對寬帶微弱信號的信號檢測方法計(jì)算復(fù)雜度高,需要采集樣點(diǎn)多,難于實(shí)際應(yīng)用在網(wǎng)格化電磁頻譜寬帶實(shí)時(shí)檢測與分析系統(tǒng)中。需要能夠快速處理寬帶微弱信號的檢測算法。此外,構(gòu)建電磁頻譜態(tài)勢等行業(yè)應(yīng)用需求,需要多節(jié)點(diǎn)協(xié)同配合。檢測節(jié)點(diǎn)的布設(shè)位置會影響預(yù)測結(jié)果,需要網(wǎng)格化檢測節(jié)點(diǎn)參數(shù)優(yōu)化機(jī)制。 本文緊密圍繞網(wǎng)格化電磁頻譜寬帶實(shí)時(shí)檢測與分析系統(tǒng)對于電磁頻譜檢測與分析技術(shù)的新需求,通過基于長短期記憶的智能寬頻率范圍檢測方案、針對寬帶微弱信號的檢測算法以及檢測節(jié)點(diǎn)最佳部署方案,旨在提升網(wǎng)格化電磁頻譜寬帶實(shí)時(shí)檢測與分析系統(tǒng)寬帶微弱信號檢測能力、寬頻率范圍檢測實(shí)時(shí)性和多節(jié)點(diǎn)檢測覆蓋范圍。歸納來說,本文研究的內(nèi)容主要包括以下4個(gè)方面： (1)提出網(wǎng)格化電磁頻譜寬帶實(shí)時(shí)檢測與分析系統(tǒng)的構(gòu)建方法�；�于實(shí)地測量,研究網(wǎng)格化電磁頻譜寬帶實(shí)時(shí)檢測系統(tǒng)的運(yùn)行機(jī)制。證明基于多點(diǎn)協(xié)作的模型修正法具有準(zhǔn)確度最高的頻譜態(tài)勢構(gòu)建能力。在實(shí)驗(yàn)過程中,發(fā)現(xiàn)網(wǎng)格化電磁頻譜檢測與分析系統(tǒng)急需能夠快速處理寬帶微弱信號的檢測技術(shù)、能夠?qū)�寬頻率范圍進(jìn)行快速檢測的技術(shù),以及多檢測節(jié)點(diǎn)參數(shù)優(yōu)化機(jī)制。 (2)研究寬帶微弱信號快速檢測技術(shù),提出3種針對電視信號實(shí)時(shí)檢測算法。成功將這些算法應(yīng)用于電磁頻譜寬帶實(shí)時(shí)檢測與分析系統(tǒng)中。通過實(shí)際測量,證明這些算法能夠在低信噪比條件下達(dá)到較高的檢測準(zhǔn)確率,并具有檢測實(shí)時(shí)性強(qiáng)、算法復(fù)雜度低、采樣點(diǎn)數(shù)少的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 (3)研究寬頻率范圍快速檢測技術(shù)。根據(jù)頻域稀疏性特征,提出能夠以低于奈奎斯特采樣率對電視頻段進(jìn)行快速信道占用度測量的方法,通過仿真驗(yàn)證其具有速度快,壓縮率高,計(jì)算復(fù)雜度低的特性。提出基于長短期記憶的智能寬頻率范圍檢測方案,應(yīng)用于網(wǎng)格化電磁頻譜寬帶實(shí)時(shí)檢測與分析系統(tǒng)的信道占用度測量,能夠有效解決當(dāng)前寬頻率范圍順序檢測方案存在的諸多問題。根據(jù)實(shí)際測量數(shù)據(jù),證明基于長短期記憶的智能寬頻率范圍檢測方案具有檢測時(shí)間短、測量精確高、能夠快速偵測信道占用模式變化的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。 (4)研究網(wǎng)格化多檢測節(jié)點(diǎn)參數(shù)優(yōu)化機(jī)制,研究多檢測節(jié)點(diǎn)協(xié)同配合對檢測覆蓋面積的提升,證明正六邊形節(jié)點(diǎn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)布局是網(wǎng)格化電磁頻譜寬帶實(shí)時(shí)檢測與分析系統(tǒng)的最優(yōu)布局方案,能夠在保證檢測精度的情況下提升全頻段目標(biāo)信號檢測覆蓋面積和定位功能面積。
[Abstract]:Closely related with people's daily life. The electromagnetic spectrum of mobile phone communication, SMS messages, television broadcasting, electronic commerce, aircraft navigation, the development of networking technology, all need the electromagnetic spectrum resources. Because the human senses cannot perceive the electromagnetic spectrum, the rational use of the electromagnetic spectrum resources and efficient management depends on the electromagnetic spectrum detection and analysis technology.
The electromagnetic spectrum detection and analysis technology of sustained international attention. In 70s, the technique has been applied in the field of radio monitoring and management. However, with the rapid development of communication technology, communication service generally has a wide frequency range, low power characteristics, it is difficult to detect and guide the detection precision and the detection caused by traditional station system radio monitoring system coverage it is difficult to guarantee the range of.2011 years, the concept of grid electromagnetic spectrum detection and analysis system is proposed. The grid electromagnetic spectrum detection and analysis system by a large number of detection points approaching target detection section, to achieve accurate detection of the electromagnetic spectrum environment, and can serve many applications, effectively avoid the additional overhead duplication detection system.
The construction of grid broadband electromagnetic spectrum detection and analysis system is facing many problems. First, the detection frequency range is very wide, usually reach 3GHz, or even 6GHz. because the grid detection system detection node cost is low, need to be able to detect the technology of wide frequency range in the condition of limited hardware resources. Secondly, according to the current signal detection method of wideband weak signals of high computational complexity, need to collect sample points, the actual application of the electromagnetic spectrum to broadband real-time detection and analysis system in the grid. Detection algorithm can fast broadband weak signal. In addition, the construction situation of the electromagnetic spectrum application requirements and other industries, requires multi node location coordination. The detecting node will affect the prediction results of gridding node detection parameter optimization mechanism.
This dissertation focuses on the grid broadband electromagnetic spectrum detection and analysis system for the new requirements of the electromagnetic spectrum detection and analysis technology, through the intelligent wide frequency range of short and long term memory detection scheme based on the broadband weak signal detection algorithm and detection optimal node deployment scheme, designed to enhance grid electromagnetic spectrum detection and analysis system of broadband broadband weak signal detection ability, wide frequency range of real-time detection and multi node detection coverage. In general, the contents of this paper include the following 4 aspects:
(1) proposed the construction method of real-time detection and analysis system of grid broadband electromagnetic spectrum. Based on field measurements, the operating mechanism of the real-time detection system of grid broadband electromagnetic spectrum. That multi-point collaboration model updating method based on frequency spectrum has the highest accuracy situation construction ability. During the experiment, found that the detection technology of grid the electromagnetic spectrum detection and analysis system needs to be able to quickly deal with broadband weak signal, can rapid detection technology of wide frequency range, and detection node parameter optimization mechanism.
(2) the rapid detection technology of broadband weak signal, puts forward 3 kinds of real-time detection algorithm of television signals. These successful algorithms are applied to real-time detection and analysis system of broadband electromagnetic spectrum. Through actual measurement proves that the detection accuracy rate of these algorithms can achieve high in low SNR condition, and has real-time detection strong, low computational complexity, advantages of small number of sampling.
(3) the rapid detection technology. Research on a wide range of frequency according to the frequency domain sparsity characteristic, put forward to rate on TV band fast channel occupancy method to measure the degree of sampling at less than Nyquist, through the simulation of its high speed, high compression rate, calculation of the characteristics of low complexity. The proposed intelligent wide frequency range of short and long term memory the detection scheme based on channel applied to grid broadband electromagnetic spectrum detection and analysis system for measuring the occupancy rate of, can effectively solve the current problems existing in a wide range of frequency sequential detection scheme. According to the actual measurement data, proved that the intelligent wide frequency range detection scheme based on short and long term memory has short detection time, high measuring accuracy, can the advantages of rapid detection of channel occupation mode changes.
(4) research on grid mechanism parameters optimization of multi node detection, multi detection node coordination of detection coverage, prove that the regular hexagonal node network layout is the optimal layout scheme of real-time detection and analysis system of grid broadband electromagnetic spectrum, can ensure detection accuracy under the condition of improving the whole band target signal detection coverage the area and location function area.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京郵電大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM935.1

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本文編號：1459026