發(fā)布時間：2018-01-24 09:33

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 電力系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)估計 OpenMP技術(shù) 節(jié)點(diǎn)分配法 網(wǎng)絡(luò)分割 并行計算　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：電力系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)估計在現(xiàn)代電力系統(tǒng)中有著很重要的實(shí)用性意義，它是電力網(wǎng)絡(luò)中電能管理系統(tǒng)（Energy Management System，EMS）關(guān)鍵性的組成部分。狀態(tài)估計主要是電力系統(tǒng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)實(shí)現(xiàn)在線調(diào)控，進(jìn)行經(jīng)濟(jì)調(diào)度，達(dá)到安全評估，為電力網(wǎng)絡(luò)系統(tǒng)的下一步?jīng)Q策提供精確實(shí)時的操作和運(yùn)行數(shù)據(jù)，為電網(wǎng)的工作人員提供指導(dǎo)，因此它的實(shí)用性作用不容忽略，具有重要的研究價值。電力系統(tǒng)中狀態(tài)估計理論基礎(chǔ)和實(shí)踐應(yīng)用發(fā)展迅速，技術(shù)水平得到了大幅度的提高，然而，隨著電網(wǎng)規(guī)模的不斷擴(kuò)大，這就讓電網(wǎng)的各項(xiàng)指標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)在進(jìn)行分析時需要處理的計算量也逐步增加，，很多問題也就顯現(xiàn)出來。目前，電力系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)估計的算法雖說在不斷提高，但還存在一定的弊端，比如計算速度、內(nèi)存占用以及收斂可靠性也不盡如人意。近幾年來，隨著計算機(jī)硬件的發(fā)展，使得并行計算的優(yōu)勢顯露出來，因此，目前對電力系統(tǒng)的并行研究也越來越多。 本文介紹了電力系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)估計研究背景及意義，闡述狀態(tài)估計目前的發(fā)展動態(tài)和應(yīng)用的新技術(shù)，對狀態(tài)估計的數(shù)學(xué)模型進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)描述，分析較為常用的經(jīng)典的電力系統(tǒng)狀態(tài)估計算法，對它們的原理和特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行研究比較。 采用并行的原理進(jìn)行分析，利用OpenMP(Open Multi-Processing)編程模式，結(jié)合實(shí)際電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)的特點(diǎn)，進(jìn)行了基于OpenMP編程環(huán)境下的并行算法研究。算法的改進(jìn)主要表現(xiàn)在兩方面：一方面是通過對原有最小二乘法的串行算法結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行分析，根據(jù)原始的串行程序的結(jié)構(gòu)特點(diǎn)，利用OpenMP的數(shù)據(jù)并行化編譯語句，對線性方程組矩陣的求和以及矩陣乘積的進(jìn)行并行改寫；另一方面對實(shí)際的網(wǎng)絡(luò)特點(diǎn)進(jìn)行分析，根據(jù)編譯環(huán)境的運(yùn)行特點(diǎn)，對網(wǎng)絡(luò)進(jìn)行分割，將整體系統(tǒng)劃分為兩個子系統(tǒng)，利用工作分區(qū)編譯指令進(jìn)行程序改寫，實(shí)現(xiàn)粗粒度的模塊化并行。此外，編程工作中也采用了一些提升并行性能的方法，盡量較小開銷。 本文在Visual Studio2008的平臺和Intel Fortran11的編譯環(huán)境中進(jìn)行程序的改進(jìn)，然后不同規(guī)模的網(wǎng)絡(luò)算例進(jìn)行試驗(yàn)，對基于OpenMP編譯環(huán)境的改進(jìn)后并行程序的數(shù)據(jù)結(jié)果進(jìn)行分析，驗(yàn)證改進(jìn)后并行算法的有效性。
[Abstract]:Power system state estimation is of great practical significance in modern power system. It is an energy Management System in power network. The key component of EMS. state estimation is to realize on-line regulation and control of power system network, to carry out economic dispatch and to achieve security evaluation. It provides accurate and real-time operation and operation data for the next decision of power network system, and provides guidance for the staff of power network, so its practicability can not be ignored. It has important research value. The theory foundation and practical application of state estimation in power system have developed rapidly, and the technical level has been greatly improved. However, with the continuous expansion of power grid scale. As a result, the amount of calculation needed to be dealt with in the analysis of the grid index data increases gradually, and many problems appear. At present, the algorithm of power system state estimation is improving. However, there are still some drawbacks, such as computing speed, memory usage and convergence reliability are not satisfactory. In recent years, with the development of computer hardware, the advantages of parallel computing are revealed. At present, there are more and more parallel researches on power system. This paper introduces the research background and significance of power system state estimation, describes the current development and application of state estimation, and describes the mathematical model of state estimation in detail. The classical power system state estimation algorithms are analyzed, and their principles and characteristics are studied and compared. The parallel principle is adopted, and the programming mode of OpenMP(Open Multi-Processingis used to combine the characteristics of the actual power grid system. The research of parallel algorithm based on OpenMP programming environment is carried out. The improvement of the algorithm is mainly in two aspects: on the one hand, through the analysis of the original structure of the serial algorithm of the least square method. According to the structural characteristics of the original serial program, the summation of linear equations matrix and the parallel rewriting of matrix product are carried out by using the data parallelization of OpenMP. On the other hand, the characteristics of the actual network are analyzed. According to the running characteristics of the compiling environment, the network is divided into two subsystems, and the program is rewritten by compiling instructions in the working area. The coarse-grained modularization parallelism is implemented. In addition, some methods to improve the parallel performance are used in the programming work to minimize the overhead. This paper improves the program in the platform of Visual Studio2008 and the compiling environment of Intel Fortran11, and then carries on the experiment with the network example of different scale. The data results of the improved parallel program based on OpenMP compile environment are analyzed to verify the effectiveness of the improved parallel algorithm.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號】：TM73

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