基于PSCAD的直流微電網(wǎng)建模及控制策略研究
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-29 14:31
【摘要】：當(dāng)今世界由于環(huán)境嚴(yán)重污染、能源日益緊缺等危機(jī)日益凸顯,傳統(tǒng)大電網(wǎng)的發(fā)展將面臨著許多問(wèn)題。在這種情況下,分布式電源以一種清潔可再生能源的形式成為未來(lái)電力系統(tǒng)發(fā)展的重要推動(dòng)力。除了具備保護(hù)環(huán)境和可再生的優(yōu)勢(shì)之外,分布式能源還可以就地消耗電能、節(jié)省輸變電費(fèi)用,但分布式電源的隨機(jī)波動(dòng)性大、可控性差、單機(jī)接入成本高,這些缺陷制約了分布式電源的發(fā)展,限制了分布式電源對(duì)大電網(wǎng)的高滲透率,嚴(yán)重影響了分布式電源的效能發(fā)揮。微電網(wǎng)的引入,為解決分布式電源與大電網(wǎng)之間的矛盾提供了新的方法。微電網(wǎng)的形式主要分為交流微電網(wǎng)和直流微電網(wǎng),直流微電網(wǎng)以其控制簡(jiǎn)單、損耗較小等優(yōu)勢(shì)成為了現(xiàn)今研究的焦點(diǎn),因此本文以直流微電網(wǎng)作為研究對(duì)象。本文研究了多種分布式電源和儲(chǔ)能裝置的原理,綜合分析了各自的性能特點(diǎn)和控制方法,依據(jù)數(shù)學(xué)模型在PSCAD電力系統(tǒng)仿真平臺(tái)上分別建立了光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)模型、直驅(qū)永磁風(fēng)機(jī)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)模型、鉛酸蓄電池儲(chǔ)能模型和交流大電網(wǎng)模型。通過(guò)直流母線將各電源模型與系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷連接在一起,構(gòu)成直流微電網(wǎng)模型。為驗(yàn)證微電網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)模型的穩(wěn)定性,對(duì)光伏發(fā)電系統(tǒng)模型、直驅(qū)永磁風(fēng)機(jī)發(fā)電系統(tǒng)模型、鉛酸蓄電池儲(chǔ)能模型和交流大電網(wǎng)模型進(jìn)行狀態(tài)空間建模。根據(jù)微網(wǎng)系統(tǒng)模型的組成結(jié)構(gòu),將各狀態(tài)空間方程聯(lián)立成微分方程組,應(yīng)用李雅普諾夫穩(wěn)定性分析法分析了系統(tǒng)的穩(wěn)定性。針對(duì)當(dāng)前直流微電網(wǎng)控制中存在的一些缺陷,提出了一種基于預(yù)測(cè)的直流微電網(wǎng)控制策略,將控制策略應(yīng)用于所建立的直流微電網(wǎng)模型中,設(shè)計(jì)了可以測(cè)試該控制策略有效性的情境。通過(guò)開(kāi)啟預(yù)測(cè)和關(guān)閉預(yù)測(cè)時(shí)母線電壓波動(dòng)的對(duì)比仿真實(shí)驗(yàn),驗(yàn)證了該控制策略在并網(wǎng)運(yùn)行轉(zhuǎn)換為孤島運(yùn)行、有較大光照強(qiáng)度變化、有較大負(fù)荷接入或切除時(shí),具有預(yù)測(cè)和平緩直流母線電壓波動(dòng)的功能。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, due to the serious environmental pollution and the increasing shortage of energy in the world, the development of the traditional power grid will face many problems. In this case, distributed power generation as a clean and renewable energy becomes an important driving force for the development of power systems in the future. In addition to the advantages of environmental protection and renewable, distributed energy can consume electricity locally and save the cost of transmission and transformation. However, the random volatility of distributed power supply is large, the controllability is poor, and the cost of single machine access is high. These defects restrict the development of distributed generation, limit the high permeability of distributed generation to large power grid, and seriously affect the efficiency of distributed generation. The introduction of microgrid provides a new method to solve the contradiction between distributed generation and large power grid. The microgrid is mainly divided into AC microgrid and DC microgrid. The DC microgrid has become the focus of research because of its advantages of simple control and low loss, so this paper takes DC microgrid as the research object. In this paper, the principles of various distributed power sources and energy storage devices are studied, and their performance characteristics and control methods are comprehensively analyzed. Based on the mathematical model, the photovoltaic power system models are established on the PSCAD power system simulation platform, respectively. Direct drive permanent magnet fan generation system model, lead acid battery energy storage model and AC large grid model. Each power supply model is connected with the system load by DC busbar to form a DC microgrid model. In order to verify the stability of the microgrid system model, the state space models of photovoltaic system model, direct-drive permanent magnet fan system model, lead-acid battery energy storage model and AC large grid model were established. According to the structure of the microgrid system model, the state space equations are combined into differential equations, and the stability of the system is analyzed by Lyapunov stability analysis method. Aiming at some defects in DC microgrid control, a predictive based DC microgrid control strategy is proposed. The control strategy is applied to the established DC microgrid model. A situation is designed to test the effectiveness of the control strategy. Through the comparative simulation experiments of bus voltage fluctuation during the open and off prediction, it is verified that the control strategy can be changed into island operation in grid-connected operation, and the light intensity is changed greatly, and when the load is connected or cut off, the control strategy can be obtained. It has the function of predicting and smoothing DC bus voltage fluctuation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM727
[Abstract]:Nowadays, due to the serious environmental pollution and the increasing shortage of energy in the world, the development of the traditional power grid will face many problems. In this case, distributed power generation as a clean and renewable energy becomes an important driving force for the development of power systems in the future. In addition to the advantages of environmental protection and renewable, distributed energy can consume electricity locally and save the cost of transmission and transformation. However, the random volatility of distributed power supply is large, the controllability is poor, and the cost of single machine access is high. These defects restrict the development of distributed generation, limit the high permeability of distributed generation to large power grid, and seriously affect the efficiency of distributed generation. The introduction of microgrid provides a new method to solve the contradiction between distributed generation and large power grid. The microgrid is mainly divided into AC microgrid and DC microgrid. The DC microgrid has become the focus of research because of its advantages of simple control and low loss, so this paper takes DC microgrid as the research object. In this paper, the principles of various distributed power sources and energy storage devices are studied, and their performance characteristics and control methods are comprehensively analyzed. Based on the mathematical model, the photovoltaic power system models are established on the PSCAD power system simulation platform, respectively. Direct drive permanent magnet fan generation system model, lead acid battery energy storage model and AC large grid model. Each power supply model is connected with the system load by DC busbar to form a DC microgrid model. In order to verify the stability of the microgrid system model, the state space models of photovoltaic system model, direct-drive permanent magnet fan system model, lead-acid battery energy storage model and AC large grid model were established. According to the structure of the microgrid system model, the state space equations are combined into differential equations, and the stability of the system is analyzed by Lyapunov stability analysis method. Aiming at some defects in DC microgrid control, a predictive based DC microgrid control strategy is proposed. The control strategy is applied to the established DC microgrid model. A situation is designed to test the effectiveness of the control strategy. Through the comparative simulation experiments of bus voltage fluctuation during the open and off prediction, it is verified that the control strategy can be changed into island operation in grid-connected operation, and the light intensity is changed greatly, and when the load is connected or cut off, the control strategy can be obtained. It has the function of predicting and smoothing DC bus voltage fluctuation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：東北大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：TM727
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