發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-31 08:00

【摘要】：目前能源危機(jī)和環(huán)境污染嚴(yán)重威脅著人類的生存和可持續(xù)發(fā)展，為緩解能源危機(jī)和維護(hù)人類的生存環(huán)境，人們一方面大規(guī)模開發(fā)和利用太陽能和風(fēng)能等新能源進(jìn)行發(fā)電；另一方面大力開發(fā)和生產(chǎn)以電能為主要能源的電動(dòng)車輛等交通工具，以實(shí)現(xiàn)車輛尾氣的零排放。為了保證蓄電池安全、可靠的使用，以及提高成組后蓄電池的性能，電池管理系統(tǒng)成為風(fēng)光儲(chǔ)能蓄電池系統(tǒng)和電動(dòng)車輛動(dòng)力蓄電池系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)，而電池均衡管理更是電池管理系統(tǒng)的核心技術(shù)和當(dāng)前研究的重點(diǎn)。結(jié)合這一背景，本論文主要針對(duì)蓄電池組均衡器及均衡策略展開研究。主要內(nèi)容包括以下幾部分： 1）闡述了動(dòng)力蓄電池和儲(chǔ)能蓄電池的發(fā)展現(xiàn)狀和市場應(yīng)用動(dòng)態(tài)。在分析各種蓄電池基礎(chǔ)上，對(duì)電池管理系統(tǒng)的各部分功能進(jìn)行了簡要概述。電池均衡管理為電池管理系統(tǒng)的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一，本文對(duì)目前存在的幾種典型的蓄電池均衡方案進(jìn)行了綜述，分析了各種均衡方案的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。 2）論文提出了一種基于LC振蕩電路的新的均衡拓?fù)潆娐�，利用LC振蕩電路提高電容的電壓，從而克服了單獨(dú)以電容為儲(chǔ)能元件的均衡方案能量轉(zhuǎn)移困難的缺陷。由于上述均衡電路損耗大，均衡電流不易控制，在此基礎(chǔ)上對(duì)上述均衡電路進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)，仿真實(shí)驗(yàn)證明改進(jìn)后的均衡電路的能量轉(zhuǎn)移效率明顯提高。論文對(duì)已有的基于cuk的均衡電路進(jìn)行了改進(jìn)，將開關(guān)器件的數(shù)目減小一倍，開關(guān)器件的驅(qū)動(dòng)電路大大簡化。 3）論文提出了一種電池組內(nèi)均衡充放電均衡器，它由橋式開關(guān)矩陣和一個(gè)電感組成，均衡能量在電池組內(nèi)部的各個(gè)單體電池之間轉(zhuǎn)移，均衡電流可控，被均衡的單體電池可選，且均衡能量是雙向的。為了進(jìn)一步提高電池組的放電容量，使均衡器更易實(shí)現(xiàn)，，在上述均衡器中引入電源，提出了電池組充電內(nèi)均衡和放電外均衡均衡器，電池放電時(shí)的均衡策略改變，均衡能量來自電池組外部的均衡器。為了簡化充電均衡電路的開關(guān)控制，在電池組充電內(nèi)均衡和放電外均衡均衡器中加入了一個(gè)續(xù)流二極管，提出了電池組外均衡充放電均衡器，均衡能量在電池組和均衡器之間雙向轉(zhuǎn)移，開關(guān)控制更簡單、均衡器更易實(shí)現(xiàn)。 4）采用電池組外均衡充放電均衡器及均衡策略，對(duì)四個(gè)串聯(lián)的磷酸鐵鋰電池進(jìn)行了充放電均衡實(shí)驗(yàn)，實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明各個(gè)單體電池的不一致程度大大改善，并且整個(gè)電池組的充放電容量也得到了提高。
[Abstract]:The current energy crisis and environmental pollution seriously threaten the survival and sustainable development of mankind. In order to alleviate the energy crisis and maintain the human living environment, on the one hand, people develop and utilize new energy such as solar energy and wind energy to generate electricity on a large scale. On the other hand, we develop and produce electric vehicles with electric energy as the main energy, so as to achieve zero emission of vehicle exhaust. In order to ensure the safe and reliable use of batteries, and improve the performance of the battery, battery management system has become the key technology of solar energy storage battery system and electric vehicle power battery system. Battery balance management is the core technology of battery management system and the focus of current research. Based on this background, this thesis mainly focuses on the equalizer and equalization strategy of battery group. The main contents are as follows: 1) the development status and market application of power battery and energy storage battery are described. Based on the analysis of various batteries, the functions of each part of the battery management system are briefly summarized. Battery balance management is one of the key technologies of battery management system. In this paper, several typical battery equalization schemes are reviewed, and their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. 2) A new equalization topology circuit based on LC oscillation circuit is proposed in this paper. The LC oscillation circuit is used to increase the voltage of the capacitor, which overcomes the difficulty of energy transfer in the equalization scheme which takes the capacitor as the energy storage element alone. Due to the loss of the equalization circuit is large and the equalization current is difficult to control, the energy transfer efficiency of the improved equalization circuit is obviously improved by the simulation experiment. In this paper, the existing equalization circuit based on cuk is improved, the number of switch devices is reduced by twice, and the drive circuit of switch device is greatly simplified. 3) A balanced charging and discharging equalizer is proposed, which consists of a bridge switch matrix and an inductor. The equalization energy is transferred between the individual cells in the battery pack, and the equalization current is controllable. The balanced single cell is optional, and the equalization energy is bidirectional. In order to further improve the discharge capacity of the battery pack and make the equalizer easier to be realized, the power supply is introduced into the equalizer, and the equalizer inside and outside the battery charge is proposed, and the equalization strategy of the battery during discharge is changed. The equalization energy comes from the equalizer outside the battery pack. In order to simplify the switch control of the charging equalization circuit, a rechargeable diode is added to the internal equalization and discharge external equalizer of the battery pack, and a charging and discharging equalizer outside the battery pack is proposed. The equalization energy transfers between the battery pack and the equalizer, the switch control is simpler, and the equalizer is easier to realize. 4) the charging and discharging equalization experiments of four lithium iron phosphate batteries in series were carried out by using the equalizer and equalization strategy. The experimental results show that the inconsistency of each single cell is greatly improved. The charge and discharge capacity of the whole battery pack has also been improved.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：天津大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：TM912

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本文編號(hào)：2301456