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  本文關鍵詞： 山2段 “四性”關系 測井 致密砂巖氣層 分類評價　出處：《成都理工大學》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：大牛地氣田屬于非均質性很強的致密砂巖氣藏,位于鄂爾多斯盆地東北部塔巴廟地區(qū),構造部位處于伊陜斜坡上,構造平緩,砂巖儲層致密,且斷層不發(fā)育。山西期沉積環(huán)境屬入湖辮狀河三角洲平原沉積,不同時期砂體遷移較為明顯,儲層縱橫向非均質性較強,隨著勘探開發(fā)程度的增加,動用程度日益增加,動用難度日益增大,因此對于砂巖儲層特征的詳細評價顯得尤為重要。本文旨在以前人前期儲層評價與油氣識別方法及技術攻關的為基礎,對山2段儲層的“四性”關系進行分析與研究,利用氣田積累的大量巖芯、測井、錄井資料,描述儲層氣藏基礎地質特征,并結合氣層開發(fā)特征,建立合理的分級評價標準,對大牛地山西組山2段氣層進行綜合評價,明確產層下限,并對儲層進行分級評價,弄清山2段各小層氣層的平面分布特征。根據現場22口井的取心資料的描述以及384個砂巖薄片和鑄體薄片的觀察研究,本區(qū)山2段的砂巖類型以石英巖屑砂巖、巖屑石英砂巖為主,成巖作用復雜,孔隙類型多樣,以原生剩余孔隙、次生溶蝕孔隙為主要的孔隙類型。山2段孔隙度主值區(qū)間在2%~8%,單峰主要在4%~8%內,約占總體的45%,孔隙度約為6.49%。從滲透率來看,滲透率最大值達到0.48×10-3μm 2,最小0.1×10-3um2。并結合巖壓汞資料分析認為山2段多出現Ⅱ、Ⅲ類氣層,巖性多以中-細粒砂巖為主,砂巖孔隙結構特征屬于分選中等~較差,結構較差。在儲層特征分析的基礎上,對山2段80余口井的“四性”關系進行研究發(fā)現,(1)從巖電關系來看,山2段優(yōu)質氣層由于泥質含量稍高,容易發(fā)生井壁不穩(wěn)定而破壞的情況,聲波曲線出現周波跳躍,導致解釋孔滲不準確。(2)從巖性-物性的關系來看,山2段沉積能量總體偏低,優(yōu)質砂體占比較低,儲層沉積形成的巖石學特征變化不足以導致孔隙物性的變化。(3)從物性-含氣性特征來看,在成藏組合中,山西組屬于源內成藏組合,在源內成藏組合中,運移通道和氣源條件的影響更為微弱,受物性影響較為明顯,這也造成了山2段物性分布較為集中且差,因此總體與含氣性關系不明顯。在“四性”關系研究的基礎上,建立了泥質、孔隙度、滲透率、含氣飽和度的測井解釋模型。并進一步對氣層進行評價,通過綜合評價和測井響應-孔滲的擬合等手段確立山2段儲層物性下限為孔隙度5%,滲透率分別為為0.14×10-3μm 2,建立了氣層分級評價的標準:Ⅰ類氣層—孔隙度和滲透率不低于7%,0.3×10-3μm2,含氣飽和度大于65%,屬于高產區(qū);Ⅱ類氣層標準—孔隙度7%~10%,滲透率(0.3~1)×10-3μm 2,含氣飽和度55%~70%,屬于中產區(qū);Ⅲ類氣層標準—孔隙度和滲透率低于8%,0.6×10-3μm 2,含氣飽和度小于65%,屬于低產區(qū);Ⅳ類氣層標準—孔隙度小于5%,滲透率小于0.14×10-3μm 2,含氣飽和度低于50%。大牛地山西組山2段的穩(wěn)產氣層多發(fā)育于砂體穩(wěn)定分布的地區(qū),厚度較大的地層,橫向連續(xù)性較好,S2-1的Ⅰ類氣層基本均散布在中西部,分為1-1-35、1-3-7、1-1-68、1-2-9、1-2-10五口井附近,Ⅱ類氣層在大12、大15井區(qū)范圍分布相對集中,Ⅲ類氣層在大47井區(qū)和大66井區(qū)、大4井區(qū)零星分布,可以看出分布范圍受砂體控制明顯,平面非均質性極強,氣層側向連續(xù)性差,在2-5km范圍具有一定對比性。S2-2相比S2-1氣層分布,Ⅱ類氣層分布范圍更大,Ⅰ類氣層主要有東北大55、中部大13、西南1-4-27、1-4-17這四個范圍,Ⅱ類氣層約占Ⅲ類氣層的一半,主要分布在南北向的河道內,分為中部-西部的大44-大16-大31-大38-大開14一線和中北-中南部的大28-大32-大8-大13-大22-大61一線,西南部的大77和大84井附近,Ⅲ類氣層除西北大90井區(qū)、東北大57井區(qū)、西南大74井、大121、大63井附近以外,其他區(qū)域分布范圍與Ⅱ類氣層基本一致,平面非均質性仍較強,其內存在大量物性和巖性封隔帶。
[Abstract]:Daniudi gas field belongs to the high heterogeneity of tight sandstone gas reservoir, located in the northeast of Ordos in Tabamiao area, construction site in Yishan slope, gentle structure, tight sandstone reservoir, and faults are not developed. Shanxi period sedimentary environment into the lake belongs to braided river delta plain sedimentary sand bodies in different periods of migration obviously, horizontal reservoir heterogeneity, with the increase of exploration degree, development degree is increasing, with increasing difficulty, so for a detailed evaluation of sandstone reservoir characteristics is very important. This paper aims at the previous stage of oil and gas reservoir evaluation and identification methods and technology research based on the mountain 2 reservoir "four" relationship analysis and research, a large number of cores, the accumulation of gas logging, logging data, reservoir description and geological characteristics of gas reservoirs, combined with the development characteristics of gas layer, set up Reasonable grading evaluation criteria, comprehensive evaluation of Daniudi Shanxi group Shan 2 gas reservoir, clear reservoir limit, and classification and evaluation of reservoir, the plane distribution of clear mountain 2 segments of each small layer reservoir. According to the core data description of 22 wells and 384 pieces of thin sandstone and casting slice observation, the 2 section of the mountain type quartz sandstone lithic sandstone, lithic quartz sandstone, complex diagenesis, pore types, native residual pore, secondary pores are the main pore types. The main value of Shan 2 porosity in the range of 2%~8%, the main peak in 4%~8%, ca. accounted for 45% of the total, the porosity is about 6.49%. from the point of view of permeability, permeability reached the maximum value of 0.48 * 10-3 M 2, a minimum of 0.1 * 10-3um2. and in combination with the mercury data analysis that Shan 2 more II, class III reservoir, lithology in fine grained sandstone, sandstone The pore structure characteristics belonging to the sorting medium is poor, poor structure. On the basis of analyzing reservoir characteristics, on the mountain 2 section of more than 80 wells "four" the relationship between the study found that (1) from the rock electricity relation, Shan 2 reservoir quality because the clay content is slightly higher, not prone to the wall stable and destroyed, acoustic curve frequency hopping, resulting in inaccurate interpretation of porosity and permeability. (2) the relationship between lithologic properties, Shan 2 energy deposition is generally low, high quality sand body is relatively low, the change of reservoir sedimentary petrology formation is not enough to cause changes in pore properties. (3) from the gas - characteristics, in reservoir combination, Shanxi group belongs to the source reservoir combination within source reservoir combination, influence the migration channel and source condition is more weak, the physical effects are more obvious, this is caused by the physical distribution is Shan 2 the concentration and the poor, so the total Relationship between the body and the gas content is not obvious. In the "four basic research" on the relation established mud, porosity, permeability, gas saturation interpretation model. And further evaluation of the reservoir, through the comprehensive evaluation and well logging response - porosity and permeability of the fitting is used to establish 2 mountain reservoir for the lower limit of porosity is 5%, permeability were 0.14 * 10-3 M 2, to establish the gas grade evaluation standard: class I - reservoir porosity and permeability of not less than 7%, 0.3 * 10-3 m2, the gas saturation is greater than 65%, which belongs to the high yield region; class II reservoir porosity permeability standard - 7%~10% (0.3~1) * 10-3 M 2, gas saturation 55%~70%, belonging to the middle class III reservoir area; standard porosity and permeability is less than 8%, 0.6 x 10-3 M 2, gas saturation is less than 65%, belong to the low yield area; IV standard gas - less than 5% porosity, permeability less than 0.14 * 10-3 M 2 gas full And below 50%. Daniudi Shanxi mountain group yield 2 section of the reservoir sand body developed in the stable distribution area, large thickness, good lateral continuity, the basic S2-1 class I reservoir are scattered in the Midwest, divided into five wells near 1-1-35,1-3-7,1-1-68,1-2-9,1-2-10, class II reservoirs in the big 12, the distribution range of 15 well area is relatively concentrated, class III reservoir in 47 wells and 66 wells, 4 wells scattered, we can see that the distribution scope of sand control, plane strong heterogeneity, reservoir lateral continuity is poor, in the range of 2-5km with contrast.S2-2 compared to S2-1 gas distribution, the distribution range of type of gas is larger, class I reservoir mainly northeast 55, middle 13, southwest of the four 1-4-27,1-4-17 range, class II gas accounts for about half of class III reservoir, mainly distributed in the north and south of the river, is divided into 44- 16- 31- in Central - western 38- open the South and north of the big 14 line - 28- 32- 13- Da 8- Da Da 22- Da line 61, 77 and 84 wells near the southwest, class III reservoir in addition to the northwest 90 well area, northeast 57 well area, southwest 74 wells, 121, near the outside 63 well, other regional distribution and class II reservoirs are basically the same, plane heterogeneity is still strong, the existence of a large number of physical property and lithology sealing belt.

【學位授予單位】：成都理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13

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