發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-13 03:27

  本文選題：伊犁 + 黃土滑坡　； 參考：《石河子大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：伊犁位于新疆維吾爾自治區(qū)西部,是我國(guó)西北黃土滑坡分布廣泛的地區(qū)之一。長(zhǎng)期以來,黃土滑坡的發(fā)生,掩埋村莊、中斷交通、造成人員傷亡,給該地區(qū)的經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和人民生命財(cái)產(chǎn)造成了重大損失,因此對(duì)該地區(qū)黃土滑坡的特征和形成原因進(jìn)行研究,并對(duì)典型滑坡進(jìn)行穩(wěn)定性分析,對(duì)于該地區(qū)黃土滑坡的防治具有重要意義。本文以伊犁地區(qū)為研究區(qū),在野外調(diào)查、資料整理以及現(xiàn)場(chǎng)和室內(nèi)試驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上,首先研究了該地區(qū)的地質(zhì)環(huán)境條件、黃土的分布、分區(qū)、地層和基本性質(zhì);其次對(duì)黃土滑坡的分布、類型、形態(tài)等特征進(jìn)行了研究,并從多個(gè)方面分析了伊犁黃土滑坡形成的原因;最后選取加郎普特滑坡為典型例子,運(yùn)用極限平衡法和強(qiáng)度折減有限元法對(duì)其進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)定性計(jì)算分析,并提出了相應(yīng)的治理措施。取得的研究成果如下:(1)在伊犁境內(nèi)的加郎普特、則克臺(tái)和闊勒德能等地采集土樣進(jìn)行土力學(xué)試驗(yàn),并結(jié)合已有的研究成果,從物質(zhì)組成、物理性質(zhì)、水理性質(zhì)和力學(xué)性對(duì)伊犁黃土的基本性質(zhì)進(jìn)行了研究。結(jié)果表明:伊犁黃土的粒度以粉粒為主,礦物成分以石英、長(zhǎng)石以及碳酸鹽類礦物為主,呈堿性;天然含水量和天然重度偏大,孔隙比在0.686~0.957之間;滲透系數(shù)在10-4~10-6cm/s之間,總體呈弱透水性;具有較強(qiáng)的濕陷性,內(nèi)聚力在7.2~26.2k Pa之間,內(nèi)摩擦角在15.5~32.0°之間,遇水時(shí),內(nèi)聚力和內(nèi)摩擦角下降明顯。(2)通過野外實(shí)地調(diào)查,分析了伊犁黃土滑坡在分布、形態(tài)方面的特點(diǎn)。在空間上,伊犁黃土滑坡主要分布于中低山區(qū)、中低-低山丘陵區(qū)及河流兩岸的黃土斜坡地帶,其中,中東部地區(qū)為滑坡最為發(fā)育的地區(qū);在時(shí)間上,滑坡多發(fā)生于4~6月。滑坡類型主要為黃土層內(nèi)滑坡和黃土基巖接觸面滑坡,滑坡規(guī)模以小型淺層為主,但也不乏大型滑坡�；�坡平面形態(tài)以簸箕形、長(zhǎng)椅形、復(fù)合形、扇形為主,縱斷面形態(tài)以圓弧形滑面為主。(3)在土工試驗(yàn)和野外調(diào)查的基礎(chǔ)上,從多個(gè)方面分析了伊犁黃土滑坡形成的原因。分析認(rèn)為,在各種因素中,伊犁地區(qū)廣泛分布的黃土為滑坡形成提供了物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ),區(qū)域內(nèi)多山的地形地貌、黃土層與下伏基巖呈不整合接觸關(guān)系的地層結(jié)構(gòu)為黃土滑坡提供了邊界條件,而暴雨則是滑坡形成的主要誘因。在此基礎(chǔ)上,分析了該地區(qū)降雨誘發(fā)黃土滑坡的機(jī)理。(4)選取伊犁境內(nèi)的加郎普特黃土滑坡為典型例子,分析了該滑坡的特征和形成機(jī)制,利用二維極限平衡法對(duì)該滑坡進(jìn)行了穩(wěn)定性分析,從滲透穩(wěn)定性、抗沖刷穩(wěn)定性和抗滑穩(wěn)定性三個(gè)方面對(duì)滑坡所致的堰塞湖進(jìn)行穩(wěn)定性分析。在二維計(jì)算的基礎(chǔ)上,利用GOCAD、CATIA和Hypermesh對(duì)典型滑坡建立三維計(jì)算模型,利用強(qiáng)度折減有限元法對(duì)其作進(jìn)一步分析,并根據(jù)計(jì)算結(jié)果提出了相應(yīng)的治理措施,可為該滑坡及伊犁地區(qū)類似黃土滑坡的穩(wěn)定性分析提供參考。
[Abstract]:Yili, located in the west of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous region, is one of the most widely distributed loess landslides in Northwest China.For a long time, the occurrence of loess landslide, burying villages, interrupting traffic, causing casualties, causing great losses to the economic development of the area and people's lives and property, so the characteristics and causes of loess landslide in this area are studied.The stability analysis of typical landslide is of great significance to the prevention and treatment of loess landslide in this area.On the basis of field investigation, data arrangement and field and laboratory tests, the geological environment conditions, loess distribution, zoning, strata and basic properties of Yili area are studied in this paper.Secondly, the distribution, type and shape of loess landslide are studied, and the causes of loess landslide in Yili are analyzed from many aspects. Finally, Kalanpute landslide is selected as a typical example.The limit equilibrium method and the strength reduction finite element method are used to calculate and analyze their stability, and the corresponding treatment measures are put forward.The results of the research are as follows: 1) soil samples were collected in Kalanpute, Zechtei and Kuludeng in Ili for soil mechanics tests, and combined with existing research results, from the material composition, physical properties,The basic properties of Yili loess were studied by hydrological and mechanical properties.The results show that the grain size of Yili loess is mainly silt, the mineral composition is mainly quartz, feldspar and carbonate minerals, which is alkaline, the natural water content and natural severe degree are larger, the porosity ratio is between 0. 686 and 0. 957, and the permeability coefficient is between 10-4~10-6cm/s.It has strong collapsibility, cohesion between 7.2 ~ 26.2 KPA and an internal friction angle of 15.5 ~ 32.0 擄. When it comes to water, cohesion and friction angle decrease obviously.) through field investigation, the distribution of loess landslide in Yili is analyzed.A characteristic of form.In space, the loess landslide in Yili is mainly distributed in the middle and low mountain areas, the middle and low hilly areas and the loess slope belt on both sides of the river, in which the central and eastern regions are the most developed areas, and most of the landslides occur from April to June.The landslide type is mainly the landslide in loess soil layer and the loess bedrock contact surface landslide, the landslide scale is mainly small shallow layer, but also has the large-scale landslide.The plane shape of landslide is dustpan shape, bench shape, compound shape, sector shape, and vertical section shape is mainly circular arc surface. On the basis of geotechnical test and field investigation, the causes of the formation of Yili loess landslide are analyzed from many aspects.The analysis shows that, among the various factors, the widely distributed loess in Yili area provides the material basis for the formation of the landslide, and the mountainous terrain and geomorphology in the area.The unconformable contact relationship between the loess layer and the lower bedrock provides boundary conditions for the loess landslide, while the rainstorm is the main inducement for the formation of the landslide.On this basis, the mechanism of loess landslide induced by rainfall in this area is analyzed. (4) A typical example of Kalanpute loess landslide in Yili is selected, and the characteristics and formation mechanism of the landslide are analyzed.The stability analysis of the landslide is carried out by using the two-dimensional limit equilibrium method, and the stability of the barrier lake caused by the landslide is analyzed from three aspects: the stability of seepage, the stability of anti-erosion and the stability of anti-slide.On the basis of two-dimensional calculation, the 3D calculation model of typical landslide is established by using GOCADCATIA and Hypermesh, and the strength reduction finite element method is used to further analyze the model, and the corresponding treatment measures are put forward according to the calculation results.It can provide a reference for the stability analysis of the landslide and similar loess landslide in Yili area.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：石河子大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P642.22

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本文編號(hào)：1742728