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  本文選題：可控震源 + 超磁致伸縮換能器��； 參考：《山東大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：地震勘探是石油與天然氣資源的重要勘察手段,傳統(tǒng)地震勘探采用炸藥作為勘探震源,對環(huán)境破壞嚴重,且有一定的危險性。常用的陸地可控震源激發(fā)波形可控,可實現(xiàn)高分辨率地震探測,而且對環(huán)境沒有破壞性。其中,電磁驅(qū)動式可控震源通過交變的電磁場驅(qū)動鐵磁材料產(chǎn)生激震所需的推力,具有輕便、安全等特點,適于進行淺層地震勘探,但卻存在激發(fā)信號能量較弱、信噪比低等缺點。為了解決這一問題,本文研究將超磁致伸縮換能器用作電磁驅(qū)動式可控震源的振動元件,由于超磁致伸縮材料與一般鐵磁材料相比,具有更高的磁機轉(zhuǎn)化效率,因此超磁致伸縮換能器作為可控震源的振動元件可以取得較好的激震效果。為了滿足超磁致伸縮換能器激發(fā)產(chǎn)生的掃描信號相位和幅值要求,本文對超磁致伸縮換能器的電磁驅(qū)動部分和震源平板-大地耦合系統(tǒng)部分進行了研究,主要工作包括以下幾點：(1)比較了幾種描述磁滯現(xiàn)象的理論模型,并結(jié)合掃描信號驅(qū)動超磁致伸縮換能器的工作情況,將換能器的磁滯現(xiàn)象視為相位滯后,使用延時環(huán)節(jié)予以描述,結(jié)合未考慮磁滯的系統(tǒng)線性模型,得到了磁致伸縮換能器的數(shù)學(xué)模型并進行了仿真驗證。(2)采用Lysmer方程作為平板-大地耦合系統(tǒng)的振動模型,應(yīng)用四階龍格-庫塔方法求解得到了耦合系統(tǒng)在掃描信號負載驅(qū)動下的輸出響應(yīng),并依據(jù)幅頻響應(yīng)曲線分析了影響系統(tǒng)振動特性的因素。(3)根據(jù)可控震源地震勘探對掃描信號無相差滯后的控制要求,采用相位補償加PID反饋的方法對超磁致伸縮換能器進行了控制補償。通過相位補償?shù)姆椒ㄊ箵Q能器的輸出位移和輸入電流同相,并應(yīng)用PI[)反饋進一步降低了換能器的輸出位移誤差,改善了系統(tǒng)的響應(yīng)特性。實驗結(jié)果表明,本文采用的控制策略可以有效的消除在寬頻程掃描信號驅(qū)動下超磁致伸縮換能器輸出信號的滯后。
[Abstract]:Seismic exploration is an important exploration method for oil and natural gas resources. The traditional seismic exploration uses explosive as the source of seismic exploration, which has serious damage to the environment and is dangerous to some extent.The excitation waveform of the commonly used land vibroseis is controllable, which can realize high resolution seismic detection, and it is not destructive to the environment.Electromagnetically driven vibroseis are suitable for shallow seismic exploration, but the excitation signal energy is weak.Low signal-to-noise ratio and other shortcomings.In order to solve this problem, the giant magnetostrictive transducer is used as the vibration element of the electromagnetic drive vibroseis, because the giant magnetostrictive material has higher magneto-mechanical conversion efficiency than the common ferromagnetic material.Therefore, the Giant Magnetostrictive Transducer can be used as vibration element of vibroseis to obtain better excitation effect.In order to meet the requirements of the scanning signal phase and amplitude generated by the excitation of the giant magnetostrictive transducer, the electromagnetic driving part of the giant magnetostrictive transducer and the coupled system of the seismic plate and the earth are studied in this paper.The main work includes the following points: 1) several theoretical models describing the hysteresis phenomenon are compared, and the hysteresis phenomenon of the transducer is considered as the phase lag in the light of the working conditions of the scanning signal driven giant magnetostrictive transducer.The mathematical model of magnetostrictive transducer is obtained by using the delay link and the linear model of the system without considering the hysteresis. The simulation results show that the Lysmer equation is used as the vibration model of the plate-earth coupling system.The fourth order Runge-Kutta method is applied to obtain the output response of the coupled system driven by the scanning signal load.Based on the amplitude-frequency response curve, the factors affecting the vibration characteristics of the system are analyzed.The control compensation of giant magnetostrictive transducer is carried out by the method of phase compensation and PID feedback.The output displacement and input current of the transducer are in-phase by phase compensation, and the output displacement error of the transducer is further reduced by using Pi [) feedback, and the response characteristics of the system are improved.The experimental results show that the proposed control strategy can effectively eliminate the hysteresis of the output signal of the giant magnetostrictive transducer driven by the wide-range scanning signal.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：山東大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P631.4

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