發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-04-14 15:21

  本文選題：煤層開采 + 地下水　； 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：在我國經(jīng)濟(jì)迅速穩(wěn)定發(fā)展的步伐中，煤炭資源做出了巨大貢獻(xiàn)。山西省作為煤炭資源大省，雖然近幾年經(jīng)過整合，生產(chǎn)水平不斷提高，，但是煤炭開采對(duì)地下水環(huán)境的影響不可忽略，主要表現(xiàn)為采空形成的導(dǎo)水裂隙帶破壞了煤層上覆含水層的隔水層，導(dǎo)致上覆含水層發(fā)生漏失，改變了原有地下水流場(chǎng)的補(bǔ)徑排條件，形成新的地下水流場(chǎng)。本文以巍山煤礦井田為主要研究對(duì)象，采用數(shù)值模擬對(duì)井田煤系上覆二疊系與石炭系含水層地下水流場(chǎng)演化趨勢(shì)的預(yù)測(cè)，在此基礎(chǔ)上提出地下水防治措施。 巍山煤礦位于山西省榆次區(qū)，煤層開采過程中，對(duì)煤層所在的含水層排水來保證生產(chǎn)安全，在抽水后與上覆含水層易形成較大水位差，由于中間存在較完整且連續(xù)的隔水層，因此對(duì)上覆含水層影響不大，但是采空形成的導(dǎo)水裂隙帶會(huì)使含水層之間重新建立起水力聯(lián)系。本文根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的工程地質(zhì)、水文地質(zhì)條件，應(yīng)用基于有限元理論的GMS軟件，建立了礦區(qū)水文地質(zhì)概念模型和數(shù)學(xué)模型，經(jīng)過反復(fù)調(diào)整參數(shù)，達(dá)到了良好的擬合效果，分析了煤系上覆各含水層流場(chǎng)分布，預(yù)測(cè)了開采初期（一采區(qū)煤層開采完）和開采完15號(hào)煤層后對(duì)煤系上覆各含水層地下水水位影響范圍，及預(yù)測(cè)了開采2.82年與11.7年后煤系上覆基巖裂隙各含水層地下水位流場(chǎng)的變化。 預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果可知，煤礦開采11.7年后，模擬區(qū)部分內(nèi)煤系上覆各含水層水井將受到不同程度的影響。 經(jīng)過模型模擬預(yù)測(cè)，根據(jù)地下水水位流場(chǎng)的評(píng)價(jià)結(jié)果，并參考相關(guān)的保護(hù)方法研究成果，提出對(duì)地下水含水層的保護(hù)、居民供水方案、地下水含水層跟蹤監(jiān)測(cè)計(jì)劃三方面采取具體的保護(hù)措施。為了更好地了解與保護(hù)地下水水資源，布置了詳細(xì)的監(jiān)測(cè)方案，能夠準(zhǔn)確的了解地下水位與水量的變化情況。
[Abstract]:In the pace of rapid and stable economic development in China, coal resources have made great contributions.As a large province of coal resources, although the production level of Shanxi Province has been continuously improved through integration in recent years, the impact of coal mining on the groundwater environment cannot be ignored.The main manifestation is that the water-conducting fissure zone formed by the mining cavities destroys the water-separating layer of the overlying aquifer in the coal seam, which leads to the leakage of the overlying aquifer, changes the condition of the original groundwater flow field, and forms a new groundwater flow field.This paper takes Weishan coal mine as the main research object, uses the numerical simulation to predict the evolution trend of the overlying Permian and Carboniferous aquifer groundwater flow field, and puts forward the groundwater prevention measures.Weishan Coal Mine is located in Yuci District, Shanxi Province. During coal seam mining, the aquifer in which the coal seam is located is drained to ensure the safety of production. After pumping water, it is easy to form a large water level difference with the overlying aquifer.Therefore, there is little influence on the overlying aquifer, but the hydraulic connection between the aquifers will be re-established by the fissure zone formed by the mining.According to the existing engineering geology, hydrogeological conditions and GMS software based on finite element theory, the conceptual model and mathematical model of hydrogeology in mining area are established in this paper.The distribution of the flow field of each aquifer overlying the coal measure is analyzed, and the influence range of the groundwater level of the overlying aquifer in the first mining area (the coal seam in the first mining area) and in the coal seam No. 15 after mining is predicted.The change of groundwater level and flow field in each aquifer of overlying bedrock fissure in coal measures after 2.82 years and 11.7 years after mining is predicted.The prediction results show that, after 11. 7 years of coal mining, the wells covered with each aquifer in part of the simulated area will be affected to some extent.Through model simulation and prediction, according to the evaluation results of groundwater level and flow field, and referring to the research results of relevant protection methods, the protection of groundwater aquifers and the plan of water supply to residents are proposed.Specific protection measures are adopted in three aspects of groundwater aquifer tracking monitoring plan.In order to better understand and protect groundwater resources, a detailed monitoring scheme is arranged, which can accurately understand the change of groundwater level and water volume.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：太原理工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：P641.4

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