發(fā)布時間：2018-04-16 10:22

  本文選題：構(gòu)造演化 + 有效烴源巖��； 參考：《中國石油大學(xué)(華東)》2015年博士論文

【摘要】：哈山構(gòu)造帶屬于準西北緣逆掩沖斷帶的北段,處于準噶爾盆地與哈山的結(jié)合部位,其“內(nèi)部”蘊涵著豐富的油氣,多層系立體含油的良好勘探局面初見端倪。但由于地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)雜,不同區(qū)帶油氣富集程度存在明顯差異,油氣成藏主控因素及富集規(guī)律認識不清,制約了下步主攻勘探區(qū)帶及目標的優(yōu)選。為了適應(yīng)現(xiàn)今優(yōu)質(zhì)高效勘探的要求,降低勘探風(fēng)險及成本,亟需開展哈山構(gòu)造帶形成演化及其對油氣成藏的控制作用研究,查明油氣成藏規(guī)律,為研究區(qū)油氣勘探提供一定指導(dǎo)。哈山構(gòu)造帶屬逆沖推覆-沖斷疊加+走滑改造“早衰型”山前帶,整體表現(xiàn)為一大型逆沖推覆構(gòu)造,劃分出超剝帶、外來推覆系統(tǒng)、前緣沖斷帶和準原地疊加系統(tǒng)4個地質(zhì)單元,6期推覆體。受應(yīng)力場轉(zhuǎn)換、應(yīng)力作用方式及充填地層屬性的控制,呈“上下分層、南北分帶、東西分段”的地質(zhì)結(jié)構(gòu)特征。剖面上分為2套構(gòu)造層,即淺層超剝帶和中深層推覆-沖斷疊加帶;自北向南劃分為3個構(gòu)造帶,即北部的走滑改造帶、中部的逆沖推覆-沖斷帶、南部的逆沖褶皺帶和斜坡帶;平面上分為三段,即西段下二疊統(tǒng)和石炭系逆沖推覆體疊置組合,中段三疊系和二疊系疊瓦沖斷片體疊加組合和東段的斷層相關(guān)褶皺疊加組合。以斷層相關(guān)褶皺理論和復(fù)雜構(gòu)造解析理論為指導(dǎo),綜合運用區(qū)域構(gòu)造、露頭、鉆井、地震等多種資料進行構(gòu)造幾何學(xué)、運動學(xué)和動力學(xué)特征研究,根據(jù)不整合類型、斷層切割關(guān)系及構(gòu)造軸面等傾角區(qū)分析,識別出5期構(gòu)造期。根據(jù)構(gòu)造變形卷入地層歸屬、生長地層發(fā)育特征,厘定了構(gòu)造發(fā)育時間,平衡剖面恢復(fù)明確了構(gòu)造變形過程及變形量。在此基礎(chǔ)上,重建了哈山構(gòu)造帶自晚古生代以來的構(gòu)造沉積演化過程,經(jīng)歷了伸展與擠壓區(qū)域應(yīng)力場轉(zhuǎn)換,4類盆地性質(zhì)疊合和6期演化階段:早二疊世伸展裂陷階段、早二疊世末疊瓦沖斷-脆韌性剪切階段、晚二疊世類前陸盆地強烈推覆沖斷-走滑調(diào)整階段、三疊紀陸內(nèi)坳陷繼承性推覆沖斷-走滑改造階段、侏羅-白堊紀陸內(nèi)坳陷震蕩隆升階段和新生代再生前陸盆地喜山期走滑改造階段,其中早二疊世末、二疊紀末和三疊紀末為關(guān)鍵構(gòu)造變形期,其分別控制了哈山的雛形造山、強化隆升和最終定型。哈山構(gòu)造帶形成演化及關(guān)鍵期構(gòu)造變形對“源、儲、運、�！钡瘸刹匾�素的時空配置具有重要的控制作用,致使不同構(gòu)造單元的油氣成藏規(guī)律、分布特征及油氣性質(zhì)各具特點。早二疊世伸展裂陷堿湖沉積環(huán)境為風(fēng)城組優(yōu)質(zhì)烴源巖的發(fā)育及碎屑巖-云質(zhì)巖-火山巖多類型儲層的發(fā)育創(chuàng)造了條件,構(gòu)造沉積復(fù)原認為,該時期哈山地區(qū)處于半深湖相帶,烴源巖廣泛發(fā)育。哈山推覆沖斷造山作用致使烴源巖在多個構(gòu)造單元殘留分布,構(gòu)造疊置與沉積地層補償控制了烴源巖的生烴演化,存在持續(xù)埋藏生烴型、快速抬升生烴停滯型、快速深埋生烴型和二次生烴型4種演化模式,厘定了有效烴源巖分布。構(gòu)造對儲層的控制作用體現(xiàn)在兩個方面,一是構(gòu)造微裂縫對火山巖和云質(zhì)巖脆性儲層具有增儲增滲的作用,二是構(gòu)造抬升剝蝕風(fēng)化淋濾對儲層具有較好的溶蝕改造作用,形成了風(fēng)化淋濾型、淋濾-斷裂改造型、內(nèi)幕巖相-構(gòu)造改造型和基質(zhì)孔隙-構(gòu)造改造型4種類型儲層。哈山形成演化控制了不同構(gòu)造區(qū)帶構(gòu)造樣式、沉積地層充填及輸導(dǎo)要素的時空配置,控制了不同區(qū)帶的油氣輸導(dǎo)的有序性及油氣分布的規(guī)律性。地質(zhì)-地化剖析,提出超剝帶和推覆-沖斷帶分屬不同的油氣輸導(dǎo)系統(tǒng)。超剝帶為“斷-毯”遠源橫向輸導(dǎo)模式;推覆-沖斷帶為“多斷”聯(lián)合近源垂向輸導(dǎo)模式,西段推覆疊置區(qū)為斷層-微裂縫網(wǎng)狀復(fù)合輸導(dǎo),中段沖斷疊加區(qū)為“斷-砂”階梯狀輸導(dǎo),東段斷褶變形區(qū)為斷層垂向優(yōu)勢輸導(dǎo)和砂體輔助輸導(dǎo)。構(gòu)造演化、烴源巖生烴演化與輸導(dǎo)樣式演化耦合控制了油氣的充注成藏的動態(tài)演化,中西部為三期相對早期成藏,東部為兩期相對晚期成藏�！霸�-輸-儲”三因素聯(lián)合控制了不同構(gòu)造單元的成藏組合類型及油氣富集,保存條件優(yōu)劣控制了油氣品質(zhì)優(yōu)劣,形成了現(xiàn)今稀稠油共存,不同成熟階段油氣共生的多層系含油格局。
[Abstract]:Hassan tectonic belt belongs to the northwestern margin overthrust belt in the north of the Junggar basin and the binding site of Hassan, the "internal" contains rich oil and gas exploration, good situation of multilayer three-dimensional oil has appeared. But due to the complexity of geological structure, there are obvious differences in the extent of hydrocarbon enrichment in different zone, oil the gas accumulation and its distribution in the main control factors are unclear, preferably under the step in the main exploration area and target control. In order to adapt to the requirements of quality and efficient exploration, reduce exploration risk and cost, the urgent need to carry out Hassan tectonic evolution and its controlling effect on oil and gas accumulation research, identify the accumulation oil and gas, provides some guidance for the research of oil and gas exploration. Hassan tectonic zone is a nappe thrust superimposed + strike slip transform "premature" piedmont zone, for the overall performance of a large thrust nappe structure, divided into super tape stripping, Foreign nappe system, front thrust belt and parautochthonous superposition system of 4 geological units, 6 nappe. The stress field transformation, stress action and filling stratum attribute, is on the stratification, North and South sub zone, the geological structure characteristics of segmented section divided into. The 2 tectonic layers, namely shallow super stripping zone and deep thrust nappe stacking belt; from north to south is divided into 3 tectonic belt, the northern slip transformation belt, thrust nappe and thrust belt, thrust fold belt and the southern slope of the plane; divided into three sections, namely, section two Permian and Carboniferous nappe superimposition, fault related fold combination of Middle Triassic and Permian imbricate thrust fragments and the eastern section of the body combination. With the theory of fault related fold and complex structural analysis theory, the integrated use of regional tectonic, outcrop, drilling seismic data. To study the structural geometry, kinematics and dynamics characteristics, according to the type of unconformity, fault analysis of cutting relation and tectonic axis surface angle area, identify the 5 tectonic period. According to the tectonic deformation of strata involved in ownership, growth and development characteristics of strata, tectonic setting time, balanced cross section clear tectonic deformation process and deformation. On this basis, the reconstruction of Hassan tectonic evolution since Late Paleozoic sedimentary tectonic belt, the extension and compression of the regional stress field transformation, 4 types of basin superimposition and 6 evolution stages: Two Early Triassic rifting stage, early Permian imbricate thrusting - brittle ductile shear stage. The Late Permian foreland basin strong nappe thrust strike slip adjustment stage, inheritance of the nappe thrust strike slip faulted intracontinental transformation stage of Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous intracontinental depression shock uplift stage and Cenozoic again Before the Himalayan strike slip foreland basin transformation stage, at the end of the early Permian, Late Permian and Late Triassic tectonic deformation is the key period, respectively control the Hassan embryonic orogenic uplift and strengthening, the final shape. Hassan tectonic deformation of source, reservoir, tectonic evolution and critical period of operation, has a control function an important guarantee "into the space-time configuration elements of reservoir, resulting in different tectonic units of the oil and gas accumulation, distribution and characteristics of oil and gas properties. Early Permian extensional rifting sedimentary environment of alkali lake is good hydrocarbon source rocks and Fengcheng Formation clastic rock - dolomitic rock volcano - multi type reservoir the development of creating conditions that the tectonic sedimentary restoration period, Hassan area in the semi deep lake facies, hydrocarbon source rocks are widely developed. Hassan nappe thrust orogenesis resulting in the distribution of residual hydrocarbon source rocks in multiple tectonic units and sedimentary tectonic superposition Compensation control layer hydrocarbon source rock evolution, persistent burial and hydrocarbon generation, rapid uplift of hydrocarbon stagnation type, rapid deep buried hydrocarbon and two secondary hydrocarbon type 4 evolution model, determined the distribution of effective source rocks. The tectonic control on the reservoir is reflected in two aspects, one is the construction of micro cracks with increasing storage permeability increasing effect on the volcano rocks and dolomitic reservoir brittle, two tectonic uplift and denudation weathering has good dissolution and alteration of the reservoir, the formation of weathering and leaching, leaching and fracture modification, modification of insider facies structural matrix and pore - structure modeling 4 types of reservoir formation and evolution. Hassan control in different tectonic zone tectonic style, time-space sedimentary strata filling and transporting elements, in order to control the regularity of different zones of oil and gas transportation and distribution of oil and gas. The geological geochemical analysis, this super belt and stripping The nappe and thrust belt belong to different oil and gas migration system. "Super tape stripping fault blanket" distal lateral transportation mode; nappe thrust belt is "broken" with near source vertical migration patterns, West nappe overlapped area of fault - micro crack mesh composite carrier, the middle thrust superimposed area "sand fault" ladder shaped conduit, the eastern fault fold deformation zone for fault vertical transport and sand transporting auxiliary advantages. Tectonic evolution, hydrocarbon generation evolution and migration evolution pattern of coupling control of oil and gas filling into the dynamic evolution of reservoir, the Midwest three relatively early Tibet, the eastern two relatively late accumulation. "- source - reservoir transportation three factors combined control of different tectonic units of reservoir types and hydrocarbon accumulation, preservation conditions of the oil and gas quality, form the dilute heavy oil coexist, multi series of strata of different maturity pattern of oil and gas coexistence.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國石油大學(xué)(華東)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P618.13
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本文編號：1758481