本文關(guān)鍵詞：雪峰造山帶中段地質(zhì)構(gòu)造特征，由筆耕文化傳播整理發(fā)布。

雪峰造山帶中段地質(zhì)構(gòu)造特征

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摘要

雪峰造山帶的地質(zhì)構(gòu)造特征認(rèn)識尚存在較多分歧。通過構(gòu)造剖面測制并結(jié)合區(qū)域地質(zhì)調(diào)查,對雪峰造山帶中段東部懷化—兩丫坪地區(qū)的形變類型、變形時代、變形強度、剖面結(jié)構(gòu)以及構(gòu)造變形的運動學(xué)特征、成因機制和構(gòu)造體制等進行了較全面的分析研究,取得以下主要認(rèn)識和進展:(1)雪峰造山帶中段形變類型主要有板劈理、折劈理、褶皺及與褶皺同走向的大型膝褶帶、逆斷裂、正斷裂、右行走滑斷裂等;(2)加里東運動和早中生代構(gòu)造運動(印支運動與早燕山運動)中均存在明顯的擠壓變形,構(gòu)造體制均為NW—NWW向擠壓,形成NE—NNE向褶皺和逆斷裂,加里東運動尚形成了板劈理和大型膝褶帶;(3)雪峰造山帶中段以溆浦—靖州斷裂為界分為東帶和西帶,分別為加里東期區(qū)域雪峰逆沖推覆構(gòu)造的根帶和中帶。東帶板劈理發(fā)育,西帶板劈理不發(fā)育且上古生界與下伏地層產(chǎn)狀相近,表明加里東運動中東帶變形強度明顯大于西帶,不整合特征、抬升幅度、逆沖斷裂的發(fā)育特征等表明早中生代構(gòu)造運動中東帶變形較強,而西帶變形較弱;(4)劈理優(yōu)勢傾向以及褶皺軸面和逆斷裂的傾向,反映雪峰造山帶東帶加里東運動和早中生代構(gòu)造運動中均具有背沖構(gòu)造樣式,但早中生代背沖構(gòu)造的中軸相對加里東期向西遷移25 km以上;(5)南華紀(jì)早期溆浦—靖州斷裂以東大幅伸展斷陷并接受巨厚沉積,晚古生代期間斷裂東側(cè)大幅伸展沉降而構(gòu)成湘中沉積盆地的西邊界,反映雪峰造山帶東帶為一塊體強度低的構(gòu)造薄弱帶,這是其變形強度大于西帶及成為雪峰推覆構(gòu)造根帶的主要原因。
There exist different view points about the geological structure characteristics of the Xuefeng orogen.The authors studied such aspects of this problem as deformation types,deformation epochs and intensities,geometrical and kinematic properties,dynamic mechanisms and tectonic regimes in Huaihua- Liangyaping area lying in the eastern part of the middle segment of the Xuefeng orogen through tectonic profile and regional geological survey and,as a result,reached the following conclusions:①There existed main deformation types such as slaty cleavages,crenulation cleavages,folds,thrust faults,large-scale kink zones,normal faults and dextral strike-slip faults.②There existed notable compressional deformations with NW to NWW compression and NE to NNE-trending folds and thrust faults in both Caledonian movement and Early Mesozoic tectonic movements(Indosinian movement and Early Yanshanian movement).Slaty cleavages and large-scale kink zones were formed in Caledonian movement.③The middle segment of the Xuefeng orogen can be divided into the east zone and the west zone with Xupu-Jingzhou fault as the boundary,which served as the root and the middle zone of Xuefeng thrust system respectively.There existed higher deformation in the east zone than in the west zone in Caledonian movement,as evidenced by the existence of slaty cleavages in the east zone and the absence of slaty cleavage and the similarity between the Upper Palaeozoic and the underlying strata in attitude in the west zone.Unconformity,tectonic uplift and thrust faults indicate that there existed stronger deformation in the east zone than in the west zone in Early Mesozoic tectonic movement.④Dip directions of slaty cleavages,fold axial surfaces and thrust faults indicate that there existed back- thrust structures in both Caledonian movement and Early Mesozoic tectonic movements in the east zone of the Xuefeng orogen,but the middle belts of the two period back thrust structures didn't coincide with each other,and the middle belt in Early Mesozoic was about 25 km west of Caledonian.⑤ The east side of Xupu- Jingzhou fault subsided violently in both early Nanhuan and Late Palaeozoic,suggesting that the east zone of the Xuefeng orogen was a structurally weak zone with lower strength of crust,and therefore turned into the root zone of the Xuefeng thrust system.

引文

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