發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-01-09 11:20

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：入海排污口選址適宜性評(píng)價(jià)與案例研究　出處：《北京化工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 入海排污口選址 污染混合區(qū) 生態(tài)風(fēng)險(xiǎn) 海洋生態(tài)價(jià)值 多目標(biāo)決策 污水處理廠選址

【摘要】：近年來,我國沿海地區(qū)人口不斷聚集,經(jīng)濟(jì)高速發(fā)展。排污口數(shù)量逐漸增加、位置設(shè)置不合理以及污水的排放失控越來越超過我國海域的納污能力,造成我國大部分近岸海域環(huán)境急劇下降。因此,對(duì)入海排污口進(jìn)行優(yōu)化布局是達(dá)到海洋環(huán)境整治,逐步實(shí)現(xiàn)海洋功能區(qū)目標(biāo)的關(guān)鍵性措施,具有非常深刻的理論與現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文通過系統(tǒng)研究我國各典型海域的水文動(dòng)力、海洋生態(tài)和資源分布特征等,剖析和歸納不同海洋環(huán)境功能區(qū)約定的環(huán)境約束因子,并根據(jù)海洋環(huán)境功能區(qū)劃和國家海洋環(huán)境保護(hù)法的相關(guān)規(guī)定,提出了排污口選址與排放方案比選原則,從海水納污能力、環(huán)境風(fēng)險(xiǎn)、工程經(jīng)濟(jì)等多種角度實(shí)現(xiàn)選址最優(yōu)化。其次,在廣泛咨詢與調(diào)研的基礎(chǔ)上,辨析入海排污口選址與排放方案比選的影響要素,以此為指導(dǎo),構(gòu)建了排污口選址適宜性評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系,分別從水域和陸域兩方面對(duì)納污能力和入海排污口工程建設(shè)的適宜性進(jìn)行分析。形成涵蓋1個(gè)目標(biāo)因素、2個(gè)一級(jí)準(zhǔn)則因素、8個(gè)二級(jí)準(zhǔn)則因素、11個(gè)具體指標(biāo)的綜合評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。并且根據(jù)影響污水處理廠選址要素的分析構(gòu)建了污水處理廠評(píng)價(jià)指標(biāo)體系。選取層次分析法(AHP)確定指標(biāo)權(quán)重,灰色關(guān)聯(lián)度模型進(jìn)行方案優(yōu)劣比選實(shí)現(xiàn)多因子的比選決策。最后編制入海排污口選址與排放方案比選技術(shù)指南,形成一套指導(dǎo)入海排污口設(shè)置的比選原則、思路、程序和技術(shù)方法,為管理部門科學(xué)設(shè)置排污口提供技術(shù)與決策支持。另外,本文以福建省石獅市東部海域?yàn)榘咐�分�?探究入海排污口選址方法與技術(shù)。首先根據(jù)當(dāng)?shù)睾Ｑ蠊δ軈^(qū)劃和相關(guān)法律法規(guī)進(jìn)行初步篩選,在對(duì)預(yù)選排污口方案的指標(biāo)因子值進(jìn)行計(jì)算的基礎(chǔ)上,采用構(gòu)建的多目標(biāo)決策模型對(duì)剩余預(yù)選方案進(jìn)行優(yōu)劣排序,擇選出石獅市海域的最適宜排污口位置。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the population in the coastal areas of our country is gathering continuously, the economy is developing at a high speed, the number of sewage outlets is increasing gradually, the location setting is unreasonable, and the sewage discharge out of control is more and more than the pollution absorption capacity of the sea area of our country. As a result, the environment of most of the coastal waters in our country has declined sharply. Therefore, optimizing the layout of the discharge outlet is the key measure to achieve the marine environmental regulation and gradually realize the goal of the marine functional zone. It is of great theoretical and practical significance. This paper systematically studies hydrodynamics, marine ecology and resource distribution characteristics of typical sea areas in China. This paper analyzes and summarizes the environmental constraint factors agreed in different marine environment functional zones, and puts forward the principle of selecting the location of sewage outlet and the selection of discharge schemes according to the relevant regulations of marine environmental functional zoning and national marine environment protection law. The optimization of site selection is realized from the aspects of seawater pollution capacity, environmental risk, engineering economy and so on. Secondly, on the basis of extensive consultation and investigation, the factors affecting the selection of site selection and discharge scheme of sewage outlet into the sea are analyzed. Under the guidance of this, the evaluation index system of site suitability of sewage outlet was constructed, and the capacity of receiving pollution and the suitability of construction of sewage outlet project were analyzed from two aspects of water area and land area, respectively, and a target factor was formed. Two first-level criterion factors and eight second-level criterion factors. According to the analysis of the factors affecting the site selection of the sewage treatment plant, the evaluation index system of the sewage treatment plant was constructed, and the weight of the index was determined by selecting the analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Grey relational degree model is used to compare the advantages and disadvantages of the schemes to realize the multi-factor selection decision. Finally, a set of comparative selection principles to guide the setting of the sewage outlet into the sea is formed by compiling the technical guide for the selection of the location of the sewage outlet and the selection of the discharge scheme. Train of thought, procedure and technical method, provide technical and decision support for management department to set up sewage outlet scientifically. In addition, this paper takes the eastern sea area of Shishi city in Fujian Province as a case study. First, according to the local marine functional zoning and related laws and regulations to carry out preliminary screening, on the basis of pre-selected sewage outlet project index factor value calculation. The multiobjective decision model was used to rank the residual pre-selection scheme and the optimal location of the sewage outlet in Shishi City was selected.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：北京化工大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：X55;X703

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本文編號(hào)：1401196