發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-14 12:27

【摘要】：涌水災(zāi)害是隧道修建過(guò)程中備受關(guān)注的問(wèn)題之一，近年來(lái)，隨著隧道設(shè)計(jì)水平、施工技術(shù)和機(jī)械設(shè)備的不斷提高和更新，大量長(zhǎng)大深埋越嶺隧道修建在重巒疊嶂、交通極不發(fā)達(dá)的西部地區(qū)，水災(zāi)給隧道施工和運(yùn)營(yíng)造成極大的安全隱患和巨大的經(jīng)濟(jì)損失，使得這一問(wèn)題變得尤為突出和迫切需要解決。 本文以成武高速武都西隧道為依托，針對(duì)涌水問(wèn)題采用理論研究與分析、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)監(jiān)測(cè)、現(xiàn)場(chǎng)試驗(yàn)、數(shù)值模擬相結(jié)合的方法綜合研究，提出隧道涌水的主要因素是圍巖裂隙連通性好、隧道修建在常年地下水位以下、含水圍巖富水性好、地表水和地下水水文網(wǎng)發(fā)達(dá)、隧道埋深大以及山體植被覆蓋稀少；運(yùn)用四種方法預(yù)測(cè)隧道涌水量，得出地下水動(dòng)力學(xué)法預(yù)測(cè)結(jié)果最接近實(shí)際涌水量；應(yīng)用MIDAS-GTS數(shù)值軟件分析計(jì)算隧道孔隙水壓力、滲流速度及開(kāi)挖后和注漿后應(yīng)力、位移與滲流量的變化，注漿后巖體的滲流速度比開(kāi)挖后減小了兩個(gè)數(shù)量級(jí)，應(yīng)力場(chǎng)分析表明，注漿后隧道圍巖應(yīng)力狀態(tài)有了質(zhì)的改善，徑向的最小主應(yīng)力在隧道開(kāi)挖時(shí)最小，注漿后明顯增大；切向最大主應(yīng)力相反，毛洞開(kāi)挖時(shí)最大，注漿后減小，支護(hù)后的應(yīng)力最小。這是由于隧道注漿之后，很好的改善了巖體的工程特性，提高了其抵抗變形的能力，，降低了圍巖應(yīng)力釋放。評(píng)價(jià)了注漿圈參數(shù)與滲流速度的關(guān)系并運(yùn)用軟件計(jì)算滲流量，采用參數(shù)厚度為5m、滲透系數(shù)為0.00232m/d的注漿圈時(shí)，不但能有效的控制滲流量，而且對(duì)于注漿材料和施工技術(shù)的要求也不高，較為經(jīng)濟(jì)合理；最后分析和提出了隧道防排水措施，武都西隧道采用超前帷幕注漿、初期支護(hù)、徑向注漿、局部注漿、防水板、混凝土襯砌、中央排水管以及排水設(shè)施等控制措施，對(duì)隧道涌水、淋水、滲漏水和裂隙水綜合治理，達(dá)到了預(yù)期的治理效果，整個(gè)隧道實(shí)現(xiàn)了不滲不漏，為今后類(lèi)似地質(zhì)條件的涌水隧道提供參考。
[Abstract]:Water gushing disaster is one of the most important problems in tunnel construction. In recent years, with the improvement and renewal of tunnel design level, construction technology and mechanical equipment, a large number of long and deep buried tunnels are built in the mountains. In the western region of underdeveloped traffic, the flood caused great safety hidden trouble and huge economic loss to tunnel construction and operation, which made this problem especially outstanding and urgent to be solved. Based on the Chengwu High Speed Wudu West Tunnel, this paper adopts the method of combining theoretical research and analysis, field monitoring, field test and numerical simulation to study the water gushing problem. It is pointed out that the main factors of tunnel water gushing are the good connectivity of surrounding rock fissure, the construction of tunnel below the perennial groundwater level, the good water content of water-bearing surrounding rock, the developed hydrological network of surface water and groundwater, the large buried depth of tunnel and the rare vegetation cover of mountain body. Four methods were used to predict tunnel water inflow, and the results of groundwater dynamics method were obtained to be the closest to actual water inflow, and the pore water pressure, seepage velocity and stress after excavation and grouting were calculated by MIDAS-GTS numerical software. With the change of displacement and seepage flow, the seepage velocity of rock mass after grouting is reduced by two orders of magnitude than that after excavation. The stress field analysis shows that the stress state of surrounding rock is improved qualitatively after grouting, and the radial minimum principal stress is minimized in tunnel excavation. The maximum principal stress in tangential direction is opposite to that after grouting, the maximum stress after excavation is maximum, the stress after grouting decreases, and the stress after support is the smallest. This is because after grouting, the engineering characteristics of rock mass are improved, the ability of resisting deformation is improved, and the stress release of surrounding rock is reduced. The relationship between grouting ring parameters and seepage velocity is evaluated, and the seepage flow is calculated by software. When the grouting ring with parameter thickness of 5 m and permeability coefficient of 0.00232m/d is used, the seepage flow can be controlled effectively. And the requirements for grouting materials and construction technology are not high, more economical and reasonable. Finally, the tunnel waterproof and drainage measures are analyzed and put forward. Wudu West Tunnel adopts advanced curtain grouting, initial support, radial grouting, partial grouting, waterproof board, Control measures such as concrete lining, central drainage pipe and drainage facilities, comprehensive treatment of tunnel gushing, sprinkling, leakage and fissure water have achieved the expected treatment effect, and the whole tunnel has achieved no seepage and leakage. It provides a reference for the water gushing tunnel with similar geological conditions in the future.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：長(zhǎng)安大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：U453.6

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本文編號(hào)：2270453