發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-15 22:15

  本文選題：石油運(yùn)輸 + 管道保護(hù)　； 參考：《西南交通大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展,.我國(guó)對(duì)石油、天然氣等能源的需求量與日俱增。為了滿足國(guó)民對(duì)能源的需求,我國(guó)加大了對(duì)長(zhǎng)輸管線建設(shè)的規(guī)模,在管線的建設(shè)中,為了有效地保護(hù)管道及防腐層免受破壞,地埋管道對(duì)其周圍的土壤成份有較為嚴(yán)格地要求。然而在地質(zhì)條件更為惡劣的某些山區(qū)(如石漠化地區(qū)),無(wú)法找到適合回填管溝的土壤,需要長(zhǎng)距離運(yùn)輸土壤或粉碎大塊礫石,這樣就增加了施工成本同時(shí)延長(zhǎng)了施工周期。本文基于此背景研究開(kāi)發(fā)一種高強(qiáng)度、抗沖擊、便于施工的泡沫材料,該材料可包裹在管道外面,彌補(bǔ)傳統(tǒng)細(xì)土回填管溝方法的弊端。本文的主要研究成果如下：(1)運(yùn)用單因素實(shí)驗(yàn)方法制定了保護(hù)層材料配比試驗(yàn)方案,共進(jìn)行7組配比實(shí)驗(yàn)。通過(guò)對(duì)試樣進(jìn)行簡(jiǎn)支梁沖擊試驗(yàn),得出保護(hù)層原材料各組份對(duì)材料沖擊性能的影響趨勢(shì),通過(guò)各組分試驗(yàn)比對(duì),最終確定壓縮強(qiáng)度230kPa、沖擊強(qiáng)度15.9J、泡孔均勻、致密度適中、密度較輕的保護(hù)層材料。該保護(hù)層材料與管道PE防腐層之間不存在相互腐蝕等不良影響,可以與之長(zhǎng)久共存。(2)通過(guò)室內(nèi)模型試驗(yàn)研究保護(hù)層材料受到?jīng)_擊荷載作用時(shí)管道的動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng),得到了保護(hù)層下陷深度和管道應(yīng)力隨保護(hù)層厚度及沖擊加載次數(shù)的增加呈增長(zhǎng)趨勢(shì)；并得到了不同保護(hù)層厚度的管道應(yīng)力增長(zhǎng)系數(shù)。利用ABAQUS有限元數(shù)值分析軟件,分析了不同的保護(hù)層厚度、管道直徑、重錘下落高度的管道動(dòng)態(tài)變化規(guī)律,并結(jié)合室內(nèi)模型實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果,以及考慮材料的經(jīng)濟(jì)性能,最終確定了保護(hù)層材料的最優(yōu)厚度應(yīng)在5-8cm之間。(3)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)模型試驗(yàn)通過(guò)采取塊石回填、車輛碾壓、重錘沖擊等加載方式,分析對(duì)比了有、無(wú)保護(hù)層對(duì)管道PE防腐層、管道應(yīng)力、土體的壓力及管道振動(dòng)加速度的影響。在用現(xiàn)場(chǎng)原狀土(塊石)回填管溝時(shí),保護(hù)層能夠大幅度降低管道動(dòng)態(tài)響應(yīng)及保護(hù)PE防腐層免受破損；當(dāng)重錘沖擊荷載作用在管道上方土體時(shí),保護(hù)層對(duì)管道的保護(hù)作用也有一定的效果；而當(dāng)車輛的移動(dòng)荷載作用時(shí),保護(hù)層對(duì)管道保護(hù)效果與細(xì)土保護(hù)效果相當(dāng)。總體而言,保護(hù)層材料對(duì)管道及PE防腐層的保護(hù)作用明顯優(yōu)于細(xì)土對(duì)管道的保護(hù)。(4)本文結(jié)合保護(hù)層材料的特性,設(shè)計(jì)了現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工設(shè)備體系,同時(shí)給出了噴涂施工和澆注施工兩種施工方法。根據(jù)現(xiàn)場(chǎng)施工條件,選擇合適的施工方法,能夠極大地提高保護(hù)層施工進(jìn)度,縮短施工工期。(5)對(duì)保護(hù)層材料與傳統(tǒng)石方粉碎和購(gòu)買細(xì)土回填的經(jīng)濟(jì)性進(jìn)行了定量對(duì)比,結(jié)果表明保護(hù)材料的經(jīng)濟(jì)性明顯優(yōu)越于其它方式,并且保護(hù)層材料增加PE防護(hù)層及管道的安全性,降低損壞、爆裂的風(fēng)險(xiǎn),避免潛在風(fēng)險(xiǎn)及損失,減少了維修、維護(hù)的幾率,間接增加了保護(hù)層材料的經(jīng)濟(jì)性。
[Abstract]:With the development of national economy. The demand for oil, natural gas and other energy in China is increasing day by day. In order to meet the national demand for energy, China has increased the scale of long-distance pipeline construction. In order to effectively protect the pipeline and anticorrosive coating from damage, the underground pipeline has strict requirements for the soil composition around it. However, in some mountainous areas where the geological conditions are even worse (such as rocky desertification area), it is impossible to find the soil suitable for backfill ditches, which requires long distance transportation of soil or crushing of large gravel, thus increasing the construction cost and prolonging the construction period. Based on this background, this paper studies and develops a kind of foam material with high strength, impact resistance and easy construction, which can be wrapped outside the pipe and make up for the drawback of the traditional backfill method of fine soil. The main research results of this paper are as follows: (1) by using the single factor experimental method, the experimental scheme of the ratio of protective layer materials is formulated, and seven groups of experiments are carried out. Through the impact test of simply supported beam on the sample, the influence trend of each component of the protective layer raw material on the impact property of the material is obtained. The compression strength of 230 KPA, the impact strength of 15.9J, the uniform bubble pore and the moderate density are determined by the comparison of each component test. Less dense protective layer material. There is no bad effect such as mutual corrosion between the protective material and PE coating of pipeline, so it can coexist with it for a long time. (2) the dynamic response of pipeline under impact load is studied by indoor model test. It is found that the depth of the cover subsidence and the pipeline stress increase with the increase of the thickness of the protective layer and the times of impact loading, and the stress growth coefficient of the pipeline with different thickness of the protective layer is obtained. By using ABAQUS finite element numerical analysis software, the dynamic variation laws of pipeline with different protective layer thickness, pipe diameter and drop height of weight hammer are analyzed, and the results of indoor model experiments and the economic performance of materials are considered. Finally, it is determined that the optimum thickness of protective layer material should be between 5-8cm. 3) by adopting the loading methods of block backfill, vehicle compaction, weight hammer impact, etc., the stress of PE anticorrosion layer and pipeline without protective coating is analyzed and compared. The influence of soil pressure and pipeline vibration acceleration. The protective layer can greatly reduce the dynamic response of the pipeline and protect the PE anticorrosion coating from damage when the original soil (block rock) is backfilled with the pipe trench, and when the heavy hammer impact load is acting on the soil above the pipe, The protective effect of the protective layer on the pipeline is also effective, but when the moving load of the vehicle, the protective effect of the protective layer on the pipeline is equivalent to that of the fine soil protection. In general, the protective effect of protective coating material on pipeline and PE anticorrosion coating is obviously better than that of fine soil on pipeline protection. 4) in this paper, combined with the characteristics of protective layer material, the site construction equipment system is designed. At the same time, two construction methods, spraying construction and pouring construction, are given. According to the site construction conditions, choosing suitable construction methods can greatly improve the construction progress of the protective layer and shorten the construction period. (5) the economy of the protective layer material is compared quantitatively with that of the traditional stone square crushing and the purchase of fine soil backfill. The results show that the economy of protective material is better than that of other ways, and the protective layer material increases the safety of PE protective layer and pipeline, reduces the risk of damage and burst, avoids the potential risk and loss, and reduces the probability of maintenance and maintenance. The economy of protective layer material is increased indirectly.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南交通大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類號(hào)】：TE973;TQ328.3

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本文編號(hào)：1894170