發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-12 06:26

  本文選題：偵查　切入點(diǎn)：偵查權(quán)　出處：《華東政法學(xué)院》2007年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】： 我國(guó)的刑事訴訟程序框架中,偵查與起訴、審判成為刑事訴訟程序的三大重要階段之一。我國(guó)現(xiàn)行憲法及法律規(guī)定,檢察機(jī)關(guān)行使職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán),對(duì)貪污賄賂及瀆職侵權(quán)等職務(wù)犯罪進(jìn)行偵查。當(dāng)前,我國(guó)法律理論界對(duì)于檢察職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)存在著較大的爭(zhēng)議,同時(shí)在檢察機(jī)關(guān)的職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)的行使過程中也存在著許多立法上、制度上或司法實(shí)踐上的問題。正確科學(xué)認(rèn)識(shí)和合理配置我國(guó)的職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán),對(duì)于檢察機(jī)關(guān)正確行使職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán),嚴(yán)肅查辦貪污賄賂等嚴(yán)重職務(wù)犯罪,推進(jìn)我國(guó)的反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)的深入開展,具有極其重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文分四章對(duì)我國(guó)的職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)進(jìn)行了較為系統(tǒng)和全面的論述,正文共計(jì)30000余字。 要研究我國(guó)的職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)問題,對(duì)其法律屬性的認(rèn)識(shí)是必須首先解決的前提之一。偵查在刑事訴訟程序中的地位決定了偵查權(quán)的法律屬性,而偵查權(quán)的法律屬性也決定著偵查權(quán)之運(yùn)行規(guī)律。我國(guó)學(xué)界對(duì)偵查權(quán)的概念及其法律屬性存在著不同的觀點(diǎn),有行政權(quán)說、司法權(quán)說和雙重屬性說。同樣,學(xué)界對(duì)職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)的法律屬性的認(rèn)識(shí),也存在著行政權(quán)說、監(jiān)督權(quán)說和司法權(quán)說的不同觀點(diǎn)。筆者認(rèn)為,關(guān)于偵查權(quán)的法律屬性認(rèn)識(shí),應(yīng)立足于本土法律制度和司法實(shí)踐,從偵查權(quán)在刑事訴訟程序的角度,分析其訴訟功能及法律地位。我國(guó)職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)的實(shí)質(zhì)仍屬于偵查權(quán),同屬于司法權(quán),與公安機(jī)關(guān)的刑事偵查權(quán)并無二致。 當(dāng)然,在立足本土法律理論和基本國(guó)情的前提下,應(yīng)堅(jiān)持為我所用、有所取舍地利用和借鑒世界各國(guó)(地區(qū))的有益經(jīng)驗(yàn)及成果。綜觀世界上多數(shù)國(guó)家和地區(qū),主要是通過檢察機(jī)關(guān)行使,或主導(dǎo)職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán),充分發(fā)揮了檢察機(jī)關(guān)的在反腐敗斗爭(zhēng)中的重要作用;或是設(shè)立專門的獨(dú)立性的反腐敗機(jī)構(gòu)。但各類職務(wù)犯罪偵查機(jī)構(gòu)的共同特征是專門性、獨(dú)立性及權(quán)威性。筆者通過各國(guó)制度的介紹和評(píng)析,以期拓展本文論述的視野和角度,也希望籍此了解更多的域外理論知識(shí)和研究成果。 筆者結(jié)合相關(guān)資料的收集或查閱,介紹了我國(guó)職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)的歷史演變及現(xiàn)狀。從司法實(shí)踐的視角和初步認(rèn)識(shí),分析了我國(guó)職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)制度存在的主要問題:首先是缺乏應(yīng)有的司法獨(dú)立性,法律規(guī)定的檢察機(jī)關(guān)獨(dú)立司法原則并未得到落實(shí);其次,偵查機(jī)構(gòu)的設(shè)置缺乏專門性、統(tǒng)一性,偵查觀念、偵查能力和偵查水平不適應(yīng)偵查工作需要;反腐敗機(jī)構(gòu)缺乏權(quán)威性和法律威懾力;同時(shí),職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)缺乏有效的監(jiān)督制約機(jī)制,包括對(duì)立案、偵查措施、審查起訴的審查監(jiān)督不夠,尤其是強(qiáng)制措施司法審查制度的缺失,往往導(dǎo)致偵查活動(dòng)中違法取證、非法搜查、侵犯人權(quán)等現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生。 我國(guó)職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)的合理配置及司法控制方面,筆者主要結(jié)合我國(guó)偵查學(xué)理論及司法實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn),提出解決當(dāng)前職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)專門立法、機(jī)構(gòu)配置、司法控制、監(jiān)督制約問題和司法實(shí)踐困境的途徑和設(shè)想。主要包括:立足本土法制傳統(tǒng)和現(xiàn)行憲政、法律框架,選擇適合我國(guó)國(guó)情的職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)制度的方向;加強(qiáng)和完善我國(guó)職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)的合理配置,建立適合的職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)司法控制體系和機(jī)制;改革和完善職務(wù)犯罪偵查權(quán)的監(jiān)督制約機(jī)制,充分發(fā)揮律師在偵查階段的監(jiān)督制約作用,實(shí)現(xiàn)公平、公正司法和保障人權(quán)的統(tǒng)一。
[Abstract]:In China's criminal procedure frame, investigation and prosecution, the trial has become one of the three important stages of criminal proceedings. In our current constitution and law, the procuratorial organs to exercise the right of investigation of official offence, to investigate the official corruption and malfeasance and other crimes. When ago, China's legal theory exists the dispute regarding the right of investigation of official offence, and the procuratorial organs in the exercise of the right of investigation of official offence there are many legislation, system or judicial practice problems. The correct scientific understanding and rational allocation of our power to investigate the duty crime and procuratorial organs to correct exercise of the right of investigation of official offence, serious investigation the corruption and bribery and other serious crimes, promote China's anti-corruption struggle, has extremely important practical significance. This paper is divided into four chapters on China's duty crime investigation A more systematic and comprehensive discussion is carried out, with more than 30000 words in the text.
The duty crime detection power problems to study China's understanding of its legal attribute is the premise of legal status of property investigation in criminal proceedings determines the power of investigation, and the legal attribute of the right of investigation also determines the operation rules of the investigative right. I Ancient Chinese Literature Search circles on the concept of the investigative right and the attribute of law, there are different views, with administrative power, judicial power and the double attribute. Similarly, academic understanding of the duty crime investigation of the legal attribute, there are different views of the executive power, supervision power and judicial power. The author believes that the legal attribute of the right to know about the investigation. Should be based on the local legal system and judicial practice, the right of investigation from the perspective of criminal proceedings, to analyze the function of litigation and legal status. The right of investigation of official offence in our country still belongs to the right of investigation, belong to judicial power The public security organ, and the criminal investigation power is the same.
Of course, in the premise of theory based on local law and the basic conditions, should insist to use, have a choice to use and reference to other countries (regions) of the useful experience and results. In most countries and regions in the world, is mainly exercised by the procuratorial organs, or the leading right of investigation of official offence, give full play to the important role in anti corruption in the procuratorial organs; or the establishment of anti-corruption agencies independence. But the common characteristics of various types of special duty crime investigation agency is specialized, independent and authoritative. The author states the introduction and evaluation of the systems, in order to expand the vision and perspective, also hope to learn more foreign theoretical knowledge and research results.
The author of the collection of related data access, introduces the historical evolution and current situation of duty crime investigation right in our country. And the preliminary understanding from the angle of view of judicial practice, analyzes the main problems of duty crime investigation rights system in China: the first is the lack of judicial independence, the law of the procuratorial organ judicial independence principle is not to be implemented; secondly, the lack of special investigation agencies, unity, concept of investigation, investigation ability and investigation level does not meet the investigation needs; anti-corruption institutions lack of authority and legal deterrence; at the same time, the duty crime detection power the lack of effective supervision and restriction mechanism, including the filing, investigation measures, examination and prosecution the examination and supervision is not enough, especially the lack of coercive measures of judicial review system, often lead to illegal evidence, investigation activities in illegal search, violations of human rights and other phenomena.
The rational allocation of judicial control and occupational crime investigation power in our country, the author mainly with China's investigative theory and judicial practice, put forward to solve the current job-related crimes investigation of the right configuration, special legislation, judicial control, ways and ideas of supervision problems and difficulties. The judicial practice mainly includes: Based on the local tradition and current legal system the constitutional and legal framework, selection for our duty crime investigation system of the right direction; to strengthen and improve the reasonable allocation of the duty crime investigation right of our country, the establishment of job-related crimes investigation of the right to judicial control system and mechanism for the reform and perfection of the duty crime investigation; the supervision mechanism, give full play to achieve fairness in law restriction, supervision at the stage of investigation, judicial justice and protection of human rights.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：華東政法學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2007
【分類號(hào)】：D918;D926.3

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)期刊論文 前1條

1 高松林;崔小龍;;試論懲防一體化在職務(wù)犯罪偵查與預(yù)防銜接中的應(yīng)用與完善[J];長(zhǎng)江師范學(xué)院學(xué)報(bào);2010年01期

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 劉雁翔;村官職務(wù)犯罪研究[D];南昌大學(xué);2010年

2 宮新軍;中國(guó)“村官”職務(wù)犯罪研究[D];中國(guó)政法大學(xué);2009年

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本文編號(hào)：1600323