發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-21 20:10

  本文選題：文化安全 + 軟實(shí)力　； 參考：《廣西師范大學(xué)》2014年碩士論文

【摘要】：冷戰(zhàn)后,全球化浪潮的興起,增強(qiáng)了國(guó)家間互補(bǔ)性、關(guān)聯(lián)性和依賴性。全球經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化和區(qū)域經(jīng)濟(jì)一體化是全球化的集中體現(xiàn)。然而,全球化不僅是經(jīng)濟(jì)領(lǐng)域的問題,而且還廣泛地涉及到政治、社會(huì)以及文化等多個(gè)領(lǐng)域,國(guó)際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的范疇也不僅停留在經(jīng)濟(jì)和軍事等領(lǐng)域,而且還擴(kuò)展到文化等過去無(wú)法想象的領(lǐng)域。因此,國(guó)家安全問題也從傳統(tǒng)的軍事安全、政治安全等領(lǐng)域“外溢”到社會(huì)、經(jīng)濟(jì)、文化安全等非傳統(tǒng)安全領(lǐng)域。 再者,以上世紀(jì)70年代布雷頓森林體系的崩潰為標(biāo)志,美國(guó)逐漸呈現(xiàn)衰落的發(fā)展態(tài)勢(shì)。雖然蘇聯(lián)的突然毀滅,冷戰(zhàn)后“一超多強(qiáng)”的國(guó)際格局并不預(yù)示美國(guó)“復(fù)興”到二戰(zhàn)后的超強(qiáng)地位。由于國(guó)際權(quán)力是一常量,決定了國(guó)家間的權(quán)力之爭(zhēng)是一場(chǎng)零和游戲,因此,隨著中國(guó)、俄羅斯等大國(guó)的崛起,加快了美國(guó)邁入“衰落”的快車道。不過,全球化浪潮、地區(qū)大國(guó)的崛起、國(guó)際權(quán)力的轉(zhuǎn)移等因素帶給美國(guó)企圖建立“單極霸權(quán)”的諸多障礙。然而,美國(guó)依然表現(xiàn)出強(qiáng)烈地領(lǐng)導(dǎo)世界的意愿,維護(hù)其霸權(quán)地位自二戰(zhàn)以來一直是美國(guó)的“天定命運(yùn)”。于是,冷戰(zhàn)后在美國(guó)政治學(xué)界興起研究“軟實(shí)力”的熱潮。“軟實(shí)力”是相對(duì)于領(lǐng)土、人口、經(jīng)濟(jì)、軍事力量等“硬實(shí)力”而言的政治學(xué)理論,主要是指一國(guó)同化其它國(guó)家的權(quán)力,主要由文化吸引力、意識(shí)形態(tài)和國(guó)際制度等因素構(gòu)成。也就是說,以美國(guó)為首的西方大國(guó),在硬實(shí)力衰落的情勢(shì)下,積極調(diào)整其對(duì)外戰(zhàn)略,企圖運(yùn)用“軟實(shí)力”來維護(hù)其霸權(quán)地位。這些調(diào)整的戰(zhàn)略即“文化戰(zhàn)略”,葛蘭西、薩義德等稱之為“文化帝國(guó)主義”。西方大國(guó)的“文化戰(zhàn)略”嚴(yán)重威脅到發(fā)展中國(guó)家的國(guó)家安全,嚴(yán)重挑戰(zhàn)了這些國(guó)家的文化獨(dú)立性、文化主權(quán)等,中國(guó)也不例外。因此,在當(dāng)前西方大國(guó)文化戰(zhàn)略背景下,我國(guó)存在嚴(yán)峻的文化安全問題。 文化是國(guó)家發(fā)展的重要來源,文化軟實(shí)力是維護(hù)國(guó)家安全的重要力量,文化安全是國(guó)家發(fā)展的前提條件,是國(guó)家安全的基本保證。國(guó)家文化軟實(shí)力的建設(shè)有利于文化安全的保障,文化軟實(shí)力的建構(gòu)有利于實(shí)現(xiàn)民族文化認(rèn)同,文化軟實(shí)力的有利于國(guó)際形象的改善。在此背景下,加強(qiáng)我國(guó)文化軟實(shí)力的建設(shè)和提升尤為重要。要維護(hù)國(guó)家的文化安全,必須加強(qiáng)國(guó)家軟實(shí)力的建設(shè),增強(qiáng)國(guó)家的綜合實(shí)力。但是,我國(guó)文化創(chuàng)新能力不足,文化產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展不完善,國(guó)家對(duì)文化建設(shè)的投入力度不足,直接決定了我國(guó)的文化軟實(shí)力遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)落后西方大國(guó)。因此,加強(qiáng)我國(guó)文化創(chuàng)新力,實(shí)現(xiàn)傳統(tǒng)文化的現(xiàn)代化；大力完善文化產(chǎn)業(yè),提高文化的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)力,為夯實(shí)我國(guó)軟實(shí)力奠定基礎(chǔ),從而也維護(hù)我國(guó)的文化安全。
[Abstract]:After the Cold War, the rise of globalization has enhanced the complementarity, relevance and dependence among countries. Global economic integration and regional economic integration are the concentrated embodiment of globalization. However, globalization is not only a problem in the economic field, but also involves a wide range of fields, such as politics, society and culture, and the scope of international competition is not confined to the economic and military fields. It also extends to areas that were previously unthinkable, such as culture. Therefore, the problem of national security also from the traditional military security, political security and other fields "spillover" to social, economic, cultural security and other non-traditional security areas. Furthermore, the collapse of the Bretton Woods system in the 1970s marked the decline of the United States. Despite the sudden destruction of the Soviet Union, the international situation of "one superpower" after the Cold War does not foreshadow the super-power position of the United States after World War II. Because the international power is a constant, it is a zero-sum game to decide the power struggle between the countries. Therefore, with the rise of China, Russia and other big countries, the United States has stepped into the fast lane of "decline". However, the tide of globalization, the rise of regional powers and the transfer of international power have brought many obstacles to the United States' attempts to establish "unipolar hegemony". However, the United States still shows a strong will to lead the world, maintaining its hegemonic position has been America's "destiny" since World War II. Therefore, after the cold war in the American political circles, the rise of the "soft power" upsurge. "soft power" is a political theory relative to "hard power" such as territory, population, economy and military power. It mainly refers to the assimilation of power of one country to other countries and is mainly composed of factors such as cultural attraction, ideology and international system. In other words, under the situation of decline of hard power, the western powers led by the United States actively adjust their foreign strategy and attempt to use "soft power" to maintain their hegemonic position. These adjusting strategies are called "cultural strategy", which Gramsci and said are called "cultural imperialism". The "cultural strategy" of the big Western countries seriously threatens the national security of the developing countries, seriously challenges the cultural independence and cultural sovereignty of these countries, and China is no exception. Therefore, under the background of the cultural strategy of the western great powers, there are serious cultural security problems in our country. Culture is an important source of national development, cultural soft power is an important force to maintain national security, cultural security is a prerequisite for national development, is the basic guarantee of national security. The construction of national cultural soft power is conducive to the protection of cultural security, the construction of cultural soft power is conducive to the realization of national cultural identity, cultural soft power is conducive to the improvement of the international image. In this context, strengthening the construction and promotion of cultural soft power is particularly important. In order to maintain the national cultural security, we must strengthen the construction of national soft power and strengthen the comprehensive strength of the country. However, our country's cultural innovation ability is insufficient, the cultural industry development is not perfect, and the national investment in cultural construction is insufficient, which directly determines that our country's cultural soft power lags far behind the western countries. Therefore, we should strengthen the ability of cultural innovation, realize the modernization of traditional culture, improve the cultural industry and enhance the competitiveness of culture so as to lay a foundation for the consolidation of soft power in our country, and thus to safeguard the cultural security of our country.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廣西師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：G123

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