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  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 唐五代 畜牧經(jīng)濟　出處：《廈門大學(xué)》2004年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：唐代社會政治、經(jīng)濟、文化繁榮昌盛，成就顯赫，備受古今中外學(xué)者稱頌。唐政府極端重視官營畜牧業(yè)的發(fā)展，設(shè)立了完善的管理機構(gòu)，，在中央有太仆寺、尚書駕部、尚乘局齊抓共管；太仆寺下有龐大的監(jiān)牧系統(tǒng)，配備有從監(jiān)牧使到牧監(jiān)、牧尉、牧長，直到牧子的管理和牧養(yǎng)人員，有一整套頗為完備的運作管理制度。 為保證畜牧業(yè)的健康有序發(fā)展，唐政府制定了一套規(guī)范畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展的政策法令——“廄牧令”，作為畜牧官吏遵守的手則。為保證“廄牧令”的貫徹執(zhí)行，唐政府又制定了廄牧律，以備對違反政策法令者的懲罰和制裁。 唐代官府畜牧業(yè)，在前期的一百多年時間里，以國家監(jiān)牧為基礎(chǔ)，取得了空前的發(fā)展。在地方上，也有興盛的畜牧業(yè)經(jīng)營。在國家號令統(tǒng)一的形勢下，整個唐代畜牧業(yè)的蓬勃發(fā)展，創(chuàng)造了我國歷史上的輝煌業(yè)績。唐后期及五代，官營畜牧業(yè)的重心，轉(zhuǎn)向地方。 私營畜牧業(yè)的普遍繁盛，多以個體農(nóng)戶為主體，大牲畜的牧養(yǎng)，多與農(nóng)耕、農(nóng)事相結(jié)合。而家畜家禽飼養(yǎng)業(yè)，多作為農(nóng)業(yè)的副業(yè)和補充產(chǎn)業(yè)而存在，按不同地域自然條件所給予的適合環(huán)境，遍地開花，蓬勃發(fā)展，并各具特色。 畜種改良與畜牧技術(shù)的改進，是唐五代畜牧業(yè)發(fā)展需求的必然結(jié)果。在此期間，不僅從域外引進了許多新的畜種，而且在監(jiān)牧、在民間還培育了不少新品種。在畜牧技術(shù)和獸醫(yī)學(xué)方面，都有一些新突破。 總之，唐五代畜牧業(yè)的興旺發(fā)達，為當(dāng)時社會政治、軍事、經(jīng)濟生活等提供了物質(zhì)保證，增強了國力，滿足了整個社會物質(zhì)生活需求的供給�？梢哉f，有唐一代，畜牧業(yè)與農(nóng)業(yè)和手工業(yè)、商業(yè)等相依相伴，彼此共生共存，協(xié)調(diào)發(fā)展，取得可喜成就，是封建社會經(jīng)濟結(jié)構(gòu)中不可或缺的產(chǎn)業(yè)。
[Abstract]:Tang Dynasty social politics, economy, culture prosperity, great achievements, is praised by scholars at all times and all over the world. The Tang government attached great importance to the development of official animal husbandry, set up a sound management agencies, in the central government has a temple. Book driving department, still riding the board to grasp the joint management; Under the temple, there is a huge system of supervision and grazing. It is equipped with a complete set of operational management systems, ranging from pastoral officers to pastoral officers, rangers, chief pastoralists, and pastoralists. In order to ensure the healthy and orderly development of animal husbandry, the Tang government formulated a set of policies and decrees to regulate the development of animal husbandry-"stable Animal Husbandry order". In order to ensure the implementation of the "stable grazing order", the Tang government formulated the law of stable grazing in order to punish and punish the violators of the policy and decrees. In the early period of more than 100 years, the government animal husbandry of the Tang Dynasty made unprecedented development based on the national supervision of animal husbandry. In the local area, there was also a prosperous animal husbandry management. Under the situation of the unity of the state order. The vigorous development of animal husbandry in the whole Tang Dynasty created brilliant achievements in the history of our country. In the late Tang Dynasty and the five dynasties, the center of gravity of the official animal husbandry turned to the place. Private animal husbandry is generally prosperous, with individual farmers as the main body, the grazing of large livestock, and farming, farming and farming, and livestock and poultry farming industry, as agricultural sideline and supplementary industries exist. According to different regional natural conditions to give suitable environment, blooming everywhere, vigorous development, and have their own characteristics. The improvement of livestock breeding and animal husbandry technology is the inevitable result of the development of animal husbandry in the Tang and the five dynasties. During this period, not only many new livestock species were introduced from abroad, but also many new animal breeds were introduced into supervision. Many new varieties have been cultivated in the folk, and some new breakthroughs have been made in animal husbandry technology and veterinary medicine. In a word, the prosperity and development of animal husbandry in Tang and five dynasties provided material guarantee for social politics, military affairs and economic life at that time, enhanced national strength and satisfied the supply of material life demand of the whole society. In the Tang Dynasty, animal husbandry was accompanied by agriculture, handicraft and commerce. It co-existed with each other, developed harmoniously and achieved gratifying achievements. It was an indispensable industry in the economic structure of feudal society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：廈門大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2004
【分類號】：K242

【引證文獻】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 柴國生;唐宋時期生物質(zhì)能源開發(fā)利用研究[D];鄭州大學(xué);2012年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條

1 惠媛;唐代北方羊肉飲食探微[D];陜西師范大學(xué);2011年

2 杜遠東;唐代駱駝研究[D];浙江大學(xué);2012年

本文編號：1490286