發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-13 07:18

  本文選題：清代　切入點(diǎn)：獎(jiǎng)賞　出處：《浙江大學(xué)》2005年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：賞與罰是歷代統(tǒng)治者慣用的統(tǒng)治手法,二者相輔相成,交相為用,賞用以勸善,罰 用以懲惡。不了解一個(gè)時(shí)期的制度,就不可能全面而準(zhǔn)確地認(rèn)識(shí)社會(huì)。獎(jiǎng)賞是清代政治 制度的重要組成部分,幾乎每次重大的歷史事件均伴隨著大規(guī)模的獎(jiǎng)賞。毫不夸張地說, 獎(jiǎng)賞制度是清朝歷史發(fā)展的縮影。目前,國內(nèi)外學(xué)者關(guān)于清代制度史的論著,只是零星 地涉及到獎(jiǎng)賞制度的某些方面,而且大多局限于某個(gè)方面的專題研究,系統(tǒng)研究清代獎(jiǎng) 賞制度的論著尚未出現(xiàn),本文試圖盡力彌補(bǔ)清史研究領(lǐng)域的這一缺陷。 作者在《清實(shí)錄》、《清會(huì)典》、《清史稿》等文獻(xiàn)資料以及豐富的清人筆記的基礎(chǔ)上, 對(duì)清代的獎(jiǎng)賞制度進(jìn)行清理。并力圖運(yùn)用歷史學(xué)、社會(huì)學(xué)、心理學(xué)等學(xué)科的一些理論與 方法,采取宏觀制度敘述與微觀個(gè)案分析相結(jié)合的方法,進(jìn)行必要的統(tǒng)計(jì),舉出一些有 代表性的事例佐以論述。在此基礎(chǔ)上,將獎(jiǎng)賞作為一種制度化的激勵(lì)機(jī)制,探討其在維 護(hù)政治統(tǒng)治、綱常名教及社會(huì)風(fēng)尚等方面的作用。并將獎(jiǎng)賞作為觀察清代社會(huì),解讀制 度背后深層次東西的一個(gè)獨(dú)特視角。 全文共分為三大部分八章內(nèi)容: 第一部分為第一章,是文章的緒論部分,主要闡述本課題的選擇依據(jù),以及研究具 有的學(xué)科及現(xiàn)實(shí)意義,并介紹了關(guān)于本課題的研究成果。 第二部分為第二至第七章,是獎(jiǎng)賞制度的陳說部分。主要對(duì)清代獎(jiǎng)賞制度中所涉及 的獎(jiǎng)勞勸功、旌表制度、禮敬高年、恤賞措施、飾終令典、俎豆馨香等六個(gè)方面進(jìn)行比 較系統(tǒng)的敘述,追溯其歷史淵源、比較其與前代的差別、考查制度的實(shí)施情況,并簡要 地加以分析。 第三部分為論文的第八章,為論文的結(jié)論部分,對(duì)清代獎(jiǎng)賞制度的一些主要問題進(jìn) 行歸納,總結(jié)出其主要特點(diǎn)、在清代社會(huì)中所起的主要作用及獎(jiǎng)賞制度中存在的諸多問 題等。 總體上來看,獎(jiǎng)賞制度在維護(hù)清代政治統(tǒng)治、綱常名教、社會(huì)風(fēng)尚等方面發(fā)揮了相 當(dāng)重要的作用。但也應(yīng)注意到:花費(fèi)巨大財(cái)力、物力進(jìn)行的獎(jiǎng)賞制度不過是清廷恩威并 用的一種手段。而且,乾隆中期以后,獎(jiǎng)賞制度執(zhí)行過程中越來越多地?fù)诫s著急功近利、 沽名釣譽(yù)等因素,冒濫、貪墨等現(xiàn)象亦大量地存在著。尤其是晚清時(shí)候,清廷面臨非常 態(tài)的壓力,為了籠絡(luò)人心,大規(guī)模地運(yùn)用獎(jiǎng)賞手段,使濫用現(xiàn)象非常普遍,因而導(dǎo)致獎(jiǎng) 賞與榮譽(yù)貶值,逐漸喪失作為維護(hù)統(tǒng)治的一個(gè)較為有效的重要手段。所有這些表明:繁 榮鼎盛的背后隱藏著諸多體制上的問題。雖然不是獎(jiǎng)賞措施導(dǎo)致了清朝的衰落,至少從 中暴露出一系列衰敗的跡象�？傊�,不應(yīng)把獎(jiǎng)賞看作是靈丹妙藥,作為激勵(lì)的唯一手段, 這是獎(jiǎng)賞能否充分發(fā)揮作用的首要條件。
[Abstract]:Rewards and penalties are the usual ruling ways, the two complement each other, Jiaoxiangweiyong, reward for good deeds, penalty
To punish. Do not understand the system of a period of time, can not be comprehensive and accurate understanding of society. The reward is in the Qing Dynasty
The important part of the system is that almost every major historical event is accompanied by a large reward.
The reward system is the epitome of the historical development of the Qing Dynasty. At present, the scholars at home and abroad on the history of the Qing Dynasty system are only fragmentary.
It involves some aspects of the reward system, and is mostly limited to a particular topic and studies the Qing Dynasty award system.
Reward system works has not yet appeared, this paper attempts to remedy the defects of the research field.
The < > qingshilu, < < > Qing Huidian, based on literature and history of Qing Dynasty > rich notes on the Qing dynasty,
To clean up the reward system in the Qing Dynasty and try to use some theories and theories of history, sociology, psychology and other disciplines.
Method, adopt the method of combining the macroscopic system narration with the microcosmic case analysis, carry on the necessary statistics, and give out some of them.
On the basis of this, the reward is regarded as a institutionalized incentive mechanism, and its dimension is discussed.
Support political rule, tsunatsune norm and social customs and other aspects of the role. And will reward as observed in Qing Dynasty, interpretation system
A unique perspective behind the depth of the degree.
The full text is divided into three parts and eight chapters.
The first part is the first chapter, which is the introduction part of the article. It mainly expounds the selection basis of the subject and the research tools.
There are some subjects and practical significance, and the research results on this subject are introduced.
The second part is the second to seventh chapters. It is a part of the reward system. It is mainly involved in the reward system of the Qing Dynasty.
The award of labor power, the system, "years, pension reward measures, with final order code, six aspects of a sacrificial rites
More systematic narration, tracing back its historical origin, comparing its differences with the previous generation, examining the implementation of the system, and briefly
Analyze it.
The third part is the eighth chapter of the paper. For the conclusion part of the paper, some major problems of the reward system in the Qing Dynasty are introduced.
The main features, the main functions of the Qing Dynasty society and the many questions in the reward system are summed up.
Question and so on.
Overall, the reward system in the maintenance of political rule in the Qing Dynasty, Confucianism, social morality plays phase
As an important role. But attention should also be paid to spend huge financial resources to carry out the reward system, but the Qing government and Mathias
A means of use. Moreover, after the mid - Qianlong period, the implementation of the reward system is more and more mingled with instant benefits.
Fish for fame and other factors, and the phenomenon of being excessive, also existed. Especially in the late Qing Dynasty, the Qing government faced the very
Normal pressure, in order to win over the people, large-scale use of reward means, the abuse of the phenomenon is very common, which lead to the award
Honor and depreciation, gradual loss of maintenance as a rule means more effective. All of these show that the propagation of
There are many institutional problems hidden behind the prosperity. Although not the reward measures have led to the decline of the Qing Dynasty, at least,
A series of signs of decay are exposed. In a word, reward should not be regarded as a panacea, as the only means of encouragement.
This is the first condition for a reward to make full use of it.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：浙江大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2005
【分類號(hào)】：K249

【引證文獻(xiàn)】

相關(guān)博士學(xué)位論文 前1條

1 王春花;唐代老年人口研究[D];山東大學(xué);2011年

相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前7條

1 陳軼歐;八旗滿洲官宦世家探論[D];遼寧師范大學(xué);2010年

2 劉園園;北宋旌表制度初探[D];上海師范大學(xué);2011年

3 劉洋;清代前期旌表制度研究[D];黑龍江大學(xué);2011年

4 韓帥;漢代旌表制度初探[D];山東師范大學(xué);2008年

5 吳艷艷;中國古代旌表制度研究[D];黑龍江大學(xué);2009年

6 秦雙星;情理法視閾下中國古代復(fù)仇現(xiàn)象研究[D];黑龍江大學(xué);2009年

7 祁艷偉;晚清旌表制度變遷初探[D];河北師范大學(xué);2012年

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本文編號(hào)：1605339