發(fā)布時間：2018-04-05 11:38

  本文選題：環(huán)境質(zhì)量　切入點：能源　出處：《江蘇大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：環(huán)境、能源、經(jīng)濟增長是21世紀中國發(fā)展面臨的三個重大問題,也是全人類發(fā)展面臨的共同問題。上世紀90年代以來,國民經(jīng)濟發(fā)展迅速,人民的生活發(fā)生了翻天覆地的變化,但是隨著國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值不斷增加與重工業(yè)迅速發(fā)展,導(dǎo)致生態(tài)環(huán)境遭受嚴重污染,不可再生能源存量也日益劇減,環(huán)境、能源與經(jīng)濟可持續(xù)健康增長問題亟待解決。在中國經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的大環(huán)境下,保護環(huán)境的同時維持我國經(jīng)濟健康可持續(xù)發(fā)展,科學(xué)有效的協(xié)調(diào)環(huán)境、能源與經(jīng)濟增長的政策尤為重要。本文首先將環(huán)境質(zhì)量、污染強度、能源三種因素引入經(jīng)濟增長模型,通過分析經(jīng)濟增長模型的最優(yōu)增長路徑,探討環(huán)境質(zhì)量、污染強度、能源對經(jīng)濟長期均衡增長的影響作用。然后建立基于常數(shù)替代彈性生產(chǎn)函數(shù)(CES)的能源—環(huán)境—經(jīng)濟(簡稱3E)經(jīng)濟增長模型,首先討論經(jīng)濟效益最大化時化石能源與可再生能源的關(guān)系,并給出具體分析步驟,然后討論在社會福利最大化時影響經(jīng)濟增長的因素,探索實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟持續(xù)增長的有效措施。得到如下結(jié)論:一、現(xiàn)實社會環(huán)境中,經(jīng)濟增長率受多種因素的制約,其中環(huán)境自身凈化能力越高,經(jīng)濟增長越快,能源生產(chǎn)量越多;資源再生率與經(jīng)濟增長率同方向變化,經(jīng)濟增長率隨著資源再生率的增加而增加;污染強度除了與污染程度指數(shù)有關(guān),還與貼現(xiàn)率和環(huán)境自身凈化能力的差值有關(guān),當貼現(xiàn)率與環(huán)境自身凈化能力差值不同時,污染強度也有所不同。二、在經(jīng)濟效益最大時,化石能源投入量與可再生能源投入量的比率由分配系數(shù)、化石能源-可再生能源的替代彈性系數(shù)決定;在社會福利最大化時,環(huán)境質(zhì)量和經(jīng)濟持續(xù)增長同方向變化,也就是說如果環(huán)境質(zhì)量提高,經(jīng)濟增長率有可能隨之增加,即理論上經(jīng)濟增長和環(huán)境質(zhì)量是可以兼顧的。本文的創(chuàng)新之處在于將能源環(huán)境質(zhì)量以及污染強度納入經(jīng)濟增長模型,進行推理分析,討論環(huán)境自身的凈化能力、資源再生率、技術(shù)取代水平等參數(shù)對經(jīng)濟增長率的影響作用。以及建立基于常數(shù)替代彈性生產(chǎn)函數(shù)的能源-環(huán)境-經(jīng)濟(3E)經(jīng)濟增長模型,分別討論了實現(xiàn)經(jīng)濟效益最大化時化石能源投入量與可再生能源投入量的比例,以及社會福利最大化時環(huán)境質(zhì)量與經(jīng)濟增長能否同方向增長。最后結(jié)合相關(guān)的結(jié)論,給出一系列的政策建議。
[Abstract]:Environment, energy and economic growth are three major problems facing China's development in the 21st century, and they are also common problems facing the development of all mankind.Since the 1990s, the national economy has developed rapidly and the people's lives have undergone earth-shaking changes. However, with the constant increase of GDP and the rapid development of heavy industry, the ecological environment has suffered serious pollution.The stock of non-renewable energy is also decreasing rapidly. The sustainable and healthy growth of environment, energy and economy needs to be solved urgently.Under the environment of China's economic development, it is particularly important to protect the environment while maintaining the healthy and sustainable development of our economy, to coordinate the environment scientifically and effectively, and the policy of energy and economic growth.In this paper, three factors, environmental quality, pollution intensity and energy, are introduced into the economic growth model. By analyzing the optimal growth path of the economic growth model, the effects of environmental quality, pollution intensity and energy on the long-term balanced economic growth are discussed.Then a model of energy-environment-economy (3E-) economic growth based on constant substitution elastic production function (CES) is established. Firstly, the relationship between fossil energy and renewable energy when economic benefits are maximized is discussed, and the concrete analysis steps are given.Then it discusses the factors that influence the economic growth when the social welfare is maximized, and explores the effective measures to realize the sustained economic growth.The conclusions are as follows: first, in the real social environment, the economic growth rate is restricted by many factors, in which the higher the purification capacity of the environment itself, the faster the economic growth, the more energy production, the more the resource regeneration rate changes in the same direction as the economic growth rate.The economic growth rate increases with the increase of resource regeneration rate, and the pollution intensity is related to not only the pollution degree index, but also the difference between the discount rate and the environmental self-purification ability, when the difference between the discount rate and the environmental self-purification ability is not the same.Pollution intensity is also different.Second, the ratio of fossil energy input to renewable energy input is determined by the distribution coefficient, the substitution elasticity coefficient of fossil energy and renewable energy when the economic benefits are maximum, and when the social welfare is maximized, the ratio of fossil energy input to renewable energy input is determined by the distribution coefficient.Environmental quality and economic growth change in the same direction, that is, if the environmental quality is improved, the economic growth rate is likely to increase, that is, in theory, economic growth and environmental quality can be taken into account.The innovation of this paper lies in bringing the quality of energy and environment and pollution intensity into the economic growth model, carrying on the reasoning analysis, discussing the influence of the environment's own purification ability, resource regeneration rate and technological substitution level on the economic growth rate.Based on the constant substitution elastic production function, the economic growth model of energy, environment and economy is established, and the ratio of fossil energy input to renewable energy input in maximizing economic benefits is discussed respectively.And social welfare maximization of environmental quality and economic growth in the same direction growth.Finally, a series of policy recommendations are given in combination with the relevant conclusions.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：江蘇大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：X22

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