發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-31 07:44

  本文選題：產(chǎn)業(yè)集群 + 路徑依賴��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年博士論文

【摘要】：近年來,復(fù)雜多變的國際產(chǎn)業(yè)環(huán)境、產(chǎn)業(yè)結(jié)構(gòu)優(yōu)化升級(jí)和產(chǎn)業(yè)集群轉(zhuǎn)型、技術(shù)和管理的創(chuàng)新升級(jí)以及新技術(shù)、新興產(chǎn)業(yè)和新的需求不斷地涌現(xiàn),給政府和企業(yè)帶來了巨大的競爭壓力和挑戰(zhàn),產(chǎn)業(yè)政策的調(diào)整也勢在必行。因此,了解產(chǎn)業(yè)和產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的演化規(guī)律及其機(jī)理,對(duì)于政府、企業(yè)和學(xué)術(shù)界而言均十分必要。產(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化理論處于產(chǎn)業(yè)經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、地理經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)、制度經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)等相關(guān)學(xué)科的交匯領(lǐng)域,作為共同的研究對(duì)象,已成為當(dāng)代經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)領(lǐng)域極富生命力的研究熱點(diǎn)。產(chǎn)業(yè)集群研究的角度和方法很多,在理論研究上也已取得了一定成果,在一定程度上解釋了產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的形成、生長、衰退規(guī)律及其對(duì)企業(yè)績效、產(chǎn)業(yè)整合、產(chǎn)業(yè)創(chuàng)新、區(qū)域發(fā)展的互動(dòng)作用機(jī)理。但產(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化的空間動(dòng)態(tài)化規(guī)律尚有許多問題有待解決:產(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化過程研究大多是以一般均衡理論視角為切入點(diǎn),演化路徑被解釋為不同節(jié)點(diǎn)的均衡狀態(tài)的連續(xù),完全忽略了路徑依賴現(xiàn)象在產(chǎn)業(yè)發(fā)展路徑成形、企業(yè)經(jīng)營戰(zhàn)略決策、政府產(chǎn)業(yè)政策制定等眾多領(lǐng)域的關(guān)鍵作用。關(guān)于路徑依賴的部分研究,還涉及到產(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化、新產(chǎn)業(yè)形成、政策績效等問題。但直到目前,學(xué)術(shù)界尚未提出完整的路徑依賴整合理論,產(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化研究領(lǐng)域存在著不同的相對(duì)獨(dú)立的研究視角:一種是在不考慮產(chǎn)業(yè)形成路徑的前提下,單純研究地理經(jīng)濟(jì)演化和產(chǎn)業(yè)空間布局;這種研究仍然無法解釋資源稟賦、環(huán)境因素等條件相同的前提下,地區(qū)之間產(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化路徑差距的原因。在同樣的地方條件、制度特點(diǎn)下,偶然事件、歷史慣性等軟因素,也會(huì)影響其演化路徑。因此可以說,經(jīng)濟(jì)主體的行為和產(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化路徑具有不可預(yù)測性、非遍歷性,甚至在不均衡不合理的狀態(tài)下被長期鎖定。另一種產(chǎn)業(yè)研究角度,比較注重于企業(yè)行為的研究,試圖從企業(yè)管理、戰(zhàn)略、資源、競爭力因素等方面解釋產(chǎn)業(yè)和產(chǎn)業(yè)集群的演化路徑,但這一類研究忽略了企業(yè)行為對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化過程的影響,因此對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)演化研究存在不足。為了補(bǔ)償現(xiàn)有的產(chǎn)業(yè)集群研究的空白,本文將路徑依賴和路徑創(chuàng)造理論引入產(chǎn)業(yè)集群研究領(lǐng)域,建立了路徑依賴下的產(chǎn)業(yè)集群自適應(yīng)演化模式,并在此模型研究過程中提出了防鎖和解鎖策略。本文提出的研究思路和方法價(jià)值:在于能夠?qū)Ξa(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化過程和路徑形成提供新的定量和模擬分析方法,而且能夠?yàn)槠髽I(yè)和政府在路徑依賴條件下提供防鎖政策的數(shù)據(jù)和經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)支持,為解鎖政策和企業(yè)決策提供有效的定量分析方法。仿真分析能夠反映出產(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化規(guī)律以及企業(yè)之間的合作形式和競爭對(duì)整體演化規(guī)律的影響。此外,本文采用的方法為其他相關(guān)研究提供了參考和依據(jù)。本文對(duì)路徑依賴的形成進(jìn)行了詳細(xì)的描述,將從多種競爭性選擇共存的狀態(tài)向單一選擇狀態(tài)的轉(zhuǎn)換過程作為路徑依賴形成過程,提出了產(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化的有效(相對(duì)有效)和無效(鎖定)的演化路徑,為以后進(jìn)行實(shí)證分析提出了檢驗(yàn)路徑依賴現(xiàn)象的思路框架和方法。同時(shí),還提出了企業(yè)管理決策者的創(chuàng)新性和慣性的分類這一觀念,在此基礎(chǔ)上建立了評(píng)估企業(yè)管理上路徑依賴驗(yàn)證的主要思路和變量分析方法。產(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化路徑形成過程中的地理位置因素和最初條件因素(如產(chǎn)權(quán)結(jié)構(gòu),制度特征等)對(duì)演化路徑起著重要的影響作用。為此,本文建立了對(duì)路徑依賴定性和定量分析的指標(biāo)體系,對(duì)網(wǎng)絡(luò)效應(yīng)、收益遞增、戰(zhàn)略自由度和不確定性四個(gè)因素進(jìn)行研究。同時(shí),在對(duì)50多家企業(yè)進(jìn)行的問卷調(diào)查數(shù)據(jù)的基礎(chǔ)上,進(jìn)行了綜合指標(biāo)評(píng)估,實(shí)證分析、說明了路徑依賴形成的傾向度和公司經(jīng)營年限、本土化程度、網(wǎng)絡(luò)聯(lián)久度、增長速度和加速度以及戰(zhàn)略慣性之間存在明顯的相關(guān)性。進(jìn)而,本文闡述了粒子群優(yōu)化(PSO)過程和企業(yè)在產(chǎn)業(yè)集群環(huán)境下的動(dòng)態(tài)存在相同規(guī)律,并使用了粒子群優(yōu)化(PSO)算法對(duì)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化進(jìn)行模擬仿真,這對(duì)于產(chǎn)業(yè)集群最優(yōu)化演化路徑探索也具有重要啟示意義。用PSO和自組織神經(jīng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)模型對(duì)醫(yī)藥行業(yè)集群演化進(jìn)行的仿真分析,說明了優(yōu)化參數(shù)具體的經(jīng)濟(jì)意義與路徑依賴不同層面、不同程度的關(guān)系。仿真分析通過對(duì)實(shí)證數(shù)據(jù)的大量實(shí)驗(yàn)估算,給出了具有借鑒指導(dǎo)意義的管控參數(shù)組合,在結(jié)合企業(yè)和政府主體的對(duì)應(yīng)行為績效分析條件下,揭示出制度安排對(duì)于修正產(chǎn)業(yè)集群演化路徑依賴有著更加系統(tǒng)的重要作用。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the complex and changeable international industrial environment, the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure and the transformation of industrial clusters, the innovation and upgrading of technology and management, new technologies, new industries and new demands are constantly emerging, which have brought great competition pressure and challenge to the government and enterprises, and the adjustment of industrial policies is imperative. Therefore, to understand the industry and production. The evolution law and its mechanism of industry cluster are necessary for the government, enterprises and academics. The theory of industrial cluster evolution is in the intersection of industrial economics, geo economics, institutional economics and other related disciplines. As a common research object, it has become a hot research focus in the field of contemporary economics. There are many research perspectives and methods, and some achievements have been made in theoretical research. To a certain extent, the formation, growth and decline of industrial clusters and the interaction mechanism of industrial integration, industrial integration, industrial innovation and regional development are explained to a certain extent. However, there are still many problems to be solved in the spatial dynamics of industrial cluster evolution. The research on the evolution process of industrial cluster is mostly based on the perspective of general equilibrium theory, and the evolutionary path is interpreted as the continuity of the equilibrium state of different nodes. It completely ignores the key role of path dependence in many fields, such as industrial development path forming, enterprise management strategy decision, government industrial policy formulation and so on. Part of the study is related to the evolution of industrial clusters, the formation of new industries, policy performance and other problems. But until now, the academic circle has not yet put forward a complete path dependence integration theory, and there are different relative independent research perspectives in the field of industrial cluster evolution research: one is, on the premise of not considering the path of industrial formation, Dan Chunyan The study of geographical and economic evolution and industrial spatial distribution is still unable to explain the reasons for the evolutionary path gap between regional industrial clusters under the same conditions as resource endowments and environmental factors. Under the same local conditions, system characteristics, contingency, historical inertia and other soft factors, it can also affect its evolutionary path. It is said that the behavior of the economic subject and the evolutionary path of the industrial cluster are unpredictable, non ergodicity, and are locked for a long time even in the unequal and irrational state. Another industry research angle is more focused on the study of enterprise behavior, trying to explain the industry and industrial clusters from the aspects of enterprise management, strategy, resources and competitiveness. Evolution path, but this kind of research ignores the influence of enterprise behavior on the evolution process of industrial cluster, so there is a shortage of industrial evolution research. In order to compensate the gap of the existing industrial cluster research, this paper introduces the path dependence and path creation theory into the industry cluster research domain, and establishes the industrial cluster adaptation under the path dependence. The strategy of anti lock and unlocking is put forward in the research process of this model. The research ideas and methods proposed in this paper are to provide new quantitative and analog analysis methods for the evolution process and path formation of industrial clusters, and to provide data and classics for enterprises and governments to provide anti lock policies under the path dependent conditions. It provides an effective quantitative analysis method for unlocking policy and enterprise decision. The simulation analysis can reflect the evolution law of industrial cluster and the influence of cooperation form and competition among enterprises on the overall evolution law. In addition, the method used in this paper provides reference and basis for other related research. The formation of the formation is described in detail, and the transformation process from the state of multiple competitive selection to the single selection state is taken as the process of path dependence, and the evolutionary path of the effective (relatively effective) and ineffective (locking) evolution of the industrial cluster is proposed, and a train of thought for the test path dependence is put forward for the future empirical analysis. At the same time, the concept of innovation and inertia of enterprise management decision makers is put forward. On this basis, the main ideas and variable analysis methods for evaluating the path dependence of enterprise management are established. The geographical position factors and the initial conditions in the process of the evolution of industrial clusters (such as property rights structure, system) In this paper, we set up an index system for qualitative and quantitative analysis of path dependence, and study the four factors of network effect, increasing income, strategic freedom and uncertainty. At the same time, on the basis of the questionnaire survey data of more than 50 enterprises, the comprehensive index is carried out. The evaluation and empirical analysis show that there is a significant correlation between the tendency of the formation of path dependence and the business life of the company, the degree of localization, the connectivity of the network, the speed of growth and acceleration as well as the strategic inertia. Then, the paper expounds the same law of the PSO process and the dynamic of the enterprise in the industrial cluster environment. The particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm is used to simulate the evolution of industrial clusters, which is also of great significance for the exploration of the optimization evolution path of industrial clusters. The simulation analysis of the evolution of the pharmaceutical industry cluster with PSO and self-organized neural network model shows that the specific economic significance and path dependence of the optimized parameters are not. At the same level, different degrees of relationship. Through a large number of experiments on empirical data, simulation analysis gives a combination of management and control parameters with reference significance. Under the conditions of corresponding behavior performance analysis of enterprises and government subjects, it is revealed that institutional arrangements have more systematic importance to the revision of the evolutionary path dependence of the industrial cluster. Effect.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號(hào)】：F062.9

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6 白競;我市中小企業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群發(fā)展到18個(gè)[N];承德日?qǐng)?bào);2006年

7 通訊員　王曉光 記者　東文;我市中小企業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群健康發(fā)展[N];承德日?qǐng)?bào);2006年

8 通訊員　王曉光　記者　成玉;我市中小企業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群健康發(fā)展[N];承德日?qǐng)?bào);2007年

9 黃樹青;我市中小企業(yè)產(chǎn)業(yè)集群在創(chuàng)新中不斷發(fā)展壯大[N];承德日?qǐng)?bào);2007年

10 賈存斗邋吳廣仁;市場主角與助推器 產(chǎn)業(yè)集群成就核心競爭力[N];中國工業(yè)報(bào);2007年

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