發(fā)布時間：2018-01-16 15:27

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：飲用水中痕量鄰苯二甲酸酯類檢測及其遷移規(guī)律　出處：《吉林大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 響應(yīng)面法 高效液相色譜 鄰苯二甲酸酯類 飲用水 遷移

【摘要】：本文通過篩選液液萃取過程中萃取液體積、渦旋時間、鹽含量、萃取次數(shù)等因素對鄰苯二甲酸二(2-乙基己基)酯(DEHP)萃取效果的影響,確定水中痕量DEHP的萃取因素。應(yīng)用響應(yīng)面法(RSM)輔助優(yōu)化飲用水中DEHP萃取條件,得到最佳萃取條件為:鹽量為16 g/L、渦旋時間為90 s、萃取液體積為5.28 mL。在此實驗條件下,DEHP的最大理論回收率為92.91%,實驗驗證值為92.97%,與理論值相差0.06%。建立了一種快速、簡便環(huán)保的痕量塑化劑類污染物檢測方法。本方法檢出限為0.006 mg/L,滿足中國國家標(biāo)準(zhǔn)規(guī)定的生活飲用水安全標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(0.008 mg/L)要求,且在0.01~15 mg/L范圍內(nèi)線性關(guān)系良好(R=0.9996)。本文選取了常見市售四種塑料瓶裝水樣品進行分析,結(jié)果表明,所選市售飲用水中DEHP均未檢出,即低于本法的檢出限(0.006 mg/L)。此外,本文對PET塑料包裝的塑化劑遷移趨勢進行了探索,結(jié)果表明,溫度及時間因素對DEHP遷移量有很大影響,在相同的接觸時間條件下,升高溫度可以增加遷移速率,DEHP可在短時間內(nèi)迅速遷移并達到飽和。尤其較高溫度(60℃與80℃)條件下,1h后均有較大量遷移的DEHP檢出,分別為0.01655 mg/L(60℃)及0.01609mg/L(80℃)。結(jié)果為建立DEHP遷移規(guī)律的理論模型及實現(xiàn)對污染物的有效降解提供了啟發(fā)。本文進一步根據(jù)遷移數(shù)據(jù)對健康風(fēng)險進行了評估,結(jié)果顯示,危害系數(shù)(HQ≤1)、過量生命致癌風(fēng)險(ELCR)10-4。最后,本文考察了本地水源地生活用水中常見兩種鄰苯二甲酸酯類物的污染情況。在最佳色譜條件下(流動相:98%甲醇,2%純凈水,流速:1 mL/min,柱溫:25℃,檢測波長為274 nm,進樣量:20μL),鄰苯二甲酸二丁酯(DBP)和DEHP能很好的分離檢測,DBP在0.02~20 mg/L范圍內(nèi)線性關(guān)系良好(γ=0.99976),DEHP在0.06~15 mg/L范圍內(nèi)線性關(guān)系良好(γ=0.9996)。對水樣的分析實驗結(jié)果表明,部分水樣中此兩種鄰苯二甲酸酯類(PAEs)的含量已超過中國國家生活飲用水衛(wèi)生標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(DBP標(biāo)準(zhǔn)限定值0.003 mg/L,DEHP標(biāo)準(zhǔn)限定值為0.008 mg/L),其中DBP的濃度最高可達0.076 mg/L(RSD=2.99%),DEHP的濃度最高為0.0095 mg/L(RSD=5.41%)。因此,PAEs通過飲用水?dāng)z入所帶來的風(fēng)險仍然存在,需要根據(jù)PAEs的可能來源在水源地環(huán)境風(fēng)險管理中加以防范,特別需對本地工業(yè)區(qū)的水源加以控制,并開展更多先進的低成本飲用水處理工藝研究及應(yīng)用。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the effects of extraction volume, vortex time, salt content, extraction times and other factors on the extraction efficiency of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP-) were studied by screening the extraction fluid volume, vortex time, salt content and extraction times during liquid-liquid extraction. The extraction factors of trace DEHP in water were determined. The optimum extraction conditions of DEHP in drinking water were optimized by using response surface method. The optimum extraction conditions were as follows: the salt content was 16 g / L. The vortex time is 90 s and the volume of the extract is 5.28 mL. The maximum theoretical recovery of DEHP is 92.91 and the experimental verification value is 92.97% under this experimental condition. A rapid and simple method for the detection of trace plasticizer pollutants was established with a detection limit of 0.006 mg/L. Meet the national standards for drinking water safety of 0.008 mg / L requirements. The linear relationship is good in the range of 0.01 ~ 15 mg/L. In this paper, four kinds of plastic bottled water samples on the market are selected for analysis. The results show that. No DEHP was detected in the selected drinking water, that is, less than the detection limit of 0.006 mg / L. In addition, the trend of plasticizer migration in PET plastic packaging was explored in this paper. The results show that the temperature and time factors have a great influence on the DEHP transport amount, under the same contact time, the increase of temperature can increase the migration rate. DEHP could migrate rapidly and reach saturation in a short time, especially at 60 鈩，

本文編號：1433709