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  本文關鍵詞： 司法鑒定 司法救助 司法鑒定救助　出處：《黑龍江大學》2012年碩士論文　論文類型：學位論文

【摘要】：在社會經濟飛速發(fā)展的過程中，貧富差距不可避免。根據我國憲法規(guī)定的法律面前人人平等的原則，無論訴訟當事人的經濟狀況如何，都應享有同等的訴訟權利。而在司法實踐中，，越來越頻繁地發(fā)生社會弱勢群體當事人由于經濟困難而無力承擔司法鑒定費用，導致司法鑒定無法進行，并最終喪失應有權利的悲劇。這無疑加劇了當事人的不滿情緒，增加了社會的不穩(wěn)定因素，有悖于我國構建社會主義和諧社會的目標。對社會弱勢群體權利的保障，是現代社會衡量一個國家民主法制建設程度的重要標準之一。因此，不斷建立和完善對社會弱勢群體的救助制度，對保障社會穩(wěn)定，提高我國民主法制建設水平具有重要意義。 在某些案件中，司法鑒定意見對訴訟案件的裁判結果起著舉足輕重的作用，與當事人的切身利益息息相關。司法鑒定救助作為司法救助體系中的重要環(huán)節(jié)之一，具有實現弱勢群體當事人起訴意愿、彌補當事人舉證能力不足以及促使訴訟過程中雙方當事人權利均等的功能。然而，司法鑒定救助在我國仍屬新生事務，沒有普遍而廣泛地開展起來，同時也缺乏統一的法律法規(guī)加以規(guī)范。在某些地區(qū)嘗試開展的司法鑒定救助工作中，存在著大量的問題有待解決。在司法鑒定救助案件中，司法鑒定機構的社會公益屬性和市場化運作要求的營利性之間的矛盾表現得尤為突出，需要規(guī)范的制度加以平衡。通過總結分析當前司法鑒定救助工作開展的實際情況，筆者認為，國家有必要建立統一規(guī)范的司法鑒定救助制度，對實踐中暴露出的問題加以解決，從而保證整個司法救助鏈條的完整，落實司法鑒定救助的國家責任，在遵循司法鑒定機構參與市場化運作經濟規(guī)律的同時，充分保障弱勢群體的訴訟權利。 本文以哈爾濱市司法鑒定救助工作開展的情況作為實例，從司法鑒定救助制度的一般理論、司法鑒定救助工作現狀、建立司法鑒定救助制度的必要性、司法鑒定救助制度建設存在的問題及對策四個方面對司法鑒定救助制度進行較為全面地研究，以期對盡快建立統一完備的司法鑒定救助制度作出貢獻。
[Abstract]:In the process of the rapid development of social economy, the gap between the rich and the poor is inevitable. According to the principle of equality before the law stipulated by the Constitution of our country, no matter what the economic situation of the litigant is. In judicial practice, more and more social vulnerable groups parties are unable to bear the costs of judicial identification because of economic difficulties, which leads to the judicial expertise can not be carried out. And the ultimate loss of due rights of the tragedy, which undoubtedly exacerbated the dissatisfaction of the parties, increased the social instability factors. Contrary to the goal of building a harmonious socialist society and the protection of the rights of the social vulnerable groups, it is one of the important standards for the modern society to measure the degree of the construction of a country's democratic and legal system. It is of great significance to establish and perfect the relief system for the vulnerable groups in society, to ensure social stability and to improve the level of democracy and legal system construction in our country. In some cases, the opinion of judicial expertise plays an important role in the adjudication results of litigation cases. As one of the most important links in the system of judicial assistance, it has the will to realize the prosecution of the vulnerable groups. To make up for the deficiency of the parties' ability of proof and to promote the equal rights of both parties in the process of litigation, however, the judicial identification and rescue is still a new business in our country, and has not been widely carried out. At the same time, there is a lack of uniform laws and regulations to regulate. In some areas, there are a large number of problems to be solved. The contradiction between the social commonweal attribute of forensic appraisal institution and the profit of market-oriented operation is especially prominent. Through summing up and analyzing the actual situation of the current judicial identification and relief work, the author believes that it is necessary for the country to establish a unified and standardized judicial identification and relief system. To solve the problems exposed in practice to ensure the integrity of the whole chain of judicial assistance, to implement the national responsibility of judicial identification and rescue, while following the economic law of judicial expertise institutions participating in the market operation. The litigation rights of the vulnerable groups should be fully protected. This paper takes the situation of judicial identification and rescue work in Harbin as an example, from the general theory of judicial identification and rescue system, the current situation of judicial identification and rescue work, the necessity of establishing judicial identification and rescue system. The problems and countermeasures in the construction of the judicial identification and rescue system are studied comprehensively in order to make a contribution to the establishment of a unified and complete judicial assistance system as soon as possible.
【學位授予單位】：黑龍江大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2012
【分類號】：D925.1;D926

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本文編號：1488706