發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-31 22:47

  本文選題：上市軍企 + 技術(shù)效率�。� 參考：《南昌大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：近年來,隨著軍工企業(yè)兼并重組工作的開展,軍民融合戰(zhàn)略的深入,我國軍企的規(guī)模效益進(jìn)一步顯現(xiàn),民營企業(yè)參與國防建設(shè)的范圍逐漸擴(kuò)大。但受到計(jì)劃經(jīng)濟(jì)體制的慣性和軍工產(chǎn)業(yè)特殊性的影響,大多數(shù)上市軍工企業(yè)普遍存在規(guī)模效率低下、股權(quán)布局不合理、研發(fā)投入不足、人才培養(yǎng)機(jī)制不完善等問題,最終將不同程度地限制了我國上市軍企的技術(shù)效率。因此,研究我國上市軍企的技術(shù)效率及其影響因素,對(duì)軍企優(yōu)化資源配置、改善經(jīng)營管理、實(shí)現(xiàn)經(jīng)營目標(biāo);對(duì)國家制定軍工發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略、落實(shí)軍民融合戰(zhàn)略、提升國防綜合實(shí)力、保障國際競(jìng)爭(zhēng)地位,均具有重要的現(xiàn)實(shí)意義。本文首先對(duì)國內(nèi)外研究文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行梳理,闡述現(xiàn)有的效率理論,比較幾種常用的測(cè)度方法及其優(yōu)缺點(diǎn),從而確定選用DEA法來測(cè)度我國上市軍企的技術(shù)效率。通過構(gòu)建一個(gè)3投入2產(chǎn)出的指標(biāo)體系進(jìn)行測(cè)度,分析得出以下結(jié)論:我國多數(shù)上市軍企的綜合技術(shù)效率較為理想,但整體并未實(shí)現(xiàn)技術(shù)有效;各軍企間的差異較大,且純技術(shù)效率的水平明顯高于規(guī)模效率,綜合技術(shù)效率值不高的原因主要在于企業(yè)規(guī)模效率低下;此外,我國軍工企業(yè)幾乎不存在規(guī)模過大的問題,但普遍存在規(guī)模過小的問題,個(gè)別還存在技術(shù)無效率,要注意防止其惡化�；�于DEA法測(cè)度出的效率值,再結(jié)合軍工產(chǎn)業(yè)的特點(diǎn),本文又從股權(quán)布局、研發(fā)投入、人力資本、企業(yè)能力以及企業(yè)規(guī)模等5個(gè)方面,選取出7個(gè)具體指標(biāo),使用面板Tobit模型對(duì)技術(shù)效率的影響因素進(jìn)行分析,結(jié)論為:國有持股對(duì)技術(shù)效率存在明顯的抑制作用;高學(xué)歷人員占比、總資產(chǎn)周轉(zhuǎn)率、總資產(chǎn)收益率、企業(yè)規(guī)模、股權(quán)制衡度和研發(fā)支出均對(duì)其有促進(jìn)作用,但后兩個(gè)作用效果并不顯著。此外,通過與OLS、普通Tobit的回歸結(jié)果相比較,可知各項(xiàng)影響因素的作用情況基本穩(wěn)定,并且面板Tobit模型能有效避免OLS等回歸產(chǎn)生的參數(shù)估計(jì)偏差。最后,根據(jù)上述兩個(gè)實(shí)證結(jié)論,提出相應(yīng)的對(duì)策建議,希望有助于提高我國上市軍企的技術(shù)效率,以獲取更多的經(jīng)濟(jì)效益,實(shí)現(xiàn)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:In recent years, with the development of the merger and reorganization of military enterprises and the deepening of the strategy of military and civil integration, the scale efficiency of military enterprises in our country has been further revealed, and the scope of private enterprises participating in the national defense construction has gradually expanded. However, under the influence of the inertia of the planned economy system and the particularity of the military industry, most listed military enterprises generally have problems such as low scale efficiency, unreasonable equity distribution, insufficient R & D investment, imperfect personnel training mechanism, and so on. Finally, the technical efficiency of listed military enterprises will be limited to some extent. Therefore, to study the technical efficiency of listed military enterprises in China and its influencing factors, to optimize the allocation of resources, to improve management, to achieve business objectives, to formulate a strategy for the development of military industry, to implement a strategy for the integration of military and civil affairs, and to enhance the comprehensive strength of national defense. Safeguard international competitive position, have important realistic meaning. This paper firstly combs the domestic and foreign research literature, expounds the existing efficiency theory, compares several commonly used measurement methods and their advantages and disadvantages, and then determines the selection of DEA method to measure the technical efficiency of listed military enterprises in China. By constructing an index system of 3 inputs and 2 outputs, the following conclusions are drawn: the comprehensive technical efficiency of most listed military enterprises in China is ideal, but the overall technology is not effective. The level of pure technical efficiency is obviously higher than that of scale efficiency. The reason why the comprehensive technical efficiency is not high lies in the low scale efficiency of enterprises. However, the problem of too small scale and technical inefficiency in individual cases should be paid attention to prevent its deterioration. Based on the efficiency value measured by DEA method and combined with the characteristics of the military industry, this paper selects seven specific indicators from five aspects: equity layout, R & D investment, human capital, enterprise capability and enterprise scale. Panel Tobit model is used to analyze the influencing factors of technical efficiency. The conclusions are as follows: the state-owned shareholding has obvious restraining effect on technical efficiency, the proportion of highly educated personnel, the total asset turnover rate, the total asset return rate, the enterprise scale, and so on. Equity checks and balances and R & D expenditure can promote them, but the latter two effects are not significant. In addition, by comparing with the regression results of OLS and ordinary Tobit, it can be seen that the influence factors are basically stable, and the panel Tobit model can effectively avoid the parameter estimation deviation caused by OLS regression. Finally, according to the above two empirical conclusions, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward in the hope of improving the technical efficiency of listed military enterprises in China, in order to obtain more economic benefits and realize sustainable development.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：南昌大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：F426.48;F273.1

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