發(fā)布時間：2018-11-28 11:25

【摘要】：隨著社會的不斷進步，預防優(yōu)先的工傷保險制度已經(jīng)在發(fā)達國家逐步成為工傷保險事業(yè)發(fā)展的主流。根據(jù)國際勞工組織的統(tǒng)計資料表明，全球每年發(fā)生的工傷大概為1.25億次，包括職業(yè)病每年大概造成200萬人死亡，其中33.5萬人死在工作場所，平均每分鐘有2人因工傷導致死亡。自20世紀90年代以來，世界工傷事故10萬人死亡率總體呈現(xiàn)下降趨勢，發(fā)達國家工傷事故死亡率在6人以下，其中英國控制在1人以下，與之相比，我國的工傷事故10萬人死亡率今年來一直在10人左右，工傷事故的預防與發(fā)達國家還存在著較大的差距。雖然改革開放后，我國制定了一系列的法律法規(guī)，《企業(yè)職工工傷保險試行辦法》、《工傷保險條例》和《社會保險法》，但總體來講，我國現(xiàn)行的工傷保險制度是“重賠償、輕預防”的消極賠償模式，這和我國經(jīng)濟的高速發(fā)展是不相匹配的，導致這種現(xiàn)狀的原因頗多，需要我們以極大的智慧和勇氣來加以完善。 本文采用了文獻研究與比較分析相結合的方法，，首先介紹了工傷預防的基礎概念和理論，接下來簡單回顧了自建國以來天津市工傷保險和工傷預防的發(fā)展歷程，針對我國工傷預防工作的現(xiàn)實情況及存在的問題，并通過與德國、美國、日本等國家的工傷預防制度相比較，歸納總結出對我國工傷預防制度的借鑒之處。最后，對我國工傷預防的相關對策進行了分析，即強調(diào)法律法規(guī)的政策保障，分工明確的組織管理，在數(shù)據(jù)分析的基礎上，建立科學合理的善費率獎懲機制，通過多種途徑的工傷預防宣傳和培訓，進一步提高我國的工傷預防工作水平。
[Abstract]:With the development of society, the preemptive industrial injury insurance system has gradually become the mainstream of industrial injury insurance in developed countries. According to the International Labour Organization (ILO) statistics, there are about 125 million work-related injuries in the world every year, including about 2 million deaths caused by occupational diseases each year, of which 335000 people die in the workplace. On average, two people die per minute as a result of industrial injuries. Since the 1990s, the mortality rate of 100000 industrial accidents in the world has shown a general downward trend. In developed countries, the death rate of industrial accidents is below 6, of which the United Kingdom has controlled less than one. The death rate of 100000 industrial accidents in China has been about 10 this year, and there is still a big gap between the prevention of industrial accidents in China and the developed countries. Although China has formulated a series of laws and regulations after the reform and opening up, "measures for trial implementation of Industrial injury Insurance for Enterprise employees", "regulations on Industrial injury Insurance" and "Social Insurance Law", generally speaking, the current industrial injury insurance system in China is "heavy compensation." The passive compensation mode of light prevention does not match with the rapid development of our economy. There are many reasons leading to this situation, and we need to perfect it with great wisdom and courage. This paper introduces the basic concepts and theories of industrial injury prevention by combining literature research with comparative analysis, and then briefly reviews the development of industrial injury insurance and industrial injury prevention in Tianjin since the founding of the people's Republic of China. In view of the actual situation and existing problems of industrial injury prevention in China, and by comparing with the industrial injury prevention system of Germany, the United States, Japan and other countries, the author sums up the reference points for the industrial injury prevention system in our country. Finally, the author analyzes the relevant countermeasures of industrial injury prevention in China, that is, emphasizing the policy guarantee of laws and regulations, organizing and managing the division of labor clearly, establishing a scientific and reasonable mechanism of reward and punishment of good rate on the basis of data analysis. To further improve the level of industrial injury prevention in China through various ways of industrial injury prevention publicity and training.
【學位授予單位】：天津大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：F842.616;D922.55

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本文編號：2362692