發(fā)布時間：2018-01-05 23:12

  本文關(guān)鍵詞：中國省際環(huán)境治理的有效性及影響因素分析　出處：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)》2016年碩士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

  更多相關(guān)文章： 環(huán)境治理 有效性 影響因素 政策強(qiáng)度 方向距離函數(shù)

【摘要】：伴隨著我國經(jīng)濟(jì)的高速發(fā)展,日益嚴(yán)峻的環(huán)境問題也越來越突出。國家和政府對環(huán)境治理的重視程度越來越高,但是,我國在環(huán)境治理方面的投入和能力不斷加強(qiáng),然而,中國的環(huán)境治理狀況卻并沒有得到人們所希望的好轉(zhuǎn),環(huán)境狀況依然嚴(yán)峻。因此,對于環(huán)境治理的有效性研究就顯得特別重要。另外,國家對環(huán)境治理特別重視,一個重要的表現(xiàn)就是相關(guān)環(huán)保政策的出臺,環(huán)保政策的出臺對環(huán)境治理有效性有怎樣的影響,是否有其他因素也會影響環(huán)境治理的有效性,這也是本文的另一個重要議題。為了度量環(huán)境治理的有效性,本文根據(jù)生產(chǎn)函數(shù)理論,將中國每個省級行政單位的環(huán)境治理系統(tǒng)看作一個生產(chǎn)單元,以《中國統(tǒng)計年鑒》、《中國環(huán)境統(tǒng)計年鑒》、《中國工業(yè)統(tǒng)計年鑒》、《中國能源統(tǒng)計年鑒》及《中國科技統(tǒng)計年鑒》2006--2013年的相關(guān)統(tǒng)計資料作為數(shù)據(jù)來源,以環(huán)境治理總投資額、當(dāng)前的二氧化碳排放量、化學(xué)需氧量排放量、工業(yè)固體廢棄物排放量作為投入變量,以單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值二氧化碳排放下降水平、單位國內(nèi)生產(chǎn)總值COD排放下降水平、單位工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值工業(yè)固體廢棄物排放下降水平作為產(chǎn)出變量,利用方向性距離函數(shù)測算30個省級行政單位的環(huán)境治理相對有效性,并利用窗口DEA方法測算環(huán)境治理投入是否存在滯后性。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):不同省份之間的環(huán)境治理有效性有差異,海南省、青海省和北京市在不同的年份都達(dá)到過生產(chǎn)前沿,山東、江蘇、河北、廣東等地區(qū)環(huán)境治理有效性最低。東、中、西部地區(qū)的環(huán)境治理有效性也存在差異,呈現(xiàn)西部地區(qū)最好,東部地區(qū)次之,中部地區(qū)最差的特征。全國總體的環(huán)境治理有效性隨時間推移大致呈上升趨勢,東部地區(qū)尤為名明顯。環(huán)境治理投入的滯后效應(yīng)存在,但并不顯著,且對于區(qū)域差異和時間趨勢并沒有明顯影響。為了研究環(huán)境治理有效性的影響因素,本文以環(huán)境治理有效性相關(guān)指標(biāo)作為被解釋變量,以政策強(qiáng)度、人口密度、人均GDP、第二產(chǎn)業(yè)比重、大中型企業(yè)科研經(jīng)費占主營業(yè)務(wù)收入比重、非國有企業(yè)產(chǎn)值占工業(yè)總產(chǎn)值比重六項影響因素作為被解釋變量,利用面板數(shù)據(jù)回歸模型和Tobit回歸模型進(jìn)行分析。結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)第二產(chǎn)業(yè)比重、非國有企業(yè)占比和政策強(qiáng)度因素與環(huán)境治理有效性呈顯著負(fù)相關(guān),影響程度最高的是政策強(qiáng)度,第二產(chǎn)業(yè)比重次之,最后是非國企占比。研究表明:國家政策的制定并非越強(qiáng)越好,而是應(yīng)該在強(qiáng)制節(jié)能減排之外尋求其他更合理的方法和策略,調(diào)整產(chǎn)業(yè)機(jī)構(gòu),降低重工業(yè)比重也很重要。個別模型證明人均GDP與環(huán)境治理有效性有顯著正向相關(guān)關(guān)系�！笆�一五”階段影響因素分析結(jié)果與總體保持一致,“十二五”階段非國有企業(yè)占比的負(fù)向影響已不顯著。這說明隨著市場化的提升,更多的企業(yè)主動參與到環(huán)境保護(hù)中,是企業(yè)環(huán)保責(zé)任意識提升的表現(xiàn)。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of our economy, the increasingly serious environmental problems are becoming more and more prominent. The state and government pay more and more attention to environmental governance, but. China's investment and ability in environmental governance has been strengthened, however, the situation of environmental governance in China has not been improved as expected, and the environmental situation is still grim. For the effectiveness of environmental governance research is particularly important. In addition, the country pays special attention to environmental governance, an important performance is the introduction of relevant environmental protection policies. The introduction of environmental policies on the effectiveness of environmental governance, whether there are other factors will also affect the effectiveness of environmental governance, which is another important issue in this paper. In order to measure the effectiveness of environmental governance. According to the theory of production function, this paper regards the environmental governance system of every provincial administrative unit in China as a production unit, taking the Statistical Yearbook of China, the Yearbook of Environment Statistics of China, and the Yearbook of China Industry Statistics as a production unit. "China Energy Statistics Yearbook" and "China Science and Technology Statistics Yearbook" 2006-2013 related statistical data as a data source, with the total investment in environmental governance, current carbon dioxide emissions. Chemical oxygen demand emissions, industrial solid waste emissions as input variables, carbon dioxide emissions per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) to reduce the level of carbon dioxide emissions per unit of gross domestic product (COD) emission reduction level. As a output variable, the reduction level of industrial solid waste emissions per unit of total industrial output value is used to calculate the relative effectiveness of environmental governance of 30 provincial administrative units by using directional distance function. And the use of window DEA method to estimate whether there is lag in environmental governance input. The study found: there are differences in the effectiveness of environmental governance among different provinces, Hainan Province. Qinghai province and Beijing have reached the production front in different years, Shandong, Jiangsu, Hebei, Guangdong and other regions have the lowest environmental governance effectiveness. The western region is the best, the eastern region is the second, and the central region is the worst feature. The overall environmental governance effectiveness of the whole country is on the rise with the passage of time. The eastern region is especially famous. The lag effect of environmental governance investment exists, but it is not significant, and it has no obvious influence on regional differences and time trend. In order to study the influence factors of environmental governance effectiveness. This paper takes the related indicators of environmental governance effectiveness as the explanatory variables, with the policy intensity, population density, per capita GDP, secondary industry proportion, large and medium-sized enterprises scientific research funds account for the proportion of the main business income. Six factors affecting the proportion of output value in industrial output value of non-state-owned enterprises as explained variables are analyzed by panel data regression model and Tobit regression model. The results show that the secondary industry proportion. The proportion of non-state-owned enterprises and the factors of policy intensity are significantly negative correlation with the effectiveness of environmental governance, the highest degree of influence is the policy intensity, followed by the proportion of the secondary industry. Finally, the proportion of non-state-owned enterprises. The study shows that the formulation of national policies is not the stronger the better, but should seek other more reasonable methods and strategies in addition to compulsory energy saving and emission reduction, and adjust industrial institutions. It is also important to reduce the proportion of heavy industry. Individual models prove that there is a significant positive correlation between GDP per capita and the effectiveness of environmental governance. The negative influence of the proportion of non-state-owned enterprises in the 12th Five-Year Plan period has not been significant, which shows that with the promotion of marketization, more enterprises actively participate in environmental protection, which is the performance of raising the awareness of environmental protection responsibility of enterprises.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2016
【分類號】：X321
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本文編號：1385254