發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-03-24 07:04

  本文選題：荊州市　切入點(diǎn)：家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)　出處：《西南大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：作為重要的新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)主體,家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)既堅(jiān)持了以家庭為單位進(jìn)行生產(chǎn)經(jīng)營(yíng)的特點(diǎn),又能夠通過(guò)規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)達(dá)到促進(jìn)農(nóng)民增收的目的,是適合和順應(yīng)我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化發(fā)展要求的經(jīng)營(yíng)形式。相比其他新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)主體,家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)有著獨(dú)特的優(yōu)勢(shì),在我國(guó)全國(guó)各地也得到迅速發(fā)展。但同時(shí)也要看到,在全國(guó)家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的培育過(guò)程中,依然存在較多的問(wèn)題,很多地方過(guò)分關(guān)注家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的規(guī)模而忽略當(dāng)?shù)匕l(fā)展實(shí)際,家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的發(fā)展存在片面性和盲目性,“一刀切”的發(fā)展模式給我國(guó)農(nóng)業(yè)現(xiàn)代化的正常發(fā)展秩序造成了嚴(yán)重的不利影響。如何立足地區(qū)實(shí)際,形成區(qū)域性的家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)培育之路,成為我國(guó)家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)發(fā)展面臨的迫切要求�；�于以上現(xiàn)實(shí)背景,本文選取荊州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)作為研究對(duì)象,探討荊州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的經(jīng)營(yíng)效率及其影響因素。首先,在梳理國(guó)內(nèi)外有關(guān)家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)效率的研究基礎(chǔ)之上,系統(tǒng)回顧和借鑒了家庭聯(lián)產(chǎn)承包責(zé)任制理論、農(nóng)業(yè)適度規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)理論和土地產(chǎn)權(quán)理論,對(duì)家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)、新型農(nóng)業(yè)經(jīng)營(yíng)主體等基本概念進(jìn)行了界定,并回顧和總結(jié)了荊州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的發(fā)展歷程和發(fā)展成效；然后探究了家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)效率值的測(cè)算方法,分別對(duì)78家荊州市種植業(yè)類(lèi)家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的總體規(guī)模效率、純技術(shù)效率和規(guī)模效率進(jìn)行測(cè)算分析,并分析了荊州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的投入產(chǎn)出情況。在此基礎(chǔ)上,建立了荊州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)效率影響因素的Tobit模型,通過(guò)回歸分析,得出了荊州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)效率的顯著影響因素,最后基于研究結(jié)論提出了相應(yīng)的對(duì)策建議。論文的研究結(jié)論有：(1)荊州市達(dá)到規(guī)模效率最優(yōu)的家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)比重較低,絕大部分家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)效率有較大的提升和優(yōu)化空間；(2)荊州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模報(bào)酬階段分布中,大部分家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)處于經(jīng)營(yíng)規(guī)模報(bào)酬遞增或遞減階段,不同規(guī)模的經(jīng)營(yíng)狀態(tài)下呈現(xiàn)出差異化的特點(diǎn)：(3)荊州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)在土地和資金投入上冗余較大,在勞動(dòng)力投入上冗余相對(duì)較�。�(4)土地經(jīng)營(yíng)面積、勞動(dòng)力投入、租賃地年租金和經(jīng)營(yíng)純收入等四個(gè)解釋變量對(duì)家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的經(jīng)營(yíng)效率有著較為顯著的影響。基于上述結(jié)論,論文提出了相應(yīng)的對(duì)策建議：(1)根據(jù)政策文件完善家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的進(jìn)入和退出機(jī)制,解決家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)發(fā)展混亂和界定不清的不利局面；(2)健全農(nóng)地流轉(zhuǎn)機(jī)制,優(yōu)化土地使用效率,促使家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)達(dá)到最優(yōu)規(guī)模經(jīng)營(yíng)水平；(3)倡導(dǎo)集約化經(jīng)營(yíng)方式,優(yōu)化生產(chǎn)要素配置,促進(jìn)荊州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)投入產(chǎn)出比例的協(xié)調(diào)配置；(4)健全勞動(dòng)力流動(dòng)機(jī)制,優(yōu)化勞動(dòng)力配置,合理分配和布局家庭勞動(dòng)力和雇傭勞動(dòng)力的比例；(5)注重提高家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)主的綜合素質(zhì)和管理水平,解決家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)管理不善帶來(lái)的不良后果；(6)充分建立和完善荊州市家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)經(jīng)營(yíng)效率研究的長(zhǎng)效機(jī)制,促進(jìn)家庭農(nóng)場(chǎng)的持續(xù)健康穩(wěn)健發(fā)展。
[Abstract]:As an important new type of agricultural management subject, family farms not only adhere to the characteristics of family-based production and management, but also achieve the purpose of increasing farmers' income through large-scale management. Family farms have unique advantages compared with other new types of agricultural management subjects and have developed rapidly throughout the country. However, we should also see that at the same time, In the process of cultivating family farms throughout the country, there are still many problems. Many places pay too much attention to the size of family farms and neglect the actual development of the local areas. There is one-sidedness and blindness in the development of family farms, and the "one-size-fits-all" development model has caused serious adverse effects on the normal development order of agricultural modernization in China. Based on the above realistic background, this paper chooses Jingzhou family farm as the research object, discusses the operating efficiency of Jingzhou family farm and its influencing factors. On the basis of combing the domestic and foreign research on the family farm management efficiency, this paper systematically reviews and draws lessons from the family contract responsibility system theory, the agricultural moderate scale management theory and the land property right theory. This paper defines the basic concepts of the new agricultural management subject, reviews and summarizes the development course and the development effect of the family farm in Jingzhou City, and then probes into the calculation method of the efficiency value of the family farm management. This paper calculates and analyzes the total scale efficiency, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency of 78 family farms in Jingzhou City, and analyzes the input and output situation of family farms in Jingzhou City. This paper establishes the Tobit model of the influencing factors of the family farm management efficiency in Jingzhou City, and by regression analysis, obtains the significant influencing factors of the family farm management efficiency in Jingzhou City. Finally, based on the conclusion of the study, the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions are put forward. The conclusion of this paper is: 1) the proportion of family farms in Jingzhou is lower than that in Jingzhou, where the optimal scale efficiency is achieved. In Jingzhou City, most of the family farms are in the stage of increasing or decreasing the returns of the scale of the family farms, and most of the family farms are in the stage of increasing or decreasing the returns of the family farms. In different scale of operation, there are different characteristics: 3) the family farm in Jingzhou City has greater redundancy in land and capital input, and relatively small redundancy in labor force input) land management area and labor force input. Four explanatory variables, annual rent and net operating income, have a significant impact on the operating efficiency of family farms. The paper puts forward the corresponding countermeasures and suggestions: (1) perfecting the entry and exit mechanism of the family farm according to the policy document, and solving the unfavorable situation of the family farm's development confusion and unclear definition; (2) perfecting the agricultural land circulation mechanism and optimizing the land use efficiency. To promote the family farm to reach the optimal level of scale management.) to advocate intensive management mode, to optimize the allocation of production factors, to promote the coordinated allocation of the input-output ratio of family farms in Jingzhou and to improve the mechanism of labor force flow and to optimize the distribution of labor force. Rational distribution and distribution of the family labor force and the proportion of the employed labor force (5) emphasis on improving the comprehensive quality and management level of the family farmers. To solve the adverse consequences of poor management of family farms 6) fully establish and perfect the long-term mechanism of the study on the efficiency of family farm management in Jingzhou, and promote the sustainable, healthy and steady development of family farms.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：西南大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2015
【分類(lèi)號(hào)】：F324.1

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