發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-17 23:39

  本文選題：黃土高原旱塬區(qū) + 果-草-雞耦合系統(tǒng)　； 參考：《中國(guó)生態(tài)農(nóng)業(yè)學(xué)報(bào)》2017年12期

【摘要】：黃土高原旱塬區(qū)生態(tài)脆弱,水資源匱乏,傳統(tǒng)的糧經(jīng)二元種植模式已嚴(yán)重影響和制約著黃土高原旱塬區(qū)農(nóng)業(yè)的可持續(xù)發(fā)展。因此,應(yīng)用系統(tǒng)耦合和生態(tài)循環(huán)理論,將生態(tài)涵養(yǎng)與優(yōu)質(zhì)高效生產(chǎn)有機(jī)結(jié)合,建立適宜于黃土高原旱塬區(qū)資源特征的糧、經(jīng)、飼三元種植的農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展模式,成為實(shí)現(xiàn)該區(qū)域生態(tài)與經(jīng)濟(jì)協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展的關(guān)鍵環(huán)節(jié)。本文以位于黃土高原中部的甘肅省慶陽(yáng)市為研究區(qū)域,從該區(qū)域的土地資源特征和水熱條件出發(fā),設(shè)計(jì)了以功能耦合和產(chǎn)業(yè)耦合為核心的果-草-雞耦合的生態(tài)循環(huán)模式,對(duì)生態(tài)循環(huán)結(jié)構(gòu)進(jìn)行了配置,提出了相應(yīng)的技術(shù)規(guī)范,分析了其耦合效應(yīng)。試驗(yàn)結(jié)果表明:該模式將果、草、雞3個(gè)子系統(tǒng)結(jié)合在一起進(jìn)行耦合生產(chǎn),改善了果園系統(tǒng)的物種結(jié)構(gòu),提高了農(nóng)業(yè)資源利用率,使果園系統(tǒng)能量相互轉(zhuǎn)化和循環(huán)利用。與傳統(tǒng)的清耕果園模式相比,單位面積的產(chǎn)出利潤(rùn)提高3.82倍,水分利用率提高54.1%,水土流失量減少58.82%,化肥和農(nóng)藥施用量分別下降25.24%和5.56%,土地資源利用率提高36.84%,具有顯著的生態(tài)、經(jīng)濟(jì)和社會(huì)效益,在黃土高原地區(qū)具有廣泛的應(yīng)用和推廣價(jià)值。
[Abstract]:The ecological environment is fragile and the water resources are scarce in the dryland area of the Loess Plateau. The traditional grain and economic binary planting pattern has seriously affected and restricted the sustainable development of agriculture in the dryland area of the Loess Plateau. Therefore, by applying the theory of system coupling and ecological cycle, combining ecological conservation with high quality and high efficiency production, an agricultural development model of ternary planting, which is suitable for natural resources characteristics in the arid plateau of the Loess Plateau, has been established. It has become the key link to realize the coordinated and sustainable development of ecology and economy in this region. Taking Qingyang City, Gansu Province, in the middle of the Loess Plateau as the research area, based on the characteristics of land resources and the water and heat conditions in the region, an ecological cycle model with the core of functional coupling and industrial coupling is designed, which is based on the coupling of fruit, grass and chicken. The ecological cycle structure is configured, the corresponding technical specification is put forward, and the coupling effect is analyzed. The results showed that this model could combine fruit, grass and chicken subsystems together for coupling production, improve the species structure of orchard system, increase the utilization rate of agricultural resources, and make the energy of orchard system transform and recycle each other. Compared with the traditional clear tillage orchard model, the output profit per unit area increased 3.82 times, the water use efficiency increased 54.1%, the soil and water loss decreased 58.82%, the fertilizer and pesticide application decreased 25.24% and 5.56% respectively, and the utilization ratio of land resources increased 36.84%. Economic and social benefits are widely used and popularized in the Loess Plateau.
【作者單位】： 蘭州大學(xué)草地農(nóng)業(yè)科技學(xué)院/蘭州大學(xué)草業(yè)科學(xué)國(guó)家級(jí)實(shí)驗(yàn)教學(xué)中心/草地農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)國(guó)家重點(diǎn)實(shí)驗(yàn)室;
【基金】：國(guó)家“十二五”科技支撐計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2014BAD14B006) 國(guó)家重點(diǎn)研發(fā)計(jì)劃項(xiàng)目(2017YF0504603)資助~~
【分類號(hào)】：F327
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本文編號(hào)：1903404