發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-25 13:36

  本文選題：復(fù)合材料 + 三明治結(jié)構(gòu)�。� 參考：《太原理工大學(xué)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：太陽能電池發(fā)展至今，硅基太陽能電池和薄膜太陽能電池已實(shí)現(xiàn)商品化，但材料和器件制備成本大限制了其發(fā)展。聚合物太陽能電池具有原料豐富，成本較低、可以制備成柔性器件等顯著優(yōu)點(diǎn)，近年來備受矚目。影響聚合物太陽能電池商業(yè)化的主要因素是器件效率較低，改善器件效率可以從兩方面入手：器件結(jié)構(gòu)的改善和活性層材料的選擇。碳微納米球作為富勒烯類的一種碳材料制作工藝簡(jiǎn)單、成本低，具有優(yōu)異的物化性能，有望成為一種潛在的聚合物太陽能電池受體材料，課題組已將其作為受體材料用于聚合物太陽能電池中進(jìn)行了初步的探索，但器件效率偏低，為了改善效率，本課題將金屬材料與碳微納米球進(jìn)行復(fù)合，制備出金屬碳球復(fù)合材料，以改善器件性能。 本文首先以硝酸銀和葡萄糖為原料，采用一步水熱法制備了碳銀復(fù)合材料，考察了硝酸銀濃度、反應(yīng)時(shí)間、葡萄糖濃度對(duì)產(chǎn)物結(jié)構(gòu)和形貌的影響，然后，選取了兩種典型的復(fù)合材料通過研究其電化學(xué)性能分析了材料作為P3HT基聚合物太陽能電池受體材料的可行性，接著制備了P3HT/碳銀復(fù)合材料復(fù)合膜，考察了旋涂速度和給受體共混質(zhì)量比對(duì)復(fù)合膜光學(xué)性能的影響，最后選用最優(yōu)參數(shù)下制備的薄膜作為聚合物太陽能電池的光敏活性層，探索其光伏性能。結(jié)果如下： 1.采用一步水熱法，190℃的反應(yīng)溫度下，得到三明治結(jié)構(gòu)的球形復(fù)合材料（Ag-C-Ag）；200℃的反應(yīng)溫度下，制得核殼結(jié)構(gòu)的碳銀復(fù)合材料（Ag@C）；循環(huán)伏安曲線顯示：三明治結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合材料的HOMO能級(jí)為-5.55eV，LUMO能級(jí)為-4.4eV；核殼結(jié)構(gòu)復(fù)合材料的HOMO能級(jí)為-5.69eV，，LUMO能級(jí)為-4.68eV，可以作為P3HT基太陽能電池受體材料。 2.旋涂轉(zhuǎn)速為1000rpm，當(dāng)P3HT和受體材料Ag-C-Ag的混合比（P3HT:Ag-C-Ag）為2:1和1:1時(shí)，熒光猝滅現(xiàn)象更為明顯；當(dāng)共混質(zhì)量比為1:1時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)速為1500rpm時(shí)，猝滅現(xiàn)象最明顯，當(dāng)共混質(zhì)量比為2:1時(shí)，轉(zhuǎn)速為1000rpm時(shí)，猝滅現(xiàn)象最明顯，表明激子分離率高，有利于電荷的有效傳輸。1000rpm的旋涂轉(zhuǎn)速下當(dāng)混合比為2:1時(shí)，吸收峰增強(qiáng)更加明顯。 3. P3HT與Ag@C以2:1共混，轉(zhuǎn)速為1000rpm時(shí)，旋涂制備的復(fù)合膜在可見光區(qū)光譜吸收與太陽光譜匹配性強(qiáng)，熒光猝滅現(xiàn)象明顯，激子分離率高； 4.相比于純碳球做受體材料，P3HT/Ag-C-Ag基的器件效率提高了414%，P3HT/Ag@C基的器件效率提高了386%；
[Abstract]:With the development of solar cells, silicon based solar cells and thin film solar cells have been commercialized, but the cost of materials and devices has greatly limited their development. Polymer solar cells have many advantages, such as abundant raw materials, low cost, and can be used as flexible devices. The main factors that affect the commercialization of polymer solar cells are the low efficiency of the devices, which can be improved from two aspects: the improvement of the device structure and the selection of active layer materials. As a kind of fullerene carbon materials, carbon microspheres have the advantages of simple fabrication process, low cost, excellent physical and chemical properties, and are expected to become a potential polymer solar cell receptor material. In order to improve the efficiency of polymer solar cells, metal materials were combined with carbon microspheres in order to improve the efficiency. Metal carbon ball composites were prepared to improve the device performance. In this paper, carbon silver composites were prepared by one step hydrothermal method using silver nitrate and glucose as raw materials. The effects of silver nitrate concentration, reaction time and glucose concentration on the structure and morphology of the products were investigated. Two typical composite materials were selected to study their electrochemical properties. The feasibility of using the materials as P3HT-based polymer solar cell receptor materials was analyzed, and then the P3HT- / carbon-silver composite membrane was prepared. The effects of spin-coating speed and blending mass ratio of acceptor on the optical properties of the composite film were investigated. Finally, the film prepared under the optimal parameters was selected as the Guang Min active layer of the polymer solar cell to explore its photovoltaic properties. The results are as follows: 1. At the reaction temperature of 190 鈩

本文編號(hào)：2066139