發(fā)布時間：2018-06-26 02:25

  本文選題：吸波材料 + 四氧化三鐵��； 參考：《哈爾濱工業(yè)大學》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：Fe_3O_4作為一種傳統(tǒng)的磁性吸波材料,具有磁導率高、吸波強度高、制備簡單等優(yōu)點,但是相對密度大、吸收頻帶窄、顆粒分散性差、易腐蝕、高溫性差等缺點限制了其進一步的應用。而SiO_2材料化學性能穩(wěn)定、易功能化、介電常數(shù)值小、電導率低,將其作為Fe_3O_4納米顆粒的包覆層,不僅可以改進四氧化三鐵納米顆粒之間的相互作用,改善其分散性,而且它們之間獨特的界面效應能夠使阻抗更加匹配。靜電紡絲是目前制備微納米纖維最有效的方法之一,該方法使電紡前驅(qū)體在高壓電場中被高速拉伸,溶劑揮發(fā)固化后制得微納米纖維。因此本文采用靜電紡絲的方法制備了兩種不同的Fe_3O_4/SiO_2復合纖維以及純的Fe_3O_4纖維,并對其形貌、結(jié)構(gòu)、耐酸性、吸波性能進行了分析,主要內(nèi)容如下:(1)在可紡范圍內(nèi),通過電紡技術(shù)將水熱法制備的Fe_3O_4納米顆粒摻雜到SiO_2纖維中制得兩種不同質(zhì)量分數(shù)的Fe_3O_4/SiO_2復合纖維。研究發(fā)現(xiàn),Fe_3O_4納米顆粒分散性差,團聚現(xiàn)象嚴重,有效吸收帶寬較窄為5.9GHz。而Fe_3O_4/SiO_2復合纖維中的Fe_3O_4納米顆粒在纖維中長列有序分布,分散性得到了明顯改善,且復合纖維密度很低,耐酸性強。樣品Fe_3O_4/SiO_2復合纖維(質(zhì)量比1:10)在匹配厚度6mm,反射損耗峰值在18GHz處達到-14.8dB,其-10dB的有效吸收帶寬達到11.0GHz。進一步增加Fe_3O_4的含量,由于顆粒分散性較差,吸波性能并未改善。(2)通過靜電紡絲以檸檬酸、硝酸鐵和硫酸亞鐵為原料制備了Fe_3O_4前驅(qū)體纖維,經(jīng)燒結(jié)后得到Fe_3O_4纖維,對其吸波性能分析,其吸收強度很高,但有效吸收帶寬相對較窄。在有效結(jié)合兩種溶膠前驅(qū)體的基礎(chǔ)上,通過電紡Fe_3O_4前驅(qū)體溶膠與SiO_2溶膠的混合前驅(qū)體,制備得到兩種不同質(zhì)量分數(shù)的Fe_3O_4/SiO_2復合纖維。研究發(fā)現(xiàn):復合纖維密度很低、耐酸性強。Fe_3O_4含量較低的復合纖維在匹配厚度為6mm,反射損耗峰值在頻率為18GHz處達到-16.1dB,其-10d B的有效吸收帶寬達到11.8GHz。進一步增加Fe_3O_4的含量,由于SiO_2纖維包覆能力有限,使得多于的Fe_3O_4顆粒吸附在纖維外表面,吸波性能并未能得到明顯改善。綜上,相比于單一組分的Fe_3O_4吸波材料,利用靜電紡絲在Fe_3O_4表面包覆SiO_2纖維制得的Fe_3O_4/SiO_2復合纖維,其密度低、耐酸性強,有效吸收頻帶寬。
[Abstract]:Fe _ 3O _ 4, as a traditional magnetic absorbing material, has the advantages of high permeability, high absorption intensity and simple preparation, but it has high relative density, narrow absorption band, poor dispersion of particles and easy corrosion. Its further application is limited by its disadvantages such as poor high temperature. The SiO2 material has stable chemical properties, easy functionalization, low dielectric constant and low electrical conductivity. Using SiO2 as the coating layer of Fe3O4 nanoparticles can not only improve the interaction between Fe3O4 nanoparticles, but also improve the dispersion of Fe3O4 nanoparticles. And the unique interfacial effect between them can make the impedance more matching. Electrospinning is one of the most effective methods to prepare micro and nano fibers. This method makes the electrospinning precursor be stretched at high speed in high voltage electric field and the solvent volatilizes and solidifies to produce micro and nano fibers. In this paper, two kinds of Fe3O / SiO2 composite fibers and pure Fe3O4 fibers were prepared by electrospinning method. The morphology, structure, acid resistance and absorptivity of the fibers were analyzed. The main contents are as follows: (1) in the spinning range, Two kinds of Fe _ 3O _ 4 / Sio _ 2 composite fibers with different mass fraction were prepared by electrospinning technique by doping the Sio _ 3O _ 4 nanoparticles prepared by hydrothermal method into the Sio _ 2 fibers. It is found that Fe3O4 nanoparticles have poor dispersion, serious agglomeration and narrow effective absorption bandwidth of 5.9 GHz. However, the distribution of Fe3O4 nanoparticles in the Fe3O4 / SiO2 composite fiber has been obviously improved, and the density of the composite fiber is very low and the resistance to acid is strong. The sample Fe3O / SiOs _ 2 composite fiber (mass ratio 1:10) is 6 mm thick, the peak reflection loss is -14.8dB at 18GHz, and its effective absorption bandwidth of -10dB is 11.0GHz. Further increasing the content of Fe3O4, due to the poor dispersion of the particles, the microwave absorption properties have not improved. (2) Fe3O4 precursor fibers were prepared by electrostatic spinning using citric acid, ferric nitrate and ferrous sulfate as raw materials. After sintering, Fe3OS4 fibers were obtained. The absorption intensity is very high, but the effective absorption bandwidth is relatively narrow. On the basis of combining the two kinds of sol precursors effectively, two kinds of Fe3Os / SiO2 composite fibers with different mass fraction were prepared by electrospinning the mixed precursor of Fe3O4 precursor and SiO2 sol. It is found that the composite fibers with low fiber density and low acid resistance. Fe3O _ 4 have a matching thickness of 6mm, a peak reflection loss of -16.1 dB at 18GHz, and an effective absorption bandwidth of -10dB of 11.8 GHz 路min ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1) 路L ~ (-1). The content of Fe3O4 is further increased. Due to the limited coating ability of SiO2 fibers, more Fe3O4 particles are adsorbed on the outer surface of the fibers. To sum up, compared with the single component of the Snap-Fe3O4 absorbing material, the Fe3O4 / SiO2 composite fiber, which is prepared by electrostatic spinning, is coated with the SiO2 fiber on the surface of the Fe3O4. Its density is low, the acid resistance is strong, and the effective absorption frequency bandwidth is high.
【學位授予單位】：哈爾濱工業(yè)大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2017
【分類號】：TB34

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