發(fā)布時間：2018-04-14 09:24

  本文選題：云南省 + 地質(zhì)災(zāi)害��； 參考：《中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)》2015年碩士論文

【摘要】：云南省地處板塊交界處,構(gòu)造運動多變,地震活動頻繁,且地形陡峻,切割破碎,地層巖性復雜,氣候帶類型獨特多樣,局地強降水頻繁,生態(tài)環(huán)境脆弱。滑坡、泥石流災(zāi)害數(shù)量多面積廣、活動強烈、突發(fā)性強,是造成生命財產(chǎn)損失、制約經(jīng)濟社會發(fā)展的主要災(zāi)種。而對云南省滑坡、泥石流孕育因素的研究,在災(zāi)害預測和減災(zāi)方面是有很重要的意義的。基于此,本文以云南省的為研究區(qū)域,以滑坡、泥石流為研究對象,依托《災(zāi)害易發(fā)區(qū)遙感地質(zhì)綜合解譯》項目,在1:50萬地質(zhì)圖和高分辨率DEM數(shù)據(jù)解譯基礎(chǔ)上,并整理統(tǒng)計11596處滑坡、2841處泥石流數(shù)據(jù)。對地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的孕育因素特征進行了定性和定量化分析研究,并對云南省滑坡、泥石流易發(fā)性進行評價和分區(qū)。取得以下成果:1.初步定量的分析了地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的分布特征和規(guī)律云南省地質(zhì)災(zāi)害以滑坡為主,泥石流次之;滑坡以滑動滑坡、牽引式滑坡和推移式滑坡為主;泥石流以泥石流、水石流為主。主要分布在昭通地區(qū)、普洱地區(qū)、楚雄彝族自治州、紅河哈尼族彝族自治州以及大理白族自治州。以小型為主,但大型和巨型滑坡控制著滑坡總面積和總體積;各市州滑坡相對個數(shù)密度、相對面積密度、相對體積密度以及綜合地質(zhì)災(zāi)害強度指數(shù)呈現(xiàn)不同的分布狀態(tài)。2.初步分析了主要孕育因素對地質(zhì)災(zāi)害的影響分析了孕育滑坡、泥石流發(fā)生的主要因素:地形地貌(高程、坡度、坡向)、斜坡結(jié)構(gòu)類型、地層巖性、地質(zhì)構(gòu)造、水系、植被覆蓋度等的影響作用,以及云南省滑坡、泥石流的主要誘發(fā)因素:降雨(短時暴雨)、人類活動(植被破壞、修建道路等)的誘發(fā)作用。3.建立了較為系統(tǒng)的云南省地質(zhì)災(zāi)害評價指標體系,通過定性和定量相結(jié)合的方法,具體分析了地質(zhì)災(zāi)害與孕育因素之間的關(guān)系。采用層次分析法和專家打分法,對評價因素進行概化分級和賦值,并計算各因素的權(quán)重�；�于GIS的柵格疊加計算,進行各因素圖層疊加,得到易發(fā)性分區(qū)圖。對云南省災(zāi)害易發(fā)區(qū)進行分析,并將災(zāi)害易發(fā)區(qū)劃分4個分區(qū):高易發(fā)區(qū)、中易發(fā)區(qū)、低易發(fā)區(qū)和極低易發(fā)區(qū)。
[Abstract]:Yunnan Province is located at the junction of plate, with changeable tectonic movement, frequent seismicity, steep topography, broken cut, complicated strata and lithology, unique and diverse climatic zones, frequent local heavy precipitation and fragile ecological environment.Landslide and debris flow are the main disasters which cause the loss of life and property and restrict the development of economy and society.The study of landslide and debris flow inoculation factors in Yunnan Province is of great significance in disaster prediction and disaster reduction.Based on this, taking Yunnan Province as the research area, taking landslide and debris flow as research objects, relying on the project "Comprehensive interpretation of remote sensing geology in disaster-prone areas", this paper interprets geological maps and high-resolution DEM data on the basis of 1: 500,000 geological map.And collate 11596 landslides and 2841 debris flow data.Qualitative and quantitative analysis and study on the characteristics of geological hazard are carried out, and the susceptibility of landslide and debris flow in Yunnan Province is evaluated and zoned.The following results have been achieved: 1.The distribution characteristics and laws of geological hazards in Yunnan Province are analyzed quantitatively. Landslide is the main geological hazard followed by debris flow; landslide is dominated by sliding landslide traction landslide and bedded landslide; debris flow is dominated by debris flow and water-stone flow.They are mainly distributed in Zhaotong, Pu'er, Chuxiong Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Honghe Hani Yi Autonomous Prefecture and Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture.The large and giant landslides control the total area and the total volume of landslide, and the relative number density, relative area density, relative volume density and comprehensive geological hazard intensity index of landslide in each city and state show different distribution state.The influence of main inoculation factors on geological hazard is analyzed preliminarily. The main factors of landslide preparation and debris flow occurrence are analyzed: landform and landform (elevation, slope, slope direction, slope structure type, stratigraphic lithology, geological structure, water system, etc.)The effect of vegetation coverage, and the main inducing factors of landslide and debris flow in Yunnan Province: rainfall (short term rainstorm), human activities (vegetation destruction, road building, etc.).A systematic evaluation index system of geological hazards in Yunnan Province is established. The relationship between geological hazards and inoculation factors is analyzed by combining qualitative and quantitative methods.By using AHP and expert scoring method, the evaluation factors are classified and assigned, and the weights of each factor are calculated.The raster superposition calculation based on GIS is carried out.The disaster-prone areas in Yunnan Province were analyzed, and the disaster-prone areas were divided into four subareas: high, middle, low and very low prone areas.
【學位授予單位】：中國地質(zhì)大學(北京)
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2015
【分類號】：P642.2

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