發(fā)布時間：2018-07-29 06:04

【摘要】：課題來源于國防科工委“十一五”民用航天預研項目—“空間環(huán)境下的高性能摩擦副與高效傳動機構(gòu)技術(shù)”（C4220061319）、國家教育部“長江學者和創(chuàng)新團隊發(fā)展計劃”項目—“高性能機電傳動系統(tǒng)的創(chuàng)新設(shè)計理論、方法與技術(shù)”（IRT0763）、國家自然科學基金重點項目—“新型高性能傳動件及系統(tǒng)的可靠性設(shè)計理論與方法”（50735008）。 減速器系統(tǒng)的工作狀態(tài)極其復雜，不僅載荷工況和動力裝置多樣，且對于齒輪傳動系統(tǒng)，由于時變嚙合剛度、傳動誤差、齒側(cè)間隙等因素的影響，引起輪齒接觸 脫離 接觸周期性、強非線性耦合振動，對傳動系統(tǒng)的平穩(wěn)性、可靠性產(chǎn)生嚴重影響。因此對其進行動態(tài)特性、間隙非線性振動行為及影響因素的研究，為高性能齒輪系統(tǒng)的設(shè)計、分析、制造提供了一定的理論依據(jù)與實驗參考。 論文以NN型少齒差行星減速器為對象，，先分析其結(jié)構(gòu)及傳動原理，用有限元法分析其固有頻率及模態(tài)振型，用集中質(zhì)量法建立減速器系統(tǒng)非線性振動模型與方程，通過數(shù)值求解分析減速器非線性振動特性以及參數(shù)對它的影響。最后對其模態(tài)特性和振動響應進行實驗研究。 論文主要研究內(nèi)容如下： （1）分析該減速器的結(jié)構(gòu)、傳動原理，計算某常見工況下各傳動件的理論轉(zhuǎn)速。求得兩級傳動的理論嚙合頻率、嚙合阻尼。詳細分析各滾動軸承的變形、剛度、阻尼等動特性參數(shù)。 （2）推導內(nèi)齒副單齒剛度計算式，考慮理論重合度，計算多對齒嚙合剛度。將兩級傳動多對齒時變嚙合剛度擬合為8階Fourier級數(shù)的形式。分別以各級傳動嚙合角頻率為角速度的正弦函數(shù)模擬各級齒輪誤差。 （3）采用ABAQUS建立該減速器有限元自由模態(tài)分析模型，其中輪齒嚙合部位采用綁定約束，用彈簧單元模擬軸承。采用Lanczos特征值求解器對該減速器進行自由模態(tài)求解，獲得該減速器前20階固有頻率及模態(tài)振型。 （4）綜合考慮齒輪嚙合剛度、傳動誤差、齒側(cè)間隙及支撐剛度和阻尼，用集中質(zhì)量法建立多自由度、多間隙、變參數(shù)、彎 扭耦合的兩級齒輪系統(tǒng)非線性振動模型，用Lagrange方程推導齒輪系統(tǒng)的非線性振動微分方程組。用四階五級的RKF法對非線性微分方程組求解，系統(tǒng)地分析該減速器各齒輪振動位移、速度響應，以及振動位移 速度相圖、Poincaré截面。進一步計算得齒輪彈粘嚙合力、軸承動載荷、振動加速度響應。最后分析各參數(shù)對減速器非線性振動特性的影響。 （5）用LMS Test. Lab對該減速器進行錘擊法自由模態(tài)實驗，驗證理論分析結(jié)果的正確性。用三向加速度傳感器采集減速器殼體振動信號，由FFT變換得到相應的振動頻率，經(jīng)1/3倍頻處理分析振動加速度級結(jié)構(gòu)噪聲，經(jīng)積分處理得到振動速度及位移響應。
[Abstract]:The subject comes from the "11th Five-Year" Civil Aerospace Pre-Research Program of the National Commission for National Defense Science, Technology of High-Performance friction pairs and High-efficiency Transmission mechanisms in Space Environment (C4220061319), and the National Ministry of Education "Yangtze River Scholars and Innovation team Development Plan" -"innovative design theory for high performance electromechanical transmission systems, Methods and techniques "(IRT0763), key item of National Natural Science Foundation -" Theory and method of Reliability Design for New High performance Transmission parts and Systems "(50735008). The working state of the reducer system is extremely complex, not only the load working conditions and power devices are various, but also the gear transmission system is affected by the time-varying meshing stiffness, transmission error, tooth side clearance and so on. The gear tooth contact is caused by the periodic and strong nonlinear coupling vibration, which has a serious effect on the stability and reliability of the transmission system. Therefore, the study of the dynamic characteristics, the nonlinear vibration behavior of clearance and the influencing factors provide a certain theoretical basis and experimental reference for the design, analysis and manufacture of high performance gear system. In this paper, the structure and transmission principle of NN type planetary reducer with less tooth difference are analyzed, its natural frequency and modal mode are analyzed by finite element method, and the nonlinear vibration model and equation of reducer system are established by means of lumped mass method. The nonlinear vibration characteristics of reducer and the influence of parameters on it are analyzed numerically. Finally, the modal characteristics and vibration response are studied experimentally. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the structure and driving principle of the reducer are analyzed. The theoretical meshing frequency and meshing damping of the two-stage transmission are obtained. The parameters of deformation, stiffness and damping of rolling bearings are analyzed in detail. (2) the calculation formula of single tooth stiffness of internal gear pair is derived, and the meshing stiffness of multiple pairs of teeth is calculated considering the degree of theoretical coincidence. The time-varying meshing stiffness of multi-pair teeth of two-stage transmission is fitted to the form of eighth order Fourier series. The sinusoidal function with the angular frequency of meshing angle of each transmission is used to simulate the errors of gear at all levels. (3) the finite element free modal analysis model of the reducer is established by using ABAQUS, in which the gear tooth meshing part is bound constrained. Use spring element to simulate bearing. The Lanczos eigenvalue solver is used to solve the free mode of the reducer, and the first 20 natural frequencies and modal modes of the reducer are obtained. (4) the gear meshing stiffness, transmission error, tooth side clearance and support stiffness and damping are considered synthetically. The nonlinear vibration model of a two-stage gear system with multiple degrees of freedom, multiple clearances, variable parameters and coupled bending and torsion is established by means of the lumped mass method. The nonlinear vibration differential equations of the gear system are derived by using the Lagrange equation. The fourth order five-stage RKF method is used to solve the nonlinear differential equations. The vibration displacement, velocity response and velocity phase diagram of each gear in the reducer are systematically analyzed. The gear elastic engagement force, bearing dynamic load and vibration acceleration response are further calculated. Finally, the influence of the parameters on the nonlinear vibration characteristics of the reducer is analyzed. (5) LMS Test is used. The free mode experiment of hammering method is carried out by Lab to verify the correctness of the theoretical analysis. The vibration signal of the reducer shell is collected by three direction acceleration sensor and the corresponding vibration frequency is obtained by FFT transform. The structural noise of vibration acceleration level is analyzed by 1 / 3 frequency doubling processing, and the vibration velocity and displacement response are obtained by integral processing.
【學位授予單位】：重慶大學
【學位級別】：博士
【學位授予年份】：2013
【分類號】：TH132.46

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