發(fā)布時間：2018-08-02 18:26

【摘要】：隨著國家“節(jié)能減排”任務的提出,能源消耗問題越來越受到國家的重視。料場系統(tǒng)運行工作時,料場的布置形式、堆取料機的取料軌跡、輸送機的機械損耗以及驅動系統(tǒng)的工作效率等方面均會對能源消耗產(chǎn)生影響。針對不同的影響因素,分別對料場輸送機系統(tǒng)節(jié)能優(yōu)化進行了討論。 料場的布置應遵循統(tǒng)籌安排、合理布局、遠近結合等原則,結合堆取料機的參數(shù),得出了料堆高度、料堆寬度和料堆長度分別與斗輪堆取料機的懸臂俯仰高度、回轉半徑和最大行程的對應關系,為料場的布置提供了參考依據(jù)。 通過對懸臂式斗輪堆取料機斗輪運動規(guī)律的分析,推導出斗輪挖掘切割邊長的計算公式,為實現(xiàn)斗輪切割邊長最短,挖掘阻力最小提供了依據(jù)；同時確定了堆取料機斗輪齒尖切屑軌跡為最佳軌跡時斗輪鏟斗長寬比例與斗輪機大車前進距離與懸臂回轉初速度之間的比例關系；并給出了新的取料循環(huán)方式,對已有的斗輪堆取料機,可以提高平均取料能力,對尚在設計中的新產(chǎn)品,可以降低挖掘阻力和斗輪驅動功率。 由于德國標準計算不同填充率下輸送機運行阻力時,模擬摩擦阻力系數(shù)變化的緣故,采用了美國CEMA6計算方法計算輸送機運行阻力。CEMA6計算方法計算輸送機主要阻力時不需要考慮區(qū)段的模擬摩擦阻力系數(shù),而是通過計算輸送帶張力,將產(chǎn)生主要阻力的各個張力分量計算出來相加得到。通過一個具體的實例分析,借助特征量“能量消耗率”的概念,得出不同帶速下輸送機能量消耗變化情況,指出輸送機運量與帶速的匹配關系。 針對輸送機負載的變化,首先根據(jù)異步電動機的數(shù)學模型及等效電路對功率消耗進行分析,得出電動機的功率消耗流程；討論了功率消耗與定子端電壓的關系,論證了不同負載情況下調壓節(jié)能的可行性,并選擇合適的控制量,采用雙向晶閘管實現(xiàn)調壓運行；建立了驅動系統(tǒng)的Simulink仿真模型,可視化的觀察電動機定子電壓、定子電流、轉速和功率的變化曲線,得出調壓運行時電動機的功率因數(shù)和工作效率均得到提高,驗證了理論推導的正確性。
[Abstract]:With the national "energy saving and emission reduction" task proposed, energy consumption has been paid more and more attention. When the material yard system is running, the layout of the yard, the loading path of the stacker, the mechanical loss of the conveyor and the working efficiency of the drive system will affect the energy consumption. According to different influencing factors, the energy-saving optimization of conveyer system in material yard is discussed. The layout of the yard should follow the principles of overall arrangement, reasonable layout, combination of distance and near, and combining with the parameters of the heap-taker, the height of the pile, the width of the pile and the length of the pile and the pitch height of the cantilever of the bucket wheel stacker are obtained, respectively. The relationship between the radius of rotation and the maximum stroke provides a reference for the layout of the material yard. Based on the analysis of the motion law of bucket wheel of cantilever bucket wheel heap-taker, the calculation formula of bucket wheel cutting side length is deduced, which provides the basis for realizing the shortest length of bucket wheel cutting side and minimum excavating resistance. At the same time, the relationship between the ratio of bucket length to width and the advance distance of bucket wheel and the initial speed of cantilever rotation are determined when the chip path of bucket wheel tip is the best trajectory, and a new method of collecting material circulation is given. For the existing bucket wheel stacker, the average collecting capacity can be improved, and for the new product still under design, the excavating resistance and the driving power of the bucket wheel can be reduced. As the German standard calculates the running resistance of conveyors under different filling rates, it simulates the variation of friction resistance coefficient. In this paper, the American CEMA6 method is used to calculate the running resistance of the conveyor. When the main resistance of the conveyor is calculated, the simulated friction coefficient of the section is not considered, but the tension of the conveyor belt is calculated. The various tension components that produce the main resistance are calculated to add up. By analyzing a concrete example, with the help of the concept of characteristic quantity "energy consumption rate", the change of energy consumption of conveyer under different belt speeds is obtained, and the matching relationship between conveyer capacity and belt speed is pointed out. According to the change of conveyer load, the power consumption is analyzed according to the mathematical model and equivalent circuit of asynchronous motor, and the power consumption flow of motor is obtained, and the relationship between power consumption and stator terminal voltage is discussed. The feasibility of reducing voltage and saving energy under different load conditions is demonstrated, and the bidirectional thyristor (Thyristor) is adopted to realize the voltage regulation and operation, and the Simulink simulation model of driving system is established to visualize the stator voltage and current of the motor. The power factor and working efficiency of the motor are improved by the curve of speed and power, which verifies the correctness of the theoretical derivation.
【學位授予單位】：東北大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH222

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本文編號：2160316