往復氫氣壓縮機管系振動原因分析及結構改進
發(fā)布時間：2018-08-06 11:34
【摘要】：往復式壓縮機主要包括：活塞式壓縮機,柱塞式壓縮機,其中以活塞式壓縮機的應用最為廣泛�；钊綁嚎s機是靠一個或者幾個活塞通過在密閉容器中的往復運動壓縮氣體的一種壓縮機。由于活塞式壓縮機周期性的吸氣、排氣,產生了氣流的脈動,氣流脈動對壓縮機管道產生壓力很大的撞擊,致使管道產生振動。振動對壓縮機的危害很大,能使儀表失靈,降低氣閥的靈敏度,降低壓縮機的容積效率。劇烈的管道振動會造成有毒有害氣體泄漏,甚至爆炸,嚴重危害人民的生命財產安全。因此,研究活塞式壓縮機管系振動問題,并提出防振措施具有十分重要的現實意義和理論意義。 本文首先應用工程實踐中常用的激發(fā)主頻率計算公式,計算出壓縮機的激發(fā)主頻率。再應用Pro/engineer建立壓縮機的管系結構圖,將管系分為四段相互獨立的管段,導入ansys10.0對管系中的氣柱進行模態(tài)分析,得出氣柱的工作頻率。然后,應用ansys10.0分別對四段管系進行模態(tài)分析,得出其前10階固有頻率和振型圖。為了使激發(fā)頻率、氣柱工作頻率和管系的固有頻率不在共振區(qū),通過改進管系的結構使管系的固有頻率遠離氣柱工作頻率,避免管系和氣柱的共振。通過增設管系支架和改善管道結構來改變管系的固有頻率,使其遠離激發(fā)頻率區(qū),為優(yōu)化管道提供可靠的理論依據。通過增設氣流孔板使氣柱的工作頻率遠離激發(fā)頻率。 對管道進行諧響應分析,通過模擬實際情況,加載相應的載荷,應用ansys進行計算,得出管系振動的結果,并得出振動位移較大處的位移圖像,在此處添加相應的支架和孔板等約束,改善振動情況。再進行分析計算,使其滿足振動的允許值。 最后,提出了在管道設計中消減氣流脈動、設置緩沖器和孔板,避免管道和氣柱共振等防振減震措施。這些措施和方法不僅在設計階段可以應用,而且在壓縮機正常工作期間,當出現相應問題時可以做出相應的調整,具有很重要的實用價值。
[Abstract]:Reciprocating compressors include piston compressors and plunger compressors, among which piston compressors are the most widely used. A piston compressor is a compressor that compresses gas by one or more pistons through reciprocating motion in a closed vessel. Due to the periodic suction and exhaust of the piston compressor, the pulsation of the air flow produces a great impact on the compressor pipeline, resulting in the vibration of the pipeline. Vibration is very harmful to the compressor, which can make the instrument fail, reduce the sensitivity of the valve and reduce the volumetric efficiency of the compressor. Violent pipe vibration will cause toxic and harmful gas leakage, even explosion, seriously endangering the safety of people's lives and property. Therefore, it is of great practical and theoretical significance to study the vibration of piston compressor and put forward the anti-vibration measures. In this paper, the excitation main frequency of compressor is calculated by using the calculation formula of excitation main frequency which is commonly used in engineering practice. Then Pro/engineer is used to establish the structure diagram of the compressor system, and the pipe system is divided into four independent sections. The modal analysis of the gas column in the pipeline system is carried out by introducing ansys10.0, and the working frequency of the gas column is obtained. Then, the modal analysis of the four-section tube system is carried out by ansys10.0, and the first 10 natural frequencies and mode shapes are obtained. In order to make the excitation frequency, the operating frequency of the gas column and the natural frequency of the pipe system are not in the resonance region, the natural frequency of the pipe system can be separated from the operating frequency of the gas column by improving the structure of the pipe system, and the resonance of the pipe system and the gas column can be avoided. By adding pipe support and improving pipeline structure, the natural frequency of pipe system is changed, which is far from the excitation frequency region, which provides a reliable theoretical basis for the optimization of pipeline. The working frequency of the gas column is far from the excitation frequency by adding air orifice plate. The harmonic response of the pipeline is analyzed. By simulating the actual situation, loading the corresponding load, using ansys to calculate, the result of the pipe system vibration is obtained, and the displacement image where the vibration displacement is large is obtained. Add appropriate support and hole plate constraints here to improve vibration. Then analysis and calculation are carried out to make it meet the allowable value of vibration. Finally, some measures are put forward, such as reducing the flow pulsation in the pipeline design, setting the buffer and orifice plate, avoiding the resonance of the pipeline and the gas column, and so on. These measures and methods can be applied not only in the design stage, but also in the normal operation of the compressor, when the corresponding problems can be adjusted accordingly, it is of great practical value.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH45
本文編號：2167611
[Abstract]:Reciprocating compressors include piston compressors and plunger compressors, among which piston compressors are the most widely used. A piston compressor is a compressor that compresses gas by one or more pistons through reciprocating motion in a closed vessel. Due to the periodic suction and exhaust of the piston compressor, the pulsation of the air flow produces a great impact on the compressor pipeline, resulting in the vibration of the pipeline. Vibration is very harmful to the compressor, which can make the instrument fail, reduce the sensitivity of the valve and reduce the volumetric efficiency of the compressor. Violent pipe vibration will cause toxic and harmful gas leakage, even explosion, seriously endangering the safety of people's lives and property. Therefore, it is of great practical and theoretical significance to study the vibration of piston compressor and put forward the anti-vibration measures. In this paper, the excitation main frequency of compressor is calculated by using the calculation formula of excitation main frequency which is commonly used in engineering practice. Then Pro/engineer is used to establish the structure diagram of the compressor system, and the pipe system is divided into four independent sections. The modal analysis of the gas column in the pipeline system is carried out by introducing ansys10.0, and the working frequency of the gas column is obtained. Then, the modal analysis of the four-section tube system is carried out by ansys10.0, and the first 10 natural frequencies and mode shapes are obtained. In order to make the excitation frequency, the operating frequency of the gas column and the natural frequency of the pipe system are not in the resonance region, the natural frequency of the pipe system can be separated from the operating frequency of the gas column by improving the structure of the pipe system, and the resonance of the pipe system and the gas column can be avoided. By adding pipe support and improving pipeline structure, the natural frequency of pipe system is changed, which is far from the excitation frequency region, which provides a reliable theoretical basis for the optimization of pipeline. The working frequency of the gas column is far from the excitation frequency by adding air orifice plate. The harmonic response of the pipeline is analyzed. By simulating the actual situation, loading the corresponding load, using ansys to calculate, the result of the pipe system vibration is obtained, and the displacement image where the vibration displacement is large is obtained. Add appropriate support and hole plate constraints here to improve vibration. Then analysis and calculation are carried out to make it meet the allowable value of vibration. Finally, some measures are put forward, such as reducing the flow pulsation in the pipeline design, setting the buffer and orifice plate, avoiding the resonance of the pipeline and the gas column, and so on. These measures and methods can be applied not only in the design stage, but also in the normal operation of the compressor, when the corresponding problems can be adjusted accordingly, it is of great practical value.
【學位授予單位】：武漢理工大學
【學位級別】：碩士
【學位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：TH45
【參考文獻】
相關碩士學位論文 前3條
1 龍晶;化工管線振動有限元分析與減振措施[D];大慶石油學院;2008年
2 陳海峰;往復壓縮機管道振動特性及安全評定研究[D];中國石油大學;2009年
3 徐洪淼;離心壓縮機振動故障分析與處理[D];沈陽工業(yè)大學;2009年
，本文編號：2167611
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