發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-05-21 07:40

  本文選題：磁控埋弧焊 + 窄間隙傳感器　； 參考：《湘潭大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：隨著我國對(duì)電力結(jié)構(gòu)及容量需求的調(diào)整,導(dǎo)致對(duì)高參數(shù)、大容量的電站鍋爐需求日益增大。其中鍋筒是鍋爐中最為重要的承壓部件。在現(xiàn)代鍋筒制造中,焊接是不可或缺的技術(shù)之一。為了獲得優(yōu)良的焊接質(zhì)量,較高的生產(chǎn)效率,較安全的作業(yè)環(huán)境,同時(shí)要減輕工人的勞動(dòng)強(qiáng)度,需提高焊接智能化、自動(dòng)化水平。而焊縫自動(dòng)跟蹤是實(shí)現(xiàn)焊縫自動(dòng)化的關(guān)鍵技術(shù)之一。本文針對(duì)電站鍋筒的自動(dòng)焊接問題,開展磁控窄間隙埋弧焊跟蹤傳感器和熔寬自適應(yīng)方法的研究。(1)結(jié)合磁控電弧和窄間隙埋弧焊的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)一種新型的跟蹤傳感器,并闡述了設(shè)計(jì)理念和方案;針對(duì)傳統(tǒng)磁控電弧傳感器的勵(lì)磁電源模塊出現(xiàn)的波形失真、信號(hào)調(diào)節(jié)困難等問題,重新設(shè)計(jì)波形發(fā)生電路和功率放大電路,減小激磁波形失真度,增強(qiáng)其抗干擾能力,簡化信號(hào)調(diào)節(jié)機(jī)制,有利于后續(xù)跟蹤試驗(yàn)的研究和分析。(2)建立磁控窄間隙埋弧焊跟蹤傳感器的結(jié)構(gòu)仿真模型,針對(duì)導(dǎo)磁硅芯部件的橫截面參數(shù)進(jìn)行COMSOL磁場仿真,依據(jù)電弧擺動(dòng)的磁場要求,優(yōu)化跟蹤傳感器的模型;針對(duì)焊接中傳感器過熱問題,設(shè)計(jì)智能水冷系統(tǒng),通過試驗(yàn)有效地驗(yàn)證智能水冷系統(tǒng)的冷卻能力。(3)依據(jù)窄間隙坡口的特點(diǎn),建立磁控窄間隙埋弧焊跟蹤傳感器的擺動(dòng)電弧角和電弧弧長的數(shù)學(xué)模型,運(yùn)用Simulink搭建其仿真模型,獲得不同坡口的電壓特征信號(hào)規(guī)律,為焊縫自動(dòng)跟蹤的偏差信號(hào)提供參考依據(jù)。(4)采用二階Butterworth濾波與VMD組合濾波方法對(duì)實(shí)際電壓特征信號(hào)進(jìn)行濾波處理,有效地證明該濾波能力;為識(shí)別和檢測(cè)窄間隙坡口類別,提出一種電壓轉(zhuǎn)相與均值電壓差值法組合方法;依據(jù)電壓特征信號(hào)的特點(diǎn),設(shè)計(jì)以LM393為核心的定位采集電路,建立熔寬自適應(yīng)焊縫跟蹤系統(tǒng),達(dá)到熔寬自調(diào)節(jié)和焊縫跟蹤的要求。(5)在自行搭建的磁控窄間隙埋弧焊跟蹤系統(tǒng)平臺(tái)上進(jìn)行焊縫跟蹤試驗(yàn),結(jié)果表明焊縫跟蹤效果良好,熔寬自適應(yīng)焊縫跟蹤系統(tǒng)工作穩(wěn)定,實(shí)時(shí)性好,焊縫熔寬調(diào)節(jié)能力較強(qiáng)。
[Abstract]:With the adjustment of power structure and capacity demand in China, the demand for high parameter and large capacity utility boilers is increasing day by day. The boiler drum is the most important pressure-bearing part in the boiler. Welding is one of the indispensable techniques in modern pot barrel manufacture. In order to obtain good welding quality, higher production efficiency, safer working environment and reduce the labor intensity of workers, it is necessary to improve the level of welding intelligence and automation. Automatic seam tracking is one of the key technologies to realize weld automation. In this paper, aiming at the problem of automatic welding of boiler tube in power station, a new type of tracking sensor is designed, which combines the characteristics of magnetically controlled arc welding and narrow gap submerged arc welding, and develops the research of magnetically controlled narrow gap submerged arc welding tracking sensor and the adaptive melting width method. Aiming at the problems of waveform distortion and signal adjustment in the excitation power supply module of traditional magnetron arc sensor, the waveform generating circuit and power amplifier circuit are redesigned to reduce the distortion of excitation waveform. Enhancing its anti-jamming ability, simplifying the signal regulation mechanism, which is helpful to the research and analysis of follow-up tracking test. (2) to establish the structural simulation model of magnetically controlled narrow gap submerged arc welding tracking sensor. According to the magnetic field requirement of arc swing, the model of tracking sensor is optimized, and the intelligent water-cooling system is designed to solve the problem of overheating of sensor in welding. According to the characteristics of narrow gap groove, the mathematical model of the swing arc angle and arc length of magnetically controlled narrow gap submerged arc welding tracking sensor is established, and the simulation model is built by Simulink. The law of voltage characteristic signal of different groove is obtained, which provides reference for the deviation signal of weld seam automatic tracking. (4) the method of combining second-order Butterworth filter and VMD filter is used to filter and process the actual voltage characteristic signal, which effectively proves the filtering ability. In order to identify and detect the type of narrow gap groove, a combination method of voltage phase shift and mean voltage difference method is proposed, and according to the characteristics of voltage characteristic signal, a positioning acquisition circuit with LM393 as the core is designed, and an adaptive weld tracking system is established. To meet the requirement of self-adjusting of weld width and seam tracking, the welding seam tracking test is carried out on the platform of magnetically controlled narrow gap submerged arc welding tracking system. The results show that the seam tracking effect is good, and the adaptive weld tracking system works stably. Good real-time, weld width adjustment ability.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：湘潭大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TG409;TP212

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