發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-06-03 01:17

  本文選題：能耗均衡 + 交叉廣播��； 參考：《華北電力大學(xué)》2017年碩士論文

【摘要】：無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)在軍事國(guó)防、工農(nóng)業(yè)控制、衛(wèi)生醫(yī)療、環(huán)境監(jiān)測(cè)和搶險(xiǎn)救災(zāi)等領(lǐng)域都有廣泛的應(yīng)用前景。路由算法的優(yōu)劣直接關(guān)系到無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)數(shù)據(jù)通信的性能。由于無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)能量受限,如何節(jié)省能量使網(wǎng)絡(luò)中的節(jié)點(diǎn)能耗均衡以延長(zhǎng)網(wǎng)絡(luò)的生存時(shí)間是無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)研究的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題。論文首先對(duì)比了洪泛Flooding、定向擴(kuò)散DD、最小跳數(shù)MHC、低能耗分簇Leach和基于剩余能量的BRE-Flooding等WSN路由算法的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)。接著論述了能量均衡的EBRT路由算法的具體過(guò)程,并采用NS2軟件對(duì)EBRT、MHC與BRE-Flooding路由算法的性能進(jìn)行仿真,對(duì)比分析了節(jié)點(diǎn)能量使用、端到端的時(shí)延以及節(jié)點(diǎn)失效等網(wǎng)絡(luò)性能。仿真結(jié)果表明,EBRT算法在保持節(jié)點(diǎn)能耗均衡和降低網(wǎng)絡(luò)時(shí)延等方面具有明顯的優(yōu)勢(shì)。EBRT算法采用延遲轉(zhuǎn)發(fā)機(jī)制發(fā)送交叉廣播消息包,保證了全局路由信息更新的有效性和實(shí)時(shí)性,但是需要對(duì)路由消息包進(jìn)行定時(shí)同步。針對(duì)該問(wèn)題,論文提出了一種基于交叉廣播的路由同步機(jī)制,在交叉廣播數(shù)據(jù)包中增加時(shí)間字段,計(jì)算交叉廣播消息包生成的計(jì)時(shí)時(shí)間,并通過(guò)交換交叉廣播消息包進(jìn)行節(jié)點(diǎn)時(shí)間同步。該路由同步算法不需要參考節(jié)點(diǎn)和逐級(jí)同步,消除了累積誤差,當(dāng)個(gè)別節(jié)點(diǎn)失效時(shí)也不會(huì)影響算法整體的健壯性。最后,論文從擁塞檢測(cè)、擁塞避免和擁塞解除等方面研究了無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的擁塞控制問(wèn)題,基于傳輸表制定了一種擁塞控制策略,可以解決無(wú)線傳感器網(wǎng)絡(luò)的擁塞問(wèn)題。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor network (WSN) has a wide range of applications in military defense, industrial and agricultural control, health care, environmental monitoring and disaster relief. The routing algorithm is directly related to the performance of wireless sensor network data communication. Due to the limited energy of wireless sensor networks, how to save energy to equalize the energy consumption of nodes in the network to prolong the lifetime of the network is a key issue in wireless sensor networks. Firstly, the advantages and disadvantages of flooding, directional diffusion DDD, minimum hop number Leach, low energy consumption clustering Leach and residual energy based BRE-Flooding routing algorithm are compared. Then the specific process of energy balanced EBRT routing algorithm is discussed, and the performance of EBRT MHC and BRE-Flooding routing algorithm is simulated by NS2 software. The network performance such as node energy usage, end-to-end delay and node failure are compared and analyzed. The simulation results show that the EBRT algorithm has obvious advantages in maintaining the energy balance of nodes and reducing the network delay. The EBRT algorithm uses the delay forwarding mechanism to send the cross-broadcast message packets, which ensures the effectiveness and real-time of global routing information update. However, routing packets need to be synchronized periodically. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a routing synchronization mechanism based on cross broadcast, which adds time field to cross broadcast packet and calculates the timing time of cross broadcast message packet generation. The node time synchronization is carried out by exchanging cross-broadcast message packets. The routing synchronization algorithm does not need reference nodes and step by step synchronization, which eliminates the accumulated errors, and does not affect the robustness of the algorithm when individual nodes fail. Finally, this paper studies the congestion control of wireless sensor networks from the aspects of congestion detection, congestion avoidance and congestion relief. A congestion control strategy based on transport table is developed, which can solve the congestion problem of wireless sensor networks.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：華北電力大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2017
【分類號(hào)】：TP212.9;TN929.5

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本文編號(hào)：1970909