發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-11-11 08:58

【摘要】：關(guān)于兒童性侵犯的發(fā)生率,雖然沒有確切的統(tǒng)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)顯示,但是西方的許多研究都已經(jīng)證明,兒童性侵犯問題并不少見。從古至今,兒童性侵犯現(xiàn)象從未在中國的史籍、文學(xué)作品乃至社會生活中銷聲匿跡。由于性問題的敏感性,仍有很多性侵犯問題沒有被揭露,而不論揭露與否,性侵犯給受害者童年期乃至成年期所造成的心理創(chuàng)傷都是難以平息的。因此,在有限的資源條件下,研究性侵犯受害者的創(chuàng)傷反應(yīng)經(jīng)驗(yàn),并從思想觀念、心理方面、社會支持等多方面引導(dǎo)他們的心理創(chuàng)傷康復(fù),是具有重要的實(shí)際意義的。 本文采用質(zhì)的研究方法,通過對20位兒童期性侵犯受害者的深度訪談,了解他們在兒童期受性侵犯的過程及自身和家人的創(chuàng)傷反應(yīng),性侵犯遭遇對他們成年后的工作和生活所帶來的各種影響,這包括心理、行為和軀體三方面的影響,并提出在中國這樣一個(gè)性觀念相對保守的國家里,如何撫慰兒童期性侵犯受害者及其家人所受的各種創(chuàng)傷,如何引導(dǎo)他們盡快走出性侵犯遭遇的陰影,重新收獲自信,開始新的生活。 研究結(jié)果表明:1.兒童期性侵犯受害者明顯出現(xiàn)了多種創(chuàng)傷反應(yīng),其中心理創(chuàng)傷反應(yīng)類型主要表現(xiàn)為創(chuàng)傷后應(yīng)激障礙(PTSD)、分離障礙、抑郁和自卑、自殺或企圖自殺這四種情況,行為創(chuàng)傷反應(yīng)類型主要表現(xiàn)為多種性行為問題、學(xué)業(yè)受創(chuàng)、性格轉(zhuǎn)變、職業(yè)選擇偏差等,此外,受害者還受到了明顯的軀體傷害。2.針對受害者的創(chuàng)傷反應(yīng),本文認(rèn)為可以從以下三個(gè)方面對受害者進(jìn)行引導(dǎo):一是轉(zhuǎn)變受害者及社會大眾對性侵犯事件的認(rèn)識誤區(qū),摒棄陳舊的貞操觀念,建立積極的性觀念認(rèn)識;二是擺正心理輔導(dǎo)者和受害者的角色定位關(guān)系,及時(shí)地梳理受害者的心理障礙;三是整合多方面力量,建立以家庭、學(xué)校、社會三個(gè)體系為一體的支持系統(tǒng)。
[Abstract]:Although there are no exact statistics on the incidence of child sexual assault, many studies in the West have shown that child sexual abuse is not uncommon. Since ancient times, the phenomenon of child sexual assault has never disappeared in Chinese history, literature and even social life. Because of the sensitivity of the sexual issue, there are still many sexual assault problems that have not been revealed, and no matter whether it is revealed or not, the psychological trauma caused by the sexual assault to the victim's childhood and even adulthood is difficult to appease. Therefore, under the condition of limited resources, it is of great practical significance to study the experience of traumatic reaction of victims of sexual assault, and to guide their recovery from the aspects of ideology, psychology and social support. In this paper, a qualitative study was conducted to investigate the process of sexual assault in childhood and the traumatic reactions of their own and their families through in-depth interviews with 20 child victims of sexual assault. The impact of sexual assault on their work and life as adults includes psychological, behavioral and physical effects, and suggests that in a country like China, where sexual attitudes are relatively conservative, How to soothe all kinds of injuries suffered by child sexual assault victims and their families, how to guide them out of the shadow of sexual assault as soon as possible, and how to regain self-confidence and start a new life. The results show that: 1. There are many kinds of traumatic reactions in child sexual abuse victims. The main types of psychological trauma reactions are (PTSD), separation disorder, depression and inferiority complex, suicide or attempted suicide. The main types of behavioral trauma reaction were multiple sexual behavior problems, academic injury, personality change, bias of career choice, and so on. In addition, the victims also suffered obvious physical injury. 2. According to the traumatic reaction of the victims, the author thinks that the victims can be guided from the following three aspects: first, to change the misunderstanding of the victims and the general public on the sexual assault, and to abandon the old concept of chastity. To establish a positive understanding of the concept of sex; The second is to straighten out the role orientation relationship between psychological counselors and victims, and to comb the psychological barriers of the victims in time; third, to integrate various forces and establish a support system with three systems: family, school and society.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：中國青年政治學(xué)院
【學(xué)位級別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2011
【分類號】：C913.5

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