內(nèi)疚與羞愧的產(chǎn)生及其與行為傾向之間的關(guān)系
發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-10-23 16:38
【摘要】：當(dāng)個(gè)體認(rèn)識(shí)到自己做了某種違背道德的、不正當(dāng)?shù)膫λ说氖虑?并應(yīng)該為之負(fù)責(zé)時(shí),就會(huì)產(chǎn)生內(nèi)疚這種不愉悅的、自我聚焦的情緒反應(yīng)(TurnerStets,2006),內(nèi)疚一般會(huì)促進(jìn)補(bǔ)償行為的出現(xiàn)。而羞愧就是個(gè)體的不良行為違背了某種道德標(biāo)準(zhǔn)而體驗(yàn)到的不光彩的感受,羞愧常常使得個(gè)體出現(xiàn)回避行為。這兩種情緒都是基于一定的道德水平產(chǎn)生的道德情緒。而且在許多人際交往中的道德事件,都是這些情緒在起著助推作用。為了避免內(nèi)疚和羞愧的出現(xiàn),人們會(huì)規(guī)范自己的行為,做了違規(guī)行為后也會(huì)通過(guò)一定的行為措施來(lái)彌補(bǔ)傷害,這些都是內(nèi)疚和羞愧的重要作用。探討內(nèi)疚和羞愧產(chǎn)生的成因,情緒產(chǎn)生后的行為傾向以及其關(guān)系的影響因素也具有很重要的教育價(jià)值。 本研究通過(guò)兩個(gè)研究探討內(nèi)疚和羞愧的誘因,行為傾向以及情緒與行為傾向關(guān)系的影響因素。研究一通過(guò)實(shí)驗(yàn)情境控制個(gè)體所屬責(zé)任類別,證實(shí)責(zé)任承擔(dān)在內(nèi)疚情緒產(chǎn)生和補(bǔ)償行為實(shí)施中的重要作用；同時(shí)通過(guò)控制外界眼光變量,來(lái)探究社會(huì)形象對(duì)羞愧和補(bǔ)償一回避行為的作用�？偣�77名高校學(xué)生參加了研究一的研究。研究二是通過(guò)控制個(gè)體與受害者之間心理距離的親疏遠(yuǎn)近,來(lái)探討心理距離對(duì)內(nèi)疚和羞愧這兩種情緒與補(bǔ)償行為之間關(guān)系的影響。研究二一共有88名高校學(xué)生參加。兩個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)研究結(jié)果發(fā)現(xiàn)： (1)內(nèi)疚對(duì)補(bǔ)償有顯著預(yù)測(cè)作用,內(nèi)疚體驗(yàn)越強(qiáng)烈,補(bǔ)償傾向越高。在責(zé)任清晰和不清晰的條件下這種情況都成立。并且內(nèi)疚對(duì)責(zé)任和補(bǔ)償之間的關(guān)系起到部分中介作用,責(zé)任對(duì)補(bǔ)償有直接作用,也通過(guò)內(nèi)疚產(chǎn)生間接作用。 (2)羞愧對(duì)補(bǔ)償和回避都有顯著預(yù)測(cè)作用,羞愧體驗(yàn)越強(qiáng)烈,補(bǔ)償傾向就越高,回避傾向也越高。在外界眼光存在的情況下,這種情況成立；但是在外界眼光不存在的情況下,羞愧對(duì)回避的預(yù)測(cè)作用仍顯著,對(duì)補(bǔ)償?shù)念A(yù)測(cè)作用不顯著。并且羞愧對(duì)外界眼光和補(bǔ)償—回避之間的關(guān)系起部分中介作用,外界眼光對(duì)補(bǔ)償—回避分別具有直接作用,也通過(guò)羞愧產(chǎn)生間接作用。 (3)內(nèi)疚和羞愧對(duì)補(bǔ)償都具有顯著預(yù)測(cè)作用,在心理距離疏遠(yuǎn)—外群體的條件下,這種情況也成立,但是在心理距離親近—內(nèi)群體的條件下,內(nèi)疚和羞愧對(duì)補(bǔ)償?shù)淖饔枚疾伙@著。而且,內(nèi)疚對(duì)心理距離和補(bǔ)償之間的關(guān)系存在部分中介作用,心理距離對(duì)補(bǔ)償程度具有直接作用,也通過(guò)內(nèi)疚產(chǎn)生間接作用。但是心理距離對(duì)羞愧和補(bǔ)償之間的關(guān)系起著調(diào)節(jié)作用。
[Abstract]:When an individual realizes that he or she has done something that is unethical and improper to hurt others and is responsible for it, it produces an unpleasant, self-focused emotional response (TurnerStets,2006), which generally promotes compensatory behavior. Shame is the bad behavior of the individual against a certain moral standards and experience a sense of dishonor, shame often makes the individual appear avoidance behavior. These two kinds of emotions are based on a certain moral level of moral emotion. And in many interpersonal moral events, these emotions play a role in promoting. In order to avoid the appearance of guilt and shame, people will regulate their own behavior and make up for the harm by certain behavior measures after committing violations. These are the important roles of guilt and shame. It is also of great educational value to explore the causes of guilt and shame, the behavioral tendency of emotion and the influencing factors of its relationship. Two studies were conducted to explore the inducements of guilt and shame, behavioral tendency and the influence factors of emotion and behavioral tendency. In the first study, it was proved that responsibility plays an important role in the generation of guilt and the implementation of compensatory behavior by controlling the individual's responsibility category through the experimental situation, and by controlling the external visual variables, To explore the role of social image in shame and compensation for an evasive behavior. A total of 77 college students participated in the study. The second is to study the relationship between guilt and shame and compensatory behavior by controlling the distance between individual and victim. A total of 88 college students participated in the study. The results of two experiments show that: (1) guilt has a significant predictive effect on compensation, and the stronger the guilt experience, the higher the compensatory tendency. This is true in the case of clear and unclear responsibilities. And guilt partly mediates the relationship between responsibility and compensation, and responsibility has direct effect on compensation and indirect effect through guilt. (2) shame has a significant predictive effect on compensation and avoidance, and the experience of shame is stronger. The higher the compensation tendency, the higher the avoidance tendency. This is true in the presence of external vision, but in the absence of external vision, the predictive effect of shame on avoidance is still significant, and the predictive effect on compensation is not significant. Shame mediates the relationship between external vision and compensation-avoidance, and external vision plays a direct role in compensation-avoidance. (3) guilt and shame have a significant predictive effect on compensation, which is also true under the condition of psychological distance distance-outer group, but under the condition of psychological distance closeness to inner group, Neither guilt nor shame had a significant effect on compensation. Furthermore, the relationship between psychological distance and compensation is partly mediated by guilt. Psychological distance has direct effect on the degree of compensation, and it also plays an indirect role through guilt. But psychological distance regulates the relationship between shame and compensation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842
本文編號(hào)：2289849
[Abstract]:When an individual realizes that he or she has done something that is unethical and improper to hurt others and is responsible for it, it produces an unpleasant, self-focused emotional response (TurnerStets,2006), which generally promotes compensatory behavior. Shame is the bad behavior of the individual against a certain moral standards and experience a sense of dishonor, shame often makes the individual appear avoidance behavior. These two kinds of emotions are based on a certain moral level of moral emotion. And in many interpersonal moral events, these emotions play a role in promoting. In order to avoid the appearance of guilt and shame, people will regulate their own behavior and make up for the harm by certain behavior measures after committing violations. These are the important roles of guilt and shame. It is also of great educational value to explore the causes of guilt and shame, the behavioral tendency of emotion and the influencing factors of its relationship. Two studies were conducted to explore the inducements of guilt and shame, behavioral tendency and the influence factors of emotion and behavioral tendency. In the first study, it was proved that responsibility plays an important role in the generation of guilt and the implementation of compensatory behavior by controlling the individual's responsibility category through the experimental situation, and by controlling the external visual variables, To explore the role of social image in shame and compensation for an evasive behavior. A total of 77 college students participated in the study. The second is to study the relationship between guilt and shame and compensatory behavior by controlling the distance between individual and victim. A total of 88 college students participated in the study. The results of two experiments show that: (1) guilt has a significant predictive effect on compensation, and the stronger the guilt experience, the higher the compensatory tendency. This is true in the case of clear and unclear responsibilities. And guilt partly mediates the relationship between responsibility and compensation, and responsibility has direct effect on compensation and indirect effect through guilt. (2) shame has a significant predictive effect on compensation and avoidance, and the experience of shame is stronger. The higher the compensation tendency, the higher the avoidance tendency. This is true in the presence of external vision, but in the absence of external vision, the predictive effect of shame on avoidance is still significant, and the predictive effect on compensation is not significant. Shame mediates the relationship between external vision and compensation-avoidance, and external vision plays a direct role in compensation-avoidance. (3) guilt and shame have a significant predictive effect on compensation, which is also true under the condition of psychological distance distance-outer group, but under the condition of psychological distance closeness to inner group, Neither guilt nor shame had a significant effect on compensation. Furthermore, the relationship between psychological distance and compensation is partly mediated by guilt. Psychological distance has direct effect on the degree of compensation, and it also plays an indirect role through guilt. But psychological distance regulates the relationship between shame and compensation.
【學(xué)位授予單位】：首都師范大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：碩士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2014
【分類號(hào)】：B842
【相似文獻(xiàn)】
相關(guān)碩士學(xué)位論文 前2條
1 康毓連;教師內(nèi)疚問(wèn)卷的編制及初步應(yīng)用[D];福建師范大學(xué);2014年
2 張琨;內(nèi)疚與羞愧的產(chǎn)生及其與行為傾向之間的關(guān)系[D];首都師范大學(xué);2014年
，本文編號(hào)：2289849
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