發(fā)布時(shí)間：2018-02-10 08:13

  本文關(guān)鍵詞： 中原 古代陶瓷窯爐 窯爐結(jié)構(gòu)與工藝 實(shí)驗(yàn)考古　出處：《鄭州大學(xué)》2012年博士論文　論文類型：學(xué)位論文

【摘要】：窯爐是陶瓷生產(chǎn)工藝流程中最為關(guān)鍵、重要的部分,“生在選土、長(zhǎng)在成型、死活看燒成”形象地道出了窯爐的重要地位。在世界古代的陶瓷發(fā)展過程中,中國(guó)占據(jù)著首屈一指的地位；而在中國(guó)的陶瓷發(fā)展史上,中原地區(qū)的陶瓷在宋代及宋代以前均處于十分重要的地位。 本文通過對(duì)窯爐考古和研究文獻(xiàn)的梳理,從近40年來窯址的考古資料入手,對(duì)中原地區(qū)制陶遺址中有關(guān)窯爐的資料進(jìn)行一次全面的、初步的整理和總結(jié),并在綜合這些資料的基礎(chǔ)上,使用類型學(xué)的方法對(duì)已發(fā)表的窯爐資料進(jìn)行型式的劃分,并結(jié)合“田野考古”、“科技考古”、“模擬考古”、“實(shí)驗(yàn)考古”等方法,對(duì)中原地區(qū)的窯爐進(jìn)行整理研究,并討論中原地區(qū)古代陶瓷窯爐的發(fā)展過程,描述互相之間技術(shù)交流的狀況以及對(duì)后世產(chǎn)生的不同影響,重要的是對(duì)不同種類的窯爐進(jìn)行復(fù)原重構(gòu)試燒。目的在于使我們對(duì)各中原地區(qū)陶瓷窯爐發(fā)展的總體狀況有個(gè)明確的認(rèn)識(shí),并從技術(shù)發(fā)展的角度去探討這個(gè)地區(qū)技術(shù)和文化發(fā)展的內(nèi)外原因。結(jié)合現(xiàn)有資料,本文主要闡述了以下五個(gè)問題：1、分析窯爐結(jié)構(gòu)和人們習(xí)俗、生產(chǎn)、生活的聯(lián)系；2、窯爐結(jié)構(gòu)和裝燒工藝的研究對(duì)考古發(fā)掘中古陶瓷器的歷史分期斷代開辟了的新途徑；3、使用圖形排列和數(shù)據(jù)排列等方法對(duì)古窯爐進(jìn)行了窯爐形式、構(gòu)造、火焰流向示意等多方面系統(tǒng)的研究；4、利用實(shí)驗(yàn)考古和科技考古的方法,把具有時(shí)代代表性的窯爐進(jìn)行復(fù)原重構(gòu),用實(shí)物來研究古代窯爐及其相關(guān)問題：5、提出了用一次性薄殼窯燒制秦兵馬俑的可行性猜想以及其它問題。文章共分為六章： 第一章是界定研究的地域、時(shí)間、窯爐的各部分名稱概念,以及研究本課題的目的意義、研究方法、及主要內(nèi)容。并把搜集整理的大量陶瓷文獻(xiàn)進(jìn)行概括,確定自己的研究方向和學(xué)習(xí)吸收專家老師和前輩們的研究成果。從而充實(shí)自己的研究課題。 第二章就以我國(guó)中原古代陶瓷窯爐為切入點(diǎn),參考大量的考古發(fā)掘資料,采用“田野考古”、“科技考古”和“模擬實(shí)驗(yàn)考古”的方法,對(duì)陶瓷窯爐的產(chǎn)生發(fā)展、結(jié)構(gòu)、建造材料及使用方法、燒成工藝等進(jìn)行考證研究,從而為揭示中原陶瓷的歷史面目提供證據(jù)。同時(shí)也對(duì)涉及的相關(guān)其他學(xué)科問題進(jìn)行探討。是本文的重點(diǎn)章節(jié)。 第三章是主要介紹中原古陶瓷窯爐的概況,從發(fā)掘資料和文獻(xiàn)中把中原古陶瓷的淵源、發(fā)展理出一個(gè)縱向的脈絡(luò),歸納總結(jié)出中原陶瓷技術(shù)發(fā)展的軌跡,為研究窯爐發(fā)展改進(jìn)的規(guī)律找到依據(jù)。 第四章是模擬實(shí)驗(yàn),根據(jù)前面研究得出的結(jié)論進(jìn)行實(shí)地試驗(yàn),就是模擬古代窯爐,模擬當(dāng)時(shí)的燒造方法進(jìn)行燒制試驗(yàn),得到第一手試驗(yàn)資料,驗(yàn)證所得結(jié)論的準(zhǔn)確性。 第五章中筆者認(rèn)為,中原窯爐的形成與多方面都有關(guān)系,它受到洞穴、生活爐灶、生活習(xí)俗以及氣候等各方面的影響。本章從多方面多角度提供依據(jù)和研究思路,以揭示中原古代窯爐的形成發(fā)展的真正面目。 第六章是終章,就是根據(jù)研究討論的結(jié)果提出自己的看法和今后的展望。提出中原陶瓷窯爐與城的關(guān)系以及其它需繼續(xù)展開研究的課題,以開發(fā)新的研究視角。
[Abstract]:The kiln is the most critical in the process of ceramic production technology, an important part of students in the selected soil, long in shape, or see the firing "vividly shows the important position in the world. The ancient kiln ceramic development process, China occupies a leading position; and in the history of the development of ceramic Chinese. The Central Plains region of the ceramics are in a very important position in the previous Song Dynasty and Song Dynasty.
Based on the kiln archaeological and research literature, starting from the past 40 years kiln archaeological data, on the Central Plains pottery kiln site data in a comprehensive, preliminary arrangement and summary, and based on these data, using the typology division method for type of published in the kiln data, combined with the "Archaeology", "science and technology" Archaeology ", simulated archaeology", "experimental archaeology", to collate and study the kiln in Henan Province, and discusses the development process of ancient ceramic kilns in the Central Plains, describing the technical exchanges between each other and influence on later generations it is important to the kiln, different restoration reconstruction test firing. The purpose is to make our overall situation of the development of ceramic kiln in the Central Plains have a clear understanding, and from the angle of Technological Development To explore the development of internal and external reasons of technology and culture in this area. Combined with the existing data, this paper mainly discusses the following five questions: 1, analysis of the kiln structure and people custom, production, life; 2, the new way for structure and burning technology of archaeological ceramics history of medieval period and date open the 3, the use of graphics; arrangement and data arrangement method of the kiln kiln furnace on the form, structure, and other aspects of research on flame flow system; 4, using the method of experimental Archaeology and Archaeology of science and technology, the era of representative kiln with restoration reconstruction, using real to study ancient kiln and its related problems 5, put forward the feasibility of conjecture Qin Terracotta Army disposable shell kiln firing and other problems. The article is divided into six chapters:
The first chapter is the definition of the geographical, time, kiln each part of the name of the concept, as well as the research purpose and significance, research methods and main content. And put a lot of ceramic collecting literature summarize, determine the direction of their research and research results of learning teachers and experts so as to enrich research predecessors. Study on their own.
The second chapter on China's Central Plains ancient ceramic kiln as the starting point, reference to a large number of archaeological data, using the "Archaeology", "Archaeology" and "simulations, archaeology" structure on the formation and development of ceramic kilns, building materials and the use of methods, sintering processes of textual research, thus provide evidence to reveal the history of the Central Plains ceramics. At the same time to discuss relevant issues involving other disciplines. Is the focus of this chapter.
The third chapter introduces the general situation of the ancient ceramic kiln in Central Plains. Based on the data and literature, a longitudinal vein is drawn from the origin and development of the Central Plains ancient ceramics, and the track of the development of ceramic technology in Central Plains is summarized, which provides a basis for studying the law of the development and improvement of the kiln.
The fourth chapter is the simulation experiment, field test according to the above research conclusion, is the simulation of ancient kiln fired test simulation method in time, get first-hand data, verifying the accuracy of the results.
In the fifth chapter, is related to the formation of the Central Plains and the kiln, it is the cave, living stove, all aspects of life custom and climate. This chapter from many aspects and provide a basis for research, in order to reveal the true face of the development of the formation of ancient kilns in Central Plains.
The sixth chapter is the final chapter, which is based on the results of research and discussion, and puts forward its own views and future prospects. It puts forward the relationship between ceramic kiln and city in Central Plains and other topics that need further research, so as to develop new research perspective.

【學(xué)位授予單位】：鄭州大學(xué)
【學(xué)位級(jí)別】：博士
【學(xué)位授予年份】：2012
【分類號(hào)】：TQ174.653;K22

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本文編號(hào)：1500065