a国产,中文字幕久久波多野结衣AV,欧美粗大猛烈老熟妇,女人av天堂

當(dāng)前位置:主頁 > 社科論文 > 中國通史論文 >

清代永定河下游的滄桑之變

發(fā)布時(shí)間:2018-05-11 15:20

  本文選題:永定河 + 滄桑之變 ; 參考:《河北學(xué)刊》2017年05期


【摘要】:從明萬歷十年至清道光二十二年(1602—1842年),永定河下游水環(huán)境經(jīng)歷兩次大變化。自明萬歷至清康熙年間,永定河下游東安、武清等地出現(xiàn)兩次盛大水勢,多地變?yōu)闈蓢。自清乾隆十年至道光二十二?1749—1842年),許多河溝淀泊淤積成陸,農(nóng)民耕墾其中。清康熙三十七年(1698年)筑永定河堤壩,使下口淤積,加劇環(huán)境變化:無壩前渾河散漫南流,沙泥填淤,增加土壤肥力,利于秋麥,稱為一水一麥之地;有壩后,永定河所經(jīng),淀泊淤積成陸。永定河上游治理,下游受害。河淤地畝,分給沿河汛夫耕種或招民佃種,以租銀為治河經(jīng)費(fèi);還有州縣民占地墾種升科,成為新增民地;旗民偷墾占種河淀淤地。淤地為永定河水利的最大特點(diǎn),墾種使河泊淀地水面減少,影響淀泊蓄水及河道行洪能力。
[Abstract]:From ten years in Ming Dynasty to 22 years in Daoguang in Qing Dynasty, the water environment of the lower reaches of Yongding River has undergone two great changes. From Ming Wanli to Qing Kangxi years, Yongding River downstream Dongan, Wuqing and other places appear twice grand water, many into the country. From ten years of Qianlong Qing Dynasty to 22 years of Daoguang in 1749-1842, many rivers and ditches were deposited and cultivated by farmers. In 37 years (1698), Kangxi built the Yongding River dike, which made the lower mouth silt up and aggravated the environmental change. Before the dam, the Hunhe River was scattered southward, the sand was filled with silt, and the soil fertility was increased, which was favorable to autumn wheat, which was called the land of one water and one wheat; after the dam, the Yongding River passed through, The lake is deposited into land. Yongding River upstream management, downstream victimization. River silt land mu, distributed along the river flood husband farming or hiring farmers to hire money for river control funds; also state and county people land reclamation species, become new people land; flag people to steal land to occupy the river deposition land. The silt land is the biggest characteristic of the Yongding River water conservancy. The reclamation species reduce the water surface of the river and affect the storage capacity of the lake and the flood discharge capacity of the river.
【作者單位】: 北京師范大學(xué)歷史學(xué)院;
【基金】:2014年度中央高校基本科研業(yè)務(wù)費(fèi)專項(xiàng)資金資助項(xiàng)目《清代北方人水矛盾及其制度調(diào)節(jié)》(skzzy2014032)
【分類號】:K249
,

本文編號:1874500

資料下載
論文發(fā)表

本文鏈接:http://www.wukwdryxk.cn/shekelunwen/zgtslw/1874500.html


Copyright(c)文論論文網(wǎng)All Rights Reserved | 網(wǎng)站地圖 |

版權(quán)申明:資料由用戶d2d51***提供,本站僅收錄摘要或目錄,作者需要刪除請E-mail郵箱bigeng88@qq.com
亚洲AV无码专区亚洲AV伊甸园| 人妻有码中文字幕在线| 在线观看无码的免费网站| 无码AV天堂一区二区三区| 第九影院| 国产有码| 老湿机69| 人妖xxx| 日韩精品无码一本二本三本色| 久久亚洲国产精品成人AV秋霞 | 白嫩的18sex少妇hd| 欧美 另类 交| 免费色网| 午夜影视| 黄色美人蕉图| 夫妻那些事| AV人摸人人人澡人人超碰小说| 亚洲国产天堂久久综合| 色窝窝免费一区二区三区| 国产在AJ精品| 无码一区二区三区久久精品| 久久亚洲天堂| 国产精品久久久久久亚洲影视| 天天综合天天翘av人妻天| 天堂在线www| 亚洲精品www久久久久久| 碰超| 啪啪啪免费网站| 国产精品久久久久久精品农民工 | 狠狠插| 看全色黄大色黄女片18免费| 亚洲成人精品在线| 别揉我奶头~嗯~啊~少妇| 亚洲精品无码专区在线观看| 四虎影视久久久免费| 一本色道久久HEZYO无码| 亚欧美日韩香蕉在线播放视频 | 国内外精品成人免费视频| 国产三级在线观看播放视频| 国产强奷在线播放| 嵊州市|